1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:04,900 How do you look at from a philosophical point of view at 2 00:00:05,000 --> 00:00:10,100 previous generations? That were that seem to be so 3 00:00:10,100 --> 00:00:12,900 enlightened yet? So unable to apply their own 4 00:00:12,900 --> 00:00:14,200 principles. Consistently. 5 00:00:14,400 --> 00:00:18,400 The biggest example is Thomas Jefferson writing about men 6 00:00:18,400 --> 00:00:20,700 being created equal endowed by their creator with certain 7 00:00:20,700 --> 00:00:23,700 unalienable rights. Meanwhile, having a slave owner, 8 00:00:23,700 --> 00:00:27,100 George Washington leading, a tax revolt, and then engaging in the 9 00:00:27,100 --> 00:00:29,500 whiskey collection tax or Christopher. 10 00:00:30,000 --> 00:00:35,600 Is how do you as a philosopher try to think about what were 11 00:00:35,600 --> 00:00:39,200 they just evil opportunist? Or were they really good people 12 00:00:39,200 --> 00:00:42,200 who were just unable to apply their own principles 13 00:00:42,300 --> 00:00:46,400 consistently because they didn't have access to DuckDuckGo. 14 00:00:47,900 --> 00:00:50,200 Yeah, I'm gonna, I'm Gonna Leave, Christopher Columbus off 15 00:00:50,200 --> 00:00:53,000 to the side because everybody's really pissed at him right now. 16 00:00:54,300 --> 00:00:57,300 It was Columbus Day, a couple of days, maybe a week ago. 17 00:00:58,100 --> 00:01:01,900 So I think it profits us. Nothing at all to talk about 18 00:01:01,900 --> 00:01:04,000 him. Talking about Jefferson's a 19 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:04,900 great example. I think. 20 00:01:04,900 --> 00:01:09,100 Yeah, I think Jefferson's best example actually because he in 21 00:01:09,100 --> 00:01:13,700 the Declaration, he wrote the sentence that changed history. 22 00:01:15,000 --> 00:01:18,200 He wrote the most powerful sentence ever written. 23 00:01:18,600 --> 00:01:21,600 That's a hell of a thing to say about somebody, we hold these 24 00:01:21,600 --> 00:01:24,700 truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal. 25 00:01:25,900 --> 00:01:30,900 Yeah, every single revolutionary movement from Jefferson's time 26 00:01:30,900 --> 00:01:33,800 to the present has latched onto that sentence. 27 00:01:34,800 --> 00:01:37,900 Think about that for a second. I'm talking about communist 28 00:01:37,900 --> 00:01:42,600 revolutions gender revolutions. No matter how you want to frame 29 00:01:42,600 --> 00:01:45,100 it up. There's Jefferson standing right 30 00:01:45,100 --> 00:01:49,900 in the middle of all of it. And yet we know for a fact That 31 00:01:49,900 --> 00:01:54,000 he did not free his own slaves and that is an indictment. 32 00:01:54,000 --> 00:01:57,100 There's no question. That's an indictment, but I want 33 00:01:57,100 --> 00:02:00,300 to make this a little more complicated because in one of 34 00:02:00,300 --> 00:02:06,200 Jefferson's letters. He said, slavery in our midst, 35 00:02:06,200 --> 00:02:10,699 is like having a wolf by the ears in the forest. 36 00:02:11,500 --> 00:02:15,200 What do you do? Do you take your hands off the 37 00:02:15,200 --> 00:02:17,800 wolf? Because if you do he'll devour 38 00:02:17,800 --> 00:02:21,100 you or do you keep on holding the wolf? 39 00:02:21,400 --> 00:02:26,000 Because if you do, you'll get tired, you'll let him go and he 40 00:02:26,008 --> 00:02:28,900 will devour you. And that was what Jefferson 41 00:02:28,900 --> 00:02:31,400 thought slavery would yield here? 42 00:02:32,400 --> 00:02:34,200 I get that. That's actually a sensible thing 43 00:02:34,200 --> 00:02:38,100 to believe. Had I been a Slave. 44 00:02:39,700 --> 00:02:41,900 I don't think I could have Let It Go. 45 00:02:43,000 --> 00:02:44,900 I don't think I could have made peace with it. 46 00:02:46,100 --> 00:02:48,900 The way that many if not most slaves did. 47 00:02:50,900 --> 00:02:53,900 It's astonishing to me when I see human beings and their 48 00:02:54,200 --> 00:02:58,500 capacity to forgive, I think about Nelson Mandela in South 49 00:02:58,500 --> 00:03:04,200 Africa, right? The Truth and Reconciliation 50 00:03:04,200 --> 00:03:08,800 Commission where people come and say I did this, they tell the 51 00:03:08,800 --> 00:03:12,000 truth and then they're allowed to leave Guam with their lives. 