Hello and welcome back Shark. Here's to another episode of
Deep Dives with Sharks. My name is Alex, the guy who
gets your episodes out to you, at minimum, at least a day late,
if not even longer. So quick little update.
I always have those, of course, after running polls, which I do
those as well and trying to give people what they want.
The shark cures are a little bit divided.
So this is going to be another three shark episode, but I am
going to swap between doing 3 shark episodes and episodes that
have shark safety and news. I'm also going to throw in some
analysis from time to time. Every time I run the polls,
people tend to like a little bit of all three of those.
So I honestly thought that there'd be one that stuck out a
lot more than the other, and I'm not sure which one I thought it
would be. But just on top of it, you guys
seem to like a little bit of all of them.
So I'll kind of try to give everyone a little bit of what
they want, which eventually might turn out to be a problem,
but we'll find out in the future.
For right now, we're kind of juggling in OK.
I also do want to do some sort of like aquarium reviews, but I
don't know if that would really fit in as much.
And simply just because I go to a lot of different aquariums
whenever in a different city, I try to see if they have one.
And I'd want to discuss which sharks they have there, how
active you should expect them to be.
So nurse sharks would be more hanging out on the bottom.
Meanwhile, whale sharks would be swimming around the entire time.
And also what experiences you can have with those sharks and
other animals as well, such as behind the scenes tours, feeding
experiences. And in some cases, you can also
go diving or snorkeling with them, which is wild.
So I'm going to run a pole again, because you know, they,
they, they let me know what you guys are thinking.
It'll be on Spotify, on the Discord, and also on the
Instagram. So it'll all be there and it's
going to go for about two weeks. So probably going to end around
January 24th or 25th of 2025. So we'll see how that turns out.
Now you may also be wondering if I put an episode out last week,
why we have one this week, And that's because last week's was
late, as I mentioned. So I'm forcing myself to be a
little bit more consistent and stay on schedule because it's
supposed to come out every two weeks on Friday.
And sometimes it'll be a little bit late.
But I'm going to also try to be more consistent with that just
so that way you guys can know what to expect.
Which also can't wait to start off the next episode by
apologizing for being late again.
And it's kind of my signature at this point.
And in true fashion, this one's out on Saturday rather than
Friday. But that was more of a
technological issue because I recorded this last night at
10:30. I went to upload it and I got an
error message. And when I clicked OK, the page
refreshed and the episode was just gone.
And I looked everywhere on the files that my laptop on the
website that I used and it just is nowhere to be found.
And at that point it was late and I did not feel like doing it
again. So here here we are Saturday
morning, we're recording it. We got this.
I did also make a YouTube and I also have like a page that just
has all my links to everything. So the YouTube, Instagram,
discord, everything like that. Anything that I kind of say that
I'll throw a link for it in the the description will be what I
throw in here just so that way you guys can get a nice easy
place to find everything and not have to try to figure out which
links to Click to get where. It'll just be right there and
tell you that so that should be in the description of this
episode as well. Of course you can follow along
on Instagram, YouTube, Twitch, we're kind of everywhere.
If you look up deep dives with sharks and it's not on there and
you want it to be, then let me know and I'll try to get it on
wherever it is that you guys would like it to be.
But I have mentioned that part of the reason why I started this
podcast was because I would share too many shark facts with
my friends and I couldn't keep track of all my shark facts.
Well, two of the sharks are talking about this episode are
easily two of the sharks I shared the most facts about.
So for those of you that knew me in college, I'm really sorry.
You're going to hear about these sharks a little bit more today.
But without further ado, let's jump into the first one, which
is going to be the lemon shark. Now, I asked you guys a while
ago to request this shark and you guys came through.
I love these little goobers and I'm going to pour my heart and
soul into this. So to start, the lemon shark was
first discovered in 1868 by Felipe Poe.
