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Welcome to Keith's night. 
Don't try it on anyone and the 

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libertarian Institute. 
This is from history.com when 

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cigarette companies use doctors 
to push smoking before studies 

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showed that cigarettes cause 
cancer tobacco companies 

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recruited the medical community 
for their ads. 

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September 13th, 2018 by Becky 
little from the collection of 

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Stanford Research into the 
impact of tobacco advertising. 

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What cigarettes do? 
Doctors say causes less throat 

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irritation. 
And in the 1930s and 40s. 

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Tobacco companies would happily 
tell you it was, there's doctors

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hadn't yet, discovered a clear 
link between smoking and lung 

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cancer and a majority of them 
actually smoke cigarettes. 

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So, in cigarette ads, tobacco 
companies used doctors authority

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to make their claims about their
cigarettes seem more legitimate 

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to the modern-day reader. 
The pitching of cigarettes as 

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healthy even to Youth and 
pregnant moms. 

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And The use of doctors 
endorsements may appear 

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horrifying yet before 1950, 
there wasn't good evidence 

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showing that cigarette smoking 
was bad for you. 

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People started to get worried in
the 1940s because lung cancer 

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was spiking. 
The lung cancer. 

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Death rate was going through the
roof, says Martha Gardner a 

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history and social sciences 
professor at Massachusetts, 

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College of Pharmacy and Health 
Sciences. 

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People noticed that and we're 
worried about it and that didn't

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mean they knew. 
It was cigarettes. 

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Yes. 
Cigarettes did cause coughing 

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and throat irritation. 
But companies used this to their

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advantage, to promote their 
product as better than the 

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competition. 
It wasn't all cigarettes that 

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gave you problems. 
It was just those other ones. 

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The first cigarette company to 
use physicians in their ads was 

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American Tobacco maker. 
Lucky Strikes. 

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In 1938 published an ad claiming
20,000 679, Physicians, say 

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Lucky's are less irritating to 
the throat to get this number. 

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The company's Ad Agency had sent
Physicians cartoons of Lucky 

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Strike, cigarettes and a letter 
asking if they thought Lucky 

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Strikes or less irritating too 
sensitive and tender throats 

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than other cigarettes. 
While noting a good, many people

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had already said they were To 
briefly go over definitions. 

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I wanted to find science as the 
observation identification 

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description experimental 
investigation and theoretical 

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explanation of phenomena. 
Mostly invoking. 

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The scientific method of 
observations and questions 

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research hypothesis, experiment,
collection of data analysis and 

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conclusion. 
Along with being falsifiable. 

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The falsification principle 
proposed by Karl. 

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Popper is a way of demarcating 
science from non-science it Stat

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for a theory to be considered 
scientific. 

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It must be able to be tested and
conceivably proven false. 

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For example, the hypothesis that
all swans are white can be 

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falsified by observing a Black 
Swan for popper science could 

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attempt to disprove a theory 
rather than attempt to 

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continually support, theoretical
hypotheses. 

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So just as we have, scientists, 
who can be corrupt, or mistaken,

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or lazy, or just in it for The 
money we could have historians 

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who study history, a 
chronological record of 

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significant events such as those
affecting a nation or an 

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institution often including an 
explanation of their causes. 

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So questioning historians 
doesn't mean you're a history 

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denier questioning certain 
scientists doesn't make you a 

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science denier back to the 
article unsurprisingly many 

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doctors responded positively to 
this bias leading question and 

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Lucky Strike. 
And use their answers to imply. 

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Their cigarettes must be 
medically better for your 

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throat. 
In 1937. 

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The Philip Morris company took 
that one step forward with the 

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Saturday evening post, ad 
claiming doctors had conducted a

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study showing when smokers 
change to Philip Morris every 

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case of irritation, cleared 
completely, and definitely 

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improved. 
What it didn't mention was that 

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Philip Morris had sponsored 
those actors. 