52 00:03:13,500 --> 00:03:19,000 So Jefferson Constitution. There is a sunset Clause 53 00:03:19,300 --> 00:03:22,600 Congress could legislate, the could not legislate against 54 00:03:22,600 --> 00:03:24,300 slavery until a certain point in time. 55 00:03:24,700 --> 00:03:29,100 Well that certain point point in time turned out to overlap with 56 00:03:29,100 --> 00:03:34,100 Thomas Jefferson's presidency. And on the day, they were able 57 00:03:34,100 --> 00:03:38,200 constitutionally to legislate against slavery. 58 00:03:38,300 --> 00:03:42,300 They did and it hit Thomas Jefferson's Destiny sighted. 59 00:03:43,200 --> 00:03:46,500 That was his goal. He signed the first piece of 60 00:03:46,500 --> 00:03:49,500 anti-slavery legislation that went through the United States, 61 00:03:49,500 --> 00:03:52,100 Congress. We don't remember that about 62 00:03:52,100 --> 00:03:54,000 him. We don't remember that. 63 00:03:54,000 --> 00:03:57,400 He thought it was a losing bet, no matter what, we just blame 64 00:03:57,400 --> 00:04:00,800 him for getting it wrong. On a very meaningful level. 65 00:04:01,800 --> 00:04:03,700 I can forgive him that to a point. 66 00:04:03,700 --> 00:04:05,200 I guess. Maybe you don't forgive it. 67 00:04:05,200 --> 00:04:08,900 You don't overlook it, but you strive to understand it. 68 00:04:11,100 --> 00:04:12,900 And I understand where he was coming from. 69 00:04:13,500 --> 00:04:17,200 There was no way. At a certain point in our 70 00:04:17,200 --> 00:04:21,300 history to even think about freeing all the slaves. 71 00:04:21,300 --> 00:04:25,700 There's just no way it would have cost us what was known as 72 00:04:25,700 --> 00:04:28,100 the unanimous Declaration of Independence, right? 73 00:04:28,200 --> 00:04:31,500 It would have been probably two, maybe three countries instead of 74 00:04:31,500 --> 00:04:33,800 one. And if you ended up there with 75 00:04:33,800 --> 00:04:38,000 slavery ever have been outlawed. Well, it would have taken a lot 76 00:04:38,000 --> 00:04:41,700 longer, and even as it went, it took us a Civil War, the price 77 00:04:41,700 --> 00:04:44,500 we paid in blood for our original sin. 78 00:04:45,800 --> 00:04:47,700 What more can you say about this is? 79 00:04:47,700 --> 00:04:50,300 Just what it was. It was the price we paid in 80 00:04:50,300 --> 00:04:52,300 blood for our original sin. Now. 81 00:04:52,300 --> 00:04:56,300 Niall Ferguson says that yes, there was slavery. 82 00:04:56,300 --> 00:04:58,900 There was terrible. There was Native American mass 83 00:04:58,900 --> 00:05:02,000 murders, very frequently. All of these terrible negative 84 00:05:02,000 --> 00:05:05,400 things that are said about America and the West are the 85 00:05:05,400 --> 00:05:07,400 least original things about the West. 86 00:05:07,400 --> 00:05:10,400 So are we really bringing something to the table to say? 87 00:05:10,700 --> 00:05:12,800 Oh, they were a bunch of racist slave owners. 88 00:05:12,800 --> 00:05:16,500 It's like, okay, everyone. Throughout all of humanity was, 89 00:05:16,500 --> 00:05:20,100 here's where they improved where, I mean, it's hard to 90 00:05:20,100 --> 00:05:23,000 stand on the shoulders of giants when there's not that many 91 00:05:23,000 --> 00:05:27,100 around to stand on. Well, to answer that question in 92 00:05:27,100 --> 00:05:32,400 the most direct way, the way I answer it in the way, answer to 93 00:05:32,400 --> 00:05:35,900 America's harshest critics, who tend to be Americans. 94 00:05:37,200 --> 00:05:39,600 This is what, this is what I have to say to them. 95 00:05:39,800 --> 00:05:42,300 Maybe it'll work for you as well. 96 00:05:42,300 --> 00:05:48,600 I don't know, but the Did states did not invent slavery. 97 00:05:48,900 --> 00:05:57,200 Slavery is actually Mankind's. De facto position we have had 98 00:05:57,200 --> 00:06:01,700 slavery from as far back. As we have records the very 99 00:06:01,700 --> 00:06:06,100 first law code that we have actually it's a little scrap of 100 00:06:06,100 --> 00:06:08,300 a larger law code. What is it about? 101 00:06:08,300 --> 00:06:10,000 How you have to treat your slaves? 102 00:06:10,300 --> 00:06:14,900 So as far as the laws of Nations and times and places all the 103 00:06:14,900 --> 00:06:18,600 laws go they all somehow dealt with slavery. 104 00:06:18,900 --> 00:06:21,500 Now American American slavery was different. 105 00:06:21,500 --> 00:06:25,000 It was chattel slavery. Greek slavery would have been 106 00:06:25,300 --> 00:06:27,900 who conquered, who in the last war. 107 00:06:27,900 --> 00:06:29,900 Right? So you could literally be in at, 108 00:06:29,900 --> 00:06:34,200 in Greece, a princess one day and a slave the next given how 109 00:06:34,200 --> 00:06:37,900 the battle went. So it's not the same animal, 110 00:06:38,100 --> 00:06:40,300 right? But that's interesting to, we've 111 00:06:40,300 --> 00:06:41,900 got all kinds of different slavery. 