Now, the lemon shark got its name because they have a yellow
color to them, which compared to the typical Gray, so they're not
completely yellow. They're not as yellow as an
American zebra shark or an Australian leopard shark, which
are the same shark, by the way. And I cover them in episode 1,
which is a shameless plug, but they are more yellow than a
nurse shark, which looks a bit more purplish.
Now lemon sharks are usually 2.4 to 3.1 meters or 7.9 to 10.2
feet long. All the longest lemon shark
caught was 11.3 feet or 3.43 meters and 183.7 kilograms or
405 lbs. The lemon shark's head looks
rather similar to a black tip reef shark, but they're bigger
and slightly different. The head is flat with a rounded
nose. Their nostrils sit rather
central on their face and their mouth appears wide but is rather
average, which sounds like the most backhanded compliment.
Like now they don't have a big mouth, it's just aggressively
average. Thanks dog, going to cherish
that one forever now. They do have two dorsal fins and
they are about the same size. 1 is dead center on their back and
the other hits about the three quarter mark on their back,
perfectly in between their front dorsal and their tail.
Their fins do appear to sit further back than other sharks,
but that could just be the angle the pictures I saw because
everything else didn't really mention that their fins are any
further back on their body, their pectoral fins.
I'm saying than any other shark. So you know I I could just be
seeing things now. The lemon shark does utilize its
ambulate of Lorenzini to hunt at night and detect electronic
pulses admitted by their prey. So they don't have to rely on
eyesight in low light. And you can see some of those
are like the little black freckles they get around their
nose. Now, these sharks tend to be
found in the Atlantic Ocean more than the Pacific, but they can
be found in New Jersey all the way down to Brazil.
So US down to Brazil, which includes the Gulf of Mexico, the
Caribbean and can be found in Baja California in Mexico, down
through Central America as far as Ecuador, which is not
including the Galapagos Islands, but they do get out to Saul
Island in Cape Verde. So they are both in the Pacific
and the Atlantic, but the range goes a bit longer in the
Atlantic. Now they tend to like shallower
waters such as reefs, mangroves, bays and river mouths, although
they have been found to go as deep as 92 meters or 301 feet in
the open ocean. They can go into brackish water,
but they tend not to go in too far into the freshwater,
preferring not to throw off their salinity balance.
Bull sharks are one of the ones that like to go a bit further
and can maintain that salinity balance for a while longer and
they can even stay in there for years.
But lemon sharks, they need to stay a bit more closer to the
salt water. Now the lemon sharks prefer to
stay in areas that have rocky or sandy bottoms as they give fewer
places for prey to hide, unlike grass areas that have seagrass
in them, which can be very thick and more difficult to get
through. It also allows a smaller fish to
navigate through that easier, which allows prey to escape a
bit easier. Often lemon sharks will spend
long periods of time in mangroves because they like the
root systems that can provide cover for their young and also
as a breeding ground for their prey.
So it kind of creates an essential buffet for these
sharks, which I mean, who doesn't love a good buffet?
Now they'll stay in there for a long while would causing them to
be a shark to break the stereotype that all sharks are
opportunistic predators, as they would have left the mangroves
pretty quickly as soon as the food became unavailable.
But instead they stuck around for a while as the vibes were
just a little too Immaculate. I mean, have you ever hung
around the mangroves? It's really peaceful, it's
calming, it's nice. I get it.
I paddle boarded through them before.
It's just chef's kissed, but it's perfect.
Now, these sharks have a somewhat selective diet.
They eat smaller sharks, birds, crustaceans, benthic organisms,
Bony fish, Ray's catfish, mullet, sorry, mullet, jacks,
porcupine fish and cowfish, which doesn't sound very
selective. That's quite a list.
But they don't target fish that are fasting get away easy.
They prefer fish that try to utilize camouflage to hide or
those that are stationary while foraging.
So it'll kind of be hanging out in place.
They're just easier to get. And lemon sharks aren't
necessarily built for speed. They're rather agile, but
they're not quite the speediest guys.
Makos got them very beat on that one.