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Philip Morris continue to 
advertise studies, its sponsored

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through the 1940s. 
The decade that saw the 

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introduction of penicillin. 
The American public is thinking 

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about medicine in such a 
positive way and Science in a 

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positive way. 
Says Gardener who co-authored 

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the American Journal of public 
health article about doctors in 

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cigarette ads. 
So framing it that way seems 

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like it'll help appeal to 
people, to this end, the RJ 

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Reynolds. 
Olds tobacco company, created a 

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medical Relations Division and 
advertised it in medical 

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journals. 
Reynolds began paying for 

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research and then citing it in 
ads like Philip Morris in 1946. 

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Reynolds launched, an ad 
campaign with the slogan, more 

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doctors smoke camels than any 
other cigarette. 

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They solicited this finding by 
giving doctors a free carton of 

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Camel, cigarettes, and then 
asking what brand they smoked by

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the mid-1950s. 50s. 
When tobacco companies had to 

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confront good evidence that 
their products caused lung 

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cancer advertising, strategies 
started to shift, what happens 

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is all of the cigarette 
companies, kind of work together

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to try to promote the idea that 
we don't know if it's harmful 

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yet Gardner says in 1954. 
These companies released a Frank

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statement to cigarette smokers. 
Arguing that research showing a 

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link between Cancer and smoking 
was alarming but not conclusive.

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Therefore, the companies were 
forming. 

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Research committee to 
investigate the issue. 

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So, it turns out that doctors 
much, like cashiers podcasters 

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authors, engineer stockbrokers 
mailmen actors, car salesman, 

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mix cetera, turns out they can 
be fallible. 

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They can be mistaken. 
They can even be bought off or 

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corrupted, they could even 
rationalize their unjustified 

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Behavior. 
You might want to say, well, 

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that was then. 
And this is now a now is totally

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different. 
Here was a CNBC article from 

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February of 2018, the Leading 
cause of death in the US. 

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Most doctors don't want you to 
know about a recent John 

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Hopkins. 
Study claims more than 250,000 

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people in the US die. 
Every year from medical errors. 

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Other reports claim the number 
to be as high as four hundred 

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and forty thousand medical, 
errors are the third leading 

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cause of death after heart 
disease and cancer. 

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So just meet it with some, some 
skepticism. 

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I mean, can you You imagine if 
CNN just had a 24-hour medical 

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malpractice death, count clock. 
Well, then you'd be as scared as

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that as you are of the current 
pandemic or maybe they'll throw 

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in terrorism again, or maybe 
global cooling, or maybe global 

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warming, or maybe 
overpopulation, or maybe our Ron

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getting wmds. 
They're constantly trying to 

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scare us and Usher in a 
solution. 

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That's totally unjustified. 
From National Public Radio, 

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September of 2016, 50 years ago,
sugar industry, quietly, paid 

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scientists to point. 
Blame at fat. 

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The study is titled sugar 
industry and coronary heart 

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disease. 
Research a historical analysis 

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of internal industry documents. 
The abstract says early warning 

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signals of the coronary heart 
disease, CHD, risk of sugar 

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circo's emerged in the 1950s. 
We And sugar Research 

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Foundation. 
Srf internal documents, 

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historical reports and 
statements relevant to early 

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debates about the dietary causes
of CHD, and assembled findings 

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chronologically into a narrative
case. 

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Study the srf sponsored its 
first CHD. 

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Research project in 1965 a 
literature review, published in 

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the New England Journal of 
Medicine, which singled out fat 

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and cholesterol as the dietary 
causes of sickness. 

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CHD and downplayed evidence that
circles consumption was also a 

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risk factor, the srf set the 
reviews, objective contributed 

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articles for inclusion and 
received drafts, the srf funding

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and roll was not disclosed 
together with other recent 

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analyses of sugar, industry, 
documents are finding suggests 

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the industry. 
Sponsored a research program in 

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the 1960s and 1970s that. 
Fully cast doubt about the 

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hazards of circles while 
promoting fat, as a dietary 

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culprit in CHD, policymaking 
committees should consider 

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giving less weight to food 
industry-funded studies and 

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include mechanistic, and animal 
studies, as well as studies. 

