1
00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:05,640
So super achy is an acronym 
stands for swing up Sup of 

2
00:00:05,640 --> 00:00:11,160
quantum emitter ER, population. 
It's a super project we're doing

3
00:00:11,320 --> 00:00:14,280
and I want to explain to you 
what this is about. 

4
00:00:14,520 --> 00:00:16,320
So let me first set the 
background. 

5
00:00:16,320 --> 00:00:20,000
The idea is we want to do 
quantum communication, but 

6
00:00:20,000 --> 00:00:24,040
instead of communicating like 
via the telephone wire or by the

7
00:00:24,040 --> 00:00:27,480
optical fibre, we want to use 
quantum light. 

8
00:00:27,480 --> 00:00:29,960
Now. 
So quantum light is a single 

9
00:00:30,040 --> 00:00:33,400
photon that basically is the 
smallest portion of light. 

10
00:00:33,440 --> 00:00:36,200
Now all these properties which I
talked about which are now 

11
00:00:36,200 --> 00:00:39,480
relevant that they come into 
that they now going to, we're 

12
00:00:39,480 --> 00:00:42,200
going to want to harness them, 
we want to make use of them and 

13
00:00:42,200 --> 00:00:45,760
why do we want to use that? 
If we do that, we have a secure 

14
00:00:45,760 --> 00:00:48,600
communication. 
So if we're talking and it would

15
00:00:48,600 --> 00:00:52,800
be a secure line and come, one 
would tap in and listen to our 

16
00:00:52,960 --> 00:00:56,720
very private conversation. 
We would not see that person, 

17
00:00:56,720 --> 00:00:59,160
but we wouldn't know. 
We would have been listened to 

18
00:00:59,360 --> 00:01:02,480
and remember all these movies 
which are like you've seen 

19
00:01:02,480 --> 00:01:05,440
Enigma, which was like all about
the here communication. 

20
00:01:05,440 --> 00:01:09,080
We now understand how important 
secure communication is and the 

21
00:01:09,080 --> 00:01:14,360
quantum communication is 1 idea 
how to make communication super 

22
00:01:14,360 --> 00:01:17,720
secure, like from the 
fundamental ideas of physics 

23
00:01:17,720 --> 00:01:19,800
secure. 
And there's a different way of 

24
00:01:20,400 --> 00:01:24,440
so cryptography, I give you a 
key, someone could spell it and 

25
00:01:24,720 --> 00:01:28,320
decrypt our messages. 
This is what happened a lot of 

26
00:01:28,320 --> 00:01:30,320
time. 
Now, the secure way, how to 

27
00:01:30,320 --> 00:01:32,320
distribute it, on which way it 
goes. 

28
00:01:32,400 --> 00:01:35,640
You can copy a regular P that's 
easy for if it's a line of 

29
00:01:35,640 --> 00:01:38,080
numbers, you can copy that just 
with your notebook. 

30
00:01:38,480 --> 00:01:40,600
You cannot do that in quantum 
mechanics. 

31
00:01:40,600 --> 00:01:42,040
Why not? 
Wow. 

32
00:01:42,040 --> 00:01:43,920
There's. 
So there's the theorem, which is

33
00:01:43,920 --> 00:01:46,160
actually called no cloning 
theory. 

34
00:01:46,320 --> 00:01:49,440
We rely on that. 
It's more complicated than that.

35
00:01:49,440 --> 00:01:52,680
But the idea is in quantum 
mechanics, there's not just 

36
00:01:52,680 --> 00:01:56,200
zeros and one that's from a 
classical computer, but you can 

37
00:01:56,200 --> 00:01:59,600
have everything in between. 
That is called a phase or a 

38
00:01:59,600 --> 00:02:02,920
coherent superposition. 
But the third thing is you can 

39
00:02:02,920 --> 00:02:06,000
still just measure 0 and one, 
but say it was in the middle, it

40
00:02:06,000 --> 00:02:08,240
was half zero, half 1. 
So it's 5050. 

41
00:02:08,280 --> 00:02:11,560
You can get one or the other. 
Yeah, that's one thing we named.

42
00:02:11,840 --> 00:02:14,960
So you can make a couple of 
repetitive measurements and 

43
00:02:14,960 --> 00:02:19,040
thereby get the statistics and 
you will know that instead just 

44
00:02:19,040 --> 00:02:22,640
giving 5050 regularly, you took 
the quantum 5050. 

45
00:02:22,800 --> 00:02:25,120
And this is where it all relies 
upon. 

46
00:02:25,280 --> 00:02:27,320
And then this was the first 
proposal. 