Now they hunt in a very interesting way as well.
Rather than trying to move to get a clean bite and trying to
get ambush tactics, they seem to go more for confusion.
They will fly in at their prey and stop quickly keeping
momentum. And then they jab, taking
multiple bites until they get a good hold where they will shake
their head to remove a bit to eat.
So they kind of come flying in, pull up and they're like, oh,
gotcha. And then get them like this kind
of bite them. It's interesting now when they
finally get a piece that they can consume, they will cause a
feeding frenzy because they like to stay in groups.
So all their family and friends are now involved as there's
blood in the water, which as many of you know blood triggers
the sharks hunting instincts. So they'll smell that blood and
then they'll kind of just go crazy for it.
Now, a quick side note, researchers found that several
pieces of the same Stingray were found in the stomachs of several
lemon sharks, which was identified through DNA or
something similar, of course, but my brain and merely went to
oh, Stingray puzzle before actually thinking about it.
But you know, sometimes the ADHD bring an ADHD and that that's
just kind of funny. I mean, I don't think any
researchers were reassembling a Stingray after they were
dissecting sharks, but you know, it's fine now as mentioned,
these sharks do not enjoy being alone.
They like groups and prefer the buddy system.
This helps with hunting safety, better communication and the
males can of course work on their game with the ladies or as
the kids say, they can enhance their riz.
And after that line, this podcast is definitely canceled.
I appreciate y'all listening. Can't get wait, cannot wait to
get roasted for that one. And you know, don't hold back.
Appreciate you guys, but we willpower through regardless.
Now these groups can be as large enough to include 20 individuals
and often are based on size of the sharks.
So unfortunately there's a height requirement to vibe with
different lemon sharks. But fret not short kings,
because there are downsides to these social groups, such as
creating an environment in which parasites and diseases can be
transferred rather easily and it creates more food competition.
So sharks don't really look out for each other when it comes to
food. Their predatory instinct just
kicks in and it becomes more of a what's mine is mine and what's
yours is also mine. So the next point is one of my
favorite facts I would tell people all the time when I was
in college or working as a bartender, and that is that
lemon sharks give live birth, which means that lemon sharks
have belly buttons and that is just exciting.
Many sharks, as I mentioned, are Ovo viviperous, which means that
they will have eggs that hatch and then once the yolk sacks
gone, the belly button tends to start being less noticeable.
You can also notice it in a puppy's belly button, you know,
when they're really young, but then as they get older, it's
like harder to see kind of go. Same with the shark.
So when it's a newborn pup, you can see the belly button really
well and it's just really cool. But they do give birth in the
mangroves, which aids protection, and they will
typically give birth to up to 18 pups, although usually a lot
less. They are targeted by fishers for
a variety of reasons. It includes its meat, fins,
skins and all for commercial uses.
Overfishing is the biggest threat to lemon sharks as there
has been a large decrease in the lemon shark population over the
past 50 years. And that's been about a 50% to a
79% decrease, which is rather alarming.
That's got to hold up a little bit or let up a little bit
because that could be very concerning if not.
Now, when it comes to interacting with humans, they do
interact quite a bit being in the shallower waters.
They're also one of those sharks that do tend to get a lot of
tourism around them. But one thing I will say is that
there have been very few bites. There have only been 11
unprovoked bites and none have led to anyone's death, which one
thing I haven't discussed in a little bit is unprovoked versus
provoked bites. An unprovoked bite is when
you're kind of just hanging out in the water and you're doing
really nothing wrong and a shark just bites you.
That's an unprovoked bite. Provoked bite is.
We've seen videos of people messing with sharks doing things
like that. I think the worst I saw, or most
deserved I'll say, was a nurse shark that was chilling in its
cave and this diver just grabbed it by the tail and pulled it
out. Thankfully, nurse sharks are
very much more flea than fight, so it just swam away.
But if you keep pestering it, it will bite you.