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Appraising, the effect of added 
sugars on multiple CHD, bio 

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makers and disease development. 
Finally, let's see if we have 

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any examples of a first world 
country, Miss attributing causes

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of death on an extremely large 
scale. 

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Here. 
We have the Canadian 

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Broadcasting Corporation flu. 
Deaths reality, check 

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credibility of flu models, is 
disputed by Kelly crow in 

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November of 2012. 
Do thousands of Canadians really

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die. 
Every year from the flu, the 

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flu, folks, keep saying, so I've
already heard it repeated 

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several. 
All times this year and flu, 

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season has just started. 
This is what the public health 

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agency of Canada. 
Said, in a recent press release 

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every year between two thousand 
and eight thousand Canadians, 

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die of the flu and it's 
complications. 

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OMG that's like three 911s every
year in Canada. 

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Please do something in a CBC 
interview, a few weeks ago and 

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editor of the Canadian Medical 
Association Journal said 4,000 

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to Eight thousand people die. 
Every year of influenza. 

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It comes directly from the desk 
of Canada's Chief Health public 

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officer. 
The flu is serious. 

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He tells us from his website 
every year between two thousand 

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and eight thousand Canadians, 
die of the flu and it's 

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complications. 
Do you ever wonder how they know

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that the fact is they don't? 
This is a scientific guess this 

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is not the truth. 
Dr. Michael guard. 

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Mm director of infection, 
prevention and control. 

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Unit at the university health 
network in Toronto and long 

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time. 
Flew Watcher told me the fact is

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no one knows how many people 
died after being infected with 

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the flu virus. 
The death estimates are not 

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based on body counts, lab, tests
or autopsies. 

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I think people may have the 
misconception that every person 

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who dies from the flu is somehow
counted somewhere, and they're 

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not guarding said the Thousand 
to 8,000 numbers are based on 

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computer models a statistical. 
Guest that comes out the end of 

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a mathematical formula that 
makes a range of assumptions 

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about death and flu. 
They're tossing it into a big 

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computer and they're churning 
out estimates guard. 

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Him said as he scribbled numbers
on a white board to show me how 

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the models work. 
One model counts, all 

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respiratory and circulatory 
deaths. 

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That's deaths from heart and 
lung. 

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All your as flu deaths as an 
upper limit. 

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They are looking at everybody 
who died of a heart and lung 

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problem guard. 
Him said, so you could imagine 

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that this could include people 
who died of a heart attack that 

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had nothing to do with the flu. 
But the feeling is that, anybody

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who died of the flu should be 
captured in there, plus a lot of

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other people at the lower end of
that model. 

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They count the number of deaths,
officially listed as influenza. 

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On the death certificate. 
Plus all deaths from pneumonia, 

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even though not all pneumonia is
caused by. 

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The flu here is Edward Bernays 
explaining how he convinced 

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millions of women to take up 
smoking. 

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Thank you for watching Keith 
Knight. 

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Don't tread on anyone and the 
libertarian Institute. 

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One day. 
Mr. George Hill, president of 

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the American Tobacco Company or 
the largest may be the largest 

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Tobacco Company, extended that 
time called me in and said, 

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we're losing half of our market,
and I said why mr. 

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Hill, he said there's a taboo of
men. 

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There's a taboo by men. 
That does not permit women to 

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smoke either in public or even 
at home. 

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What can we do about? 
Breaking down that taboo? 

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I said have I your permission to
see a psychoanalyst? 

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He said what? 
Of course I said, let me ask so 

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I called up. 
Dr. Brill. 

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Who is the one of the great 
Disciples of my uncle Sigmund. 

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Freud said what'll it cost? 
Dr. Braille for me to have a 

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little conference with you on a 
question that is of importance 

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to the people whom? 
I'm working with and he said, 

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$125, which at today's 
purchasing power would be about 

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20 times that 20 times that. 
So I went to dr. 

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Bell. 
And I asked him what cigarettes 

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meant to women and let me say in
parentheses that cigarettes at 

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that time were not regarded as 
dangerous to your health. 

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Because that had not been found 
out yet. 