47
00:02:27,320 --> 00:02:30,720
It was given like 40 years ago 
and now we're trying to 

48
00:02:30,720 --> 00:02:32,920
implement that. 
And they're more complicated of 

49
00:02:32,920 --> 00:02:36,320
these proposals, but you cannot 
copy the quantum state because 

50
00:02:36,320 --> 00:02:39,280
while measuring it, you need to 
destroy it and then 

51
00:02:39,280 --> 00:02:42,840
reconstructing it is tough. 
You have the key, I have the 

52
00:02:42,840 --> 00:02:45,800
key, but nobody has copied it. 
What you're working on is more 

53
00:02:45,800 --> 00:02:47,880
about the securing the 
communication. 

54
00:02:48,120 --> 00:02:50,440
Oh. 
Oh this is so cool. 

55
00:02:50,880 --> 00:02:54,760
That's why it is super quantum. 
That's not why at Cooper Quantum

56
00:02:54,760 --> 00:02:57,920
we need these single photons, 
these little bits off of light. 

57
00:02:57,920 --> 00:03:01,360
You go there that a requirement 
to make all this happen, which I

58
00:03:01,360 --> 00:03:05,280
just told you about, correct. 
And now to get that, what we can

59
00:03:05,280 --> 00:03:07,160
take is what is called a quantum
emitter. 

60
00:03:07,160 --> 00:03:10,880
That can be an atom and you can 
excite it on real citations that

61
00:03:10,880 --> 00:03:13,560
will lose it expectation. 
It will emit the single photo. 

62
00:03:13,560 --> 00:03:15,400
So now the question is, how are 
you excited? 

63
00:03:15,760 --> 00:03:18,320
Imagine if you want to go up in 
the swimming pool, you want to 

64
00:03:18,320 --> 00:03:20,120
go up the ladder and jump in the
pool. 

65
00:03:20,320 --> 00:03:23,720
That's a similar process because
you excite yourself and the pool

66
00:03:23,720 --> 00:03:25,680
splash is basically the single 
photo. 

67
00:03:25,960 --> 00:03:28,240
You're taking a ladder to go up.
Yes, yes. 

68
00:03:28,560 --> 00:03:31,440
And the ladder should be 
probably the same size as the 

69
00:03:31,480 --> 00:03:34,200
tower. 
Yes, yes, that's how we do. 

70
00:03:34,200 --> 00:03:36,120
That's what people have done 
before. 

71
00:03:36,320 --> 00:03:38,360
You can take a letter which is a
little bit higher. 

72
00:03:38,360 --> 00:03:40,880
That would be okay. 
Yes, and we can, that's okay. 

73
00:03:41,080 --> 00:03:45,760
What we do now is we take 2 
letters, but both are too short.

74
00:03:45,760 --> 00:03:49,040
There's a little bit too short. 
Just like you try to stretch, it

75
00:03:49,040 --> 00:03:51,840
doesn't work. 
So basically we attach the 

76
00:03:51,840 --> 00:03:55,240
letters in a smart way to each 
other and you have to jump from 

77
00:03:55,240 --> 00:03:59,000
one to the other to get up. 
So super achy is an acronym 

78
00:03:59,160 --> 00:04:05,960
stands for swing up Sup of 
quantum emitter ER population 

79
00:04:06,160 --> 00:04:10,560
the. 
Swing up quantum emitter Yes and

80
00:04:10,560 --> 00:04:18,800
the R of the. 
Oh, this is so cool. 

81
00:04:19,160 --> 00:04:21,720
Oh, OK. 
OK, OK, this is cool. 

82
00:04:21,720 --> 00:04:24,520
OK, now I will understand all 
the jokes moving forward. 

83
00:04:24,720 --> 00:04:28,120
Thank you. 
So we just published that two 

84
00:04:28,120 --> 00:04:30,440
years ago. 
That's 2 1/2 there. 

85
00:04:30,800 --> 00:04:34,800
And it was very unsearched for 
that was very surprising to 

86
00:04:34,800 --> 00:04:38,040
everybody, but also very much 
needed to everybody. 

87
00:04:38,040 --> 00:04:42,160
So people really went to the lab
immediately after we we brought 

88
00:04:42,160 --> 00:04:44,480
it out and tried to measure it 
and it worked. 

89
00:04:44,560 --> 00:04:47,200
So this is the best thing. 
If you're a citizen, you propose

90
00:04:47,200 --> 00:04:50,160
something which you think is 
like, totally just your mind, 

91
00:04:50,160 --> 00:04:51,840
and then it works and you're 
like, yeah. 

92
00:04:52,320 --> 00:04:53,960
We hope you enjoyed this 
snippet. 

93
00:04:54,240 --> 00:04:56,920
Check out the full episode by 
following the link in the show 

94
00:04:56,920 --> 00:04:57,360
notes.