And that's a provoked bite. So essentially, if you don't
mess with a shark and get bit unprovoked, if you're messing
with the shark, it's provoked. So that just a quick little run
down there. Now, a rather fun thing about
lemon sharks is you can find so many videos of these guys being
curious of so many different things, especially alligators in
Florida. One of my favorites was a
juvenile alligator just chilling on the surface of some deeper
water. And there were four juvenile
lemon sharks just circling and trying to figure out what he is.
And you can see him getting a little bit closer.
They're not exhibiting any sort of aggressive behavior, just
kind of circling, looking and getting a little bit close to
get a look. And the Gators just hanging out.
And one got a little too close and like touched his foot and he
like jumped at him to be like, it's kind of like when something
touches your foot in the water, you, you jump, you're like, what
in the world? And all the lemon sharks, the
ones just scattered. And it was, it was kind of funny
and really neat to see, but definitely something to look up
if you guys can find that, because there there's a whole
bunch of these little lemon sharks messing around with
people and looking at different things.
It's kind of fun, but that's what I had for the lemon shark.
I do appreciate you guys requesting them a lot because
that was easily my most requested one.
I think after that episode, everyone and their mother put
the request under the episode, so I do appreciate you guys very
much for that one. It's been a lot of fun to look
into. Now getting into the next shark.
This shark's been very special for me for a few reasons.
It's going to be the spinner shark.
And the first shark fact I used to always share and I even put
in my man of honor speech at my sister's wedding was that
spinner sharks got their name because they spin while hunting
and breach the water, which is just such an easy one to quickly
pull up and remember. It didn't matter what state I
was in. I could just be like, Oh yeah,
by the way, lemon spinner shark get their name because they spin
and people be like, oh, cool. Yep, that's that's really it.
And yes, I was the man of honor at my sister's wedding because
we're tight like that and also we all agree that the world
needs more shark facts. So give me a mic and I'll start
spitting any shark fact that comes to mind.
I did also set her up and I get to ask what's the three largest
sharks by straight up adding in my speech that I can almost
guarantee she can tell you the three largest sharks because
I've told her a million times be sure to ask her at some point
tonight. And then gave a nice thumbs up
and she did in fact get them correct.
And by the time she got over to my table to say hi to everyone
she hit me because she'd been asked 6 times.
And I want to thank the crowd at her wedding for doing that
because that is hilarious to me. But anyway, spinner sharks have
been confused for a black tip reef or sorry, black tip sharks
as they do have a bit of black on the top and ends of their
fins. Now it's also not to be confused
with the black tip reef shark as I just tried to say that are a
bit smaller than black tip sharks and they do have other
differences, but we aren't talking about either one of
those today, so they don't spin. So we're just going to leave
them out of it for right now. Now spinner sharks tend to grow
to be about two meters or 6.6 feet and can weigh around 56
kilograms or 123 lbs. Although some have gotten as
large as 3 meters which is 9.8 feet and 90kg or 200 lbs which
altogether is not that large of a difference between their
average and Max sizes. When compared to other sharks
that will have usually a few feet or meters and a couple
£100, they only have an extra meter and about 40 kilograms
which still is a big size difference but not as much as
say the great white would have. Now these sharks are rather
slim. They almost resemble the body of
a thresher shark minus the long tail.
Their dorsal fin is short in relation to the rest of their
body. Their pectoral fins are a bit
longer and they're sickle shaped, which means they have a
little bit of a curve to them. Their nose gets on the pointer
side and longer than most sharks and their eyes are on the
smaller side, which the description of these guys kind
of just sounds a little bit like a rose session.
I swear they are beautiful sharks.
I'm not just trying to pick on them even though it sounds like
it, but the good differences between other sharks.
They it's just they have a lot of slightly different things
about them. Now, they do have about 15 to 18
rows of teeth in their upper jaw.
They'll have about 14 to 17 rows in their lower jaw.
Their teeth are narrow and have fine serrations in the upper
jaw, but are completely smooth on the lower jaw.