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In fact, they were regarded as 
symbols of manhood little boys, 

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smoke them prove that they were 
older than they were and they 

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were guarded as symbols of 
importance in the society, 

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giving pleasure and so on. 
So I went to dr. 

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Brill and asked him what 
cigarettes meant to Women, and 

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00:15:06,300 --> 00:15:12,700
he answered very quickly 
cigarettes are torches of 

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freedom to women. 
They want a smoke to dramatize 

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man's taboo against women by not
permitting them to smoke and 

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that's why they want a smoke. 
And then he added as an 

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afterthought and they titillate 
the erogenous zones of the lips 

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here. 
I had my hundred and twenty-five

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dollars worth of knowledge. 
What could I do with that 

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00:15:48,400 --> 00:15:52,500
information? 
I decided that there were two 

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00:15:52,500 --> 00:15:55,600
days of freedom in the United 
States. 

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00:15:56,400 --> 00:16:03,000
One was July 4th, political 
freedom, but that was No good 

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because people were in the 
country using firecrackers to 

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celebrate the Day. 
They were permitted at that 

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time, this through some fifty 
years ago. 

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The other day was freedom of the
spirit Easter Sunday and it 

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occurred to me that any young 
debutante who was aware of the 

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times and of herself as As a 
woman being discriminated 

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00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:39,800
against would be delighted to 
walk in the Easter parade with 

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her bow to dramatize. 
The idea that cigarettes were 

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00:16:46,600 --> 00:16:54,000
indeed torches of freedom to, 
and to validate that, and to 

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invalidate the taboo against 
women smoking. 

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00:16:58,800 --> 00:17:01,700
So I called up a Debbie's on 
friend of mine. 

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As to get another friend and two
young men, whom they like and 

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00:17:08,900 --> 00:17:14,400
they are also instructed them on
how to give information about 

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00:17:14,400 --> 00:17:19,900
what they did to the newsreels 
weekly, newsreels to the 

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00:17:19,900 --> 00:17:24,400
newspapers to the three 
important press association's, 

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00:17:24,900 --> 00:17:29,900
the AP, the United press 
international news service and 

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00:17:29,900 --> 00:17:35,900
to walk from 34th Street. 2:57 
and backe and back and forth, 

259
00:17:36,300 --> 00:17:41,900
lighting torches of freedom to 
protest, man's inhumanity to 

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00:17:41,900 --> 00:17:45,300
women, by a taboo against 
smoking. 

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00:17:46,000 --> 00:17:49,400
Next morning. 
There wasn't a newspaper in the 

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00:17:49,400 --> 00:17:53,000
United States. 
Even the New York Times had a 

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00:17:53,008 --> 00:17:58,700
front page story debutantes, 
light, torches of freedom to 

264
00:17:58,700 --> 00:18:04,800
protest man's inhumanity. 
It to women by a taboo against 

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00:18:04,800 --> 00:18:10,500
smoking lighting, cigarettes in 
their walk. 

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00:18:11,400 --> 00:18:16,100
The interesting thing to me was 
that within three days the 

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00:18:16,100 --> 00:18:20,100
newspapers without any 
intercession on my part, 

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00:18:20,700 --> 00:18:25,900
probably still counts. 
That women were smoking in Union

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00:18:25,900 --> 00:18:31,800
Square in San Francisco, in 
Union, Square in Denver, and on 

270
00:18:31,800 --> 00:18:39,800
the Boston, Commons, and to my 
surprise within six weeks on 

271
00:18:39,800 --> 00:18:44,400
their own without any 
intercession on my part, the 

272
00:18:44,400 --> 00:18:50,500
meek of theaters, which had a 
ban on women smoking in the 

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00:18:50,500 --> 00:18:53,000
smoking rooms under the 
orchestra. 

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00:18:53,200 --> 00:18:59,000
Every good theater in New York. 
Lifted the ban and women were 

275
00:18:59,000 --> 00:19:09,600
allowed to smoke that obviously 
set a trend and the surgeons 

276
00:19:09,600 --> 00:19:14,200
General's statement that 
cigarettes were dangerous to 

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00:19:14,200 --> 00:19:19,000
your health, did not come out 
until about 30 years later.