So spinach sharks are mostly grey with some black spots
speckled around them, but especially on the tops of their
fins and the tips of their fins. These black bits on their fins
become more prominent as they age as the juveniles do not have
any black on them. These sharks are also very agile
thanks to the shape of their fins that help to cut through
the water compared to the triangular shape.
When you have a little bit of curve to it, it helps to get
less resistance. They form schools based on age
and sex because you know, got to keep the kids cool and also stop
any spread of cooties because you know, gross.
But jokes aside, the juveniles do actually prefer cooler water
temperatures, but they move to warmer waters as they age.
Spinners are found all around the world, including North
Carolina down to the northern bits of the Gulf of Mexico, the
Bahamas, Cuba, Brazil down to Argentina, North Africa down to
Namibia, the Indian Ocean, South Africa, Madagascar, the Red Sea,
Gulf of Aden, India, Java, Sumatra, Japan, Vietnam,
Australia, and they're believed to be in the Philippines,
although the Philippines have not confirmed sightings at this
point. So strong maybe for there, when
looking at parasites found on the sharks, it can be determined
that spinner sharks do pass through the Suez Canal.
And I'm not trying to point any fingers here, but y'all remember
that ship that got stuck in the Suez?
Well, I mean, I would also hook a sharp left turn if I saw
spinner sharks just twirling out the water and I'd definitely run
ashore. So I mean, I can't see I'd blame
them. I got to go watch that.
That's just cool. Now, spinach sharks can spend
their time around depths about 100 meters or 330 feet, but they
often prefer shallower than 30 meters or 98 feet.
But they're found all throughout the water column in between.
Mostly, of course, between 30 meters and up.
They also migrate within the seasons, often moving with the
warmer waters, unless they're juvenile, then they'll chill in
the colder waters, but still not too cold.
They're not about that ice cold life.
They got to talk to the Greenland sharks about that one.
But they'll stay a little bit more northern than the adults,
so that way they can keep their body temperatures just a little
bit cooler. The spinach shark often eats
smaller Bony fish, but quite a few of them will also eat 10
pounders, sardines, herring, anchovies, catfish, mullets,
lizardfish, blue fins, tunas, Benito jacks, croakers, tung
souls, and mojaras. But they'll also hunt Stingrays,
cuttlefish, octopi, and squid. Which, side note, shark here is
you have to look up a cuttlefish if you do not know what that is.
They're these little freaky little cute dudes.
They're probably my favorite sea creature other than sharks.
They have little squiggly pupils and they're they're just, they
can change color. It's you got to look them up.
They're really neat. They got little tentacles on
their face. It's Oh my gosh, I love them.
But anyway, to go a little more in depth about how the sharks
get their name, they will often find a school of smaller fish.
They'll approach from below, similar to what a great right
does, kick it into Top Gear, and then they just start rotating
while flying through the water column and just biting like a
chain shop from Super Mario Brothers 3.
Because they're often aren't very deep in the water, the
momentum will send them into the air still spinning, thus showing
those wonderful images of them spinning through the air.
They are highly intelligent around Madagascar as they've
realized that the shrimp trawlers will easily lead to
free meals They'll tossed by catch overboard, which can often
lead to a feeding frenzy, which lots of feeding frenzies on this
podcast recently. Just pretty neat.
When it comes to reproduction, these gals are rather similar to
the lemon sharks as they also give live birth, which means
we've got more shark belly buttons.
Woo. The spinner shark gives birth to
about 3 to 20 pups, which is an insane range.
So to narrow it down a little bit, the average is anywhere
between 7:00 and 11:00. The size of the pups depends on
the geographic location, as pups born in the northern Atlantic
range between 66 to 77 centimeters or 26 to 30 inches,
while pups in Tunisia they'll be between 61 and 69 centimeters
nice, or 24 to 27 inches, But in South Africa the pups are around
60cm or 24 inches. Being short, I clearly was not
born in the northern Atlantic. Might have gotten a few more
inches if I was, but of course, my selfish parents gave birth to
a human baby in a hospital instead of in the ocean.
It's ridiculous. But spinners typically live to
be about 15 to 20 years old, which sounds kind of short, but
it's rather long considering the lifespan of an anchovy, for
example, is 7 years if they're lucky, but usually it's about
four years or less. So spinners get about, you know,
three times as long as an anchovy and get absolutely
wrecked. Anchovies.
You go great on pizza sometimes, I guess.
I don't know. Now these sharks pose very
little threat to humans as they have only been 16 bites with one
being provoked, so they do kind of act out a little bit but very
very minimally. Usually you'll see a lot more
provoked than unprovoked, but none of the bites were fatal.
Same with the lemon sharks. Spinach sharks are haunted for
their meat and are sold in the US as black tip shark as black
tips are seen as higher quality which is just messed up for a
variety of reasons. Now recreational fishers also
enjoy catching spinner sharks as they tend to put up a good
fight, often leaping out of the water and because of all this
they are listed as vulnerable but could become endangered if
not monitored. Which you know, it is super cool
not eating fish or any animal that is vulnerable to
extinction. I mean there's plenty of options
that are more sustainable than fishing for sharks.
Plus sharks are cartilage which doesn't stay together well from
what I've heard. And I also got to take a step
back here or I'm going to do go on a 90 minute yap about
protecting sharks, which you know, it works.
So I mean, guess if I was an animal you'd call me a yappy
Barra, like a capy Barra. Anyway, the jokes are always
terrible here. So that is what I have for the
spinner sharks, which I really enjoy doing both of those.
But of course we're not quite done there.
We've got one more for you guys. We've got the Edestus shark,
which getting you 2 of my favorites.
Now it's time to give the shark here is a little freaky guy.
Well, maybe not very little because they were rather large,
but believed to be about 22 feet.
Anyway, the Edestus is an extinct fish that researchers
have debated whether or not they are sharks, but they are close
enough for me. So that works out.
Now, these guys are similar to the helicopterion that we
discussed a few episodes back as they both have tooth whirls,
which are just wild. And then the tooth whirls are
the little spiral things. So the shark that looked like it
had a saw blade under on its jaw.
So yeah, but the helicopterion had those spirals.
But the Edestus has tooth whirls that look more like someone
place to stick a dynamite in the dolphin's mouth and then
inserted cartoon physics so it's upper and lower jaws got blown
backwards towards its face. I'm very glad we don't have
tooth whirls as humans because that they just feel like they'd
be really hard to manage and maintain.
Now. These sharks existed around the
late Carboniferous, which is now the United States, United
Kingdom, and Russia. The similar issues arose for
trying to recreate the Odessus that did when researchers tried
to recreate the helicopterion, as nobody saw these guys when
they were alive and cartilage does doesn't really hold up
unless it's under the right circumstances.
So we don't really have a skeleton or structure to go off
of. We're just kind of putting
things in places and hoping it's right now.
Initially, scientists had the tooth whirls as defensive
structures for the fins, but they realized that then the
shark didn't have teeth. So when creating the structure,
then tried putting the teeth horizontally in the mouth, kind
of how you'd see in most sharks and in humans.
But then they realized that it it didn't line up correctly
unless they replaced more vertically coming from like
front to back in the mouth. That's giving the current
structure of how we believe they went together.
Now they do look rather goofy, like we think Greenland sharks
or Pacific Seaver sleeper sharks look odd, but oh boy.
So for starters, those tooth whirls stick out of their face a
bit. Their eyes are set further back
and they are quite wide. They had one dorsal fin and a
set of pectoral fins and a tail. From what researchers have
recreated, they believe that they may have been brownish or
Gray. But I mean, they could have also
been neon pink. There's no evidence to suggest
neon pink at all. But once again, you and I
weren't there and I can dream. Dolphin fans get pink dolphins.
I want a pink shark. So maybe it was some of the
recreations also have these guys being a rust red.
So there's a lot of different colors these guys could have
been. Pick your favorite.
It is believed the sharks grow to be around 22 feet or 6.7
meters long. So, you know, kind of big.
So big, in fact, that scientists believe that it may have been
the largest marine predator to exist at that point in history,
which is worded in such a weird way.
It almost sounds like your buddy Steve grabbed a beer and went,
you know, the great white could have been the largest ocean
predator ever. And when you question 1, he just
goes, well, were you there? Do you live in the ocean?
I don't think so. He's got a pretty good point.
So, you know, maybe it was the biggest one up to this point or
maybe it wasn't. No one was there, but it could
have been because 22 feet, especially back in before the
megalodon, you get a little bit of a benefit of the doubt there.
Now, they've been very few of these fellows found as only 13
have been found until 2019 when researchers, marine biologists
and paleontologists came together to go, Nah, nine of
these 13 aren't valid. There's only four, which is
insanely low and incredibly close to us not knowing that
these sharks ever existed. Now the tooth first tooth whirls
were found as a partial found by Joseph Lighty in 1856 in
Muskogee County, Oklahoma. But wait, there's 150 year drama
because a year earlier in 1855, Edwards hit Edward Hitchcock
presented a fragment that was found in Park County, Indiana.
But at the time it was identified as a fin spine.
So there's still a lot of debate whether it was a fin spine or if
it's actually part of an Edestus.
It's wild that at this point we had four legit Odessa's parts
and in the 1850s dude were arguing over who found it first
and if they're even real now. Another tooth was found in 1866
by John Strong Newberry in Posey County, Indiana.
But not to be left out of discovering this new species,
our boy John Strong Newberry joined forces with Amos Henry
Worthen in 1870, which just sounds like a dude who created a
bunch of candies, famous Amos and Werther's, you know, just
anyway. But dude in the 1800s are so
wild. There's just so many people
coming out with shark parts. It's weird.
But not to be left out, England had some discoveries by Edwin
Tully Newton in 19 O four that he described because he also did
not have the Odessa's pieces with him.
He stated he found the pieces in the coal measures in
Staffordshire, England, which England?
I'm really sorry if I just it mispronounced that I should be
able to. I'm pretty sure it's like
Staffordshire or something like that.
He was able to produce a partial tooth that did not have an apex
or crown. But you know it, it worked for
them and it'll work for me. Now here's what things get real
exciting because Oliver Perry Hay brought out the first pair
of upper and lower tooth whirls in 1912 that were found in Lehi,
Iowa. Which brings us to the end of
the findings in the US and takes us over to Russia.
As in 19 O 8 remains were found near Columna, which is near
Moscow. And in 1912, Alexander Karpinsky
produced a specimen from a quarry in Moscow.
Now the tooth whirls were initially classified into two
categories. Either they were asymmetrical
where the top or bottom jaw would hangover a little bit, so
you'd either have an under or an overbite, or where they were
symmetrical where they line up pretty perfectly.
Which kind of goes to show even in prehistoric times there was a
class struggle among sharks who could afford orthodontics and
those who could not. So you know, something's never
changed. Some people are just going to be
stuck with jacked up teeth and it's unfortunate, but
unfortunately there's not a whole lot we know about the
Adestus. Same thing with the Helicopreon.
We really can't go out here and say what they ate or anything
like that because there's even less known about them than the
Megalodon. So they're trying to figure it
out. Of course, same thing with all
the sharks that I do research on.
If anything comes up in the future, I will very much try to
get that updated in Corrections Corner and things like that.
But that's what I have for this episode.
Thank you once again for everything.
I finished the research for this episode at 1:00 AM.
So I'm really sorry if this a lot of this didn't make sense.
I feel like it was kind of coherent, you know, and then
woke up early this morning to record it.
So, you know, everything's fine. But follow along on all the
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yourself a little grace. Thanks for watching daycare.