112 00:06:42,900 --> 00:06:44,800 And okay, fine. Here. 113 00:06:44,800 --> 00:06:48,700 We have the United States with slavery at the founding of 114 00:06:48,700 --> 00:06:51,800 founding dedicated to the proposition that all men are 115 00:06:51,808 --> 00:06:55,100 created equal. That's really bad. 116 00:06:55,600 --> 00:06:59,800 And yet four score and seven years later it was over with. 117 00:07:01,700 --> 00:07:04,300 Think about that. It's the natural fallback 118 00:07:04,300 --> 00:07:09,000 position of the human race for thousands of years. 119 00:07:09,800 --> 00:07:12,500 America, is founded and four score, and seven years later. 120 00:07:12,500 --> 00:07:16,100 It's over. Amazing England, beat us to the 121 00:07:16,100 --> 00:07:19,400 punch by a little bit. So they had done away with 122 00:07:19,400 --> 00:07:23,100 slavery before we did. By the time in England and the 123 00:07:23,100 --> 00:07:25,900 United States do away with it. It's really not safe anywhere. 124 00:07:27,500 --> 00:07:28,700 Where do you find it? Now? 125 00:07:29,200 --> 00:07:32,900 Not the Western World. You don't certainly certainly, 126 00:07:33,500 --> 00:07:36,400 certainly not the institutionalized recognition of 127 00:07:36,400 --> 00:07:37,900 slavery. Of course, there are 128 00:07:37,900 --> 00:07:40,500 kidnappings. There are slave Farms, which I'm 129 00:07:40,500 --> 00:07:43,300 familiar with those, but about the institutionalized 130 00:07:43,300 --> 00:07:46,400 recognition. I remember Camille Foster was on 131 00:07:46,400 --> 00:07:49,600 a panel and there were like, you know, we have to, you know, 132 00:07:49,600 --> 00:07:53,200 recognize America's past with slavery, and he goes, yeah, it's 133 00:07:53,200 --> 00:07:56,100 not really fair to pin slavery on America. 134 00:07:56,200 --> 00:08:00,300 Considering it's about as old as writing and that was just such a 135 00:08:00,308 --> 00:08:03,400 funny way to put it because it's like, yeah, it's like saying, 136 00:08:03,700 --> 00:08:07,600 you know, that Asian steel? Like yes, Asian steel. 137 00:08:07,600 --> 00:08:10,000 But so do whites and blacks and Mexicans. 138 00:08:10,000 --> 00:08:11,600 Why are you just pinning? It on that? 139 00:08:11,600 --> 00:08:14,200 That's just you being intentionally divisive in an 140 00:08:14,200 --> 00:08:17,200 unproductive way. Yeah, but but Asian steel, you 141 00:08:17,200 --> 00:08:22,000 know, you're not bringing anything to the table with. 142 00:08:22,000 --> 00:08:25,100 That's literally, like saying Americans have slaves or America 143 00:08:25,100 --> 00:08:28,100 was racist. Or is racist or institutional 144 00:08:28,100 --> 00:08:33,100 all this nonsense. So, rather fashionable, right? 145 00:08:33,100 --> 00:08:37,000 You know, I meet young people, 14, 15, 16 years old. 146 00:08:37,000 --> 00:08:40,299 I meet them often. And they legitimately think that 147 00:08:40,299 --> 00:08:43,500 the Americans invented the institution of slavery, the 148 00:08:43,500 --> 00:08:45,300 former vice presidential candidate. 149 00:08:45,300 --> 00:08:50,600 Tim Kaine said, when we came to America in Virginia, we brought 150 00:08:50,600 --> 00:08:53,200 over slaves. We didn't inherit slavery. 151 00:08:53,300 --> 00:08:55,800 We invented it. That was Tim Kaine, the former 152 00:08:55,800 --> 00:08:57,200 Vice. Presidential candidate to 153 00:08:57,200 --> 00:09:00,900 Hillary Clinton. So, yeah, I I don't know if I 154 00:09:01,000 --> 00:09:04,100 thought that but I would have been curious to ask be curious 155 00:09:04,100 --> 00:09:08,500 to ask myself in middle school, you know, but you know what? 156 00:09:08,500 --> 00:09:11,800 When did slavery start about 1700s? 157 00:09:11,800 --> 00:09:15,100 I think I would have said. And that's yeah, that's just 158 00:09:15,100 --> 00:09:17,300 incredible. Not because they ever said this 159 00:09:17,300 --> 00:09:21,000 is when it started, it says the thing about America is slavery 160 00:09:21,300 --> 00:09:26,100 and Native American mass murder. It's like what you're implying. 161 00:09:26,300 --> 00:09:29,100 Lying is the unique thing is this? 162 00:09:29,200 --> 00:09:32,200 When as Niall Ferguson correctly says, it's the least unique 163 00:09:32,200 --> 00:09:35,100 thing. Yeah, I think that's exactly 164 00:09:35,100 --> 00:09:37,200 right. And whenever you whenever you 165 00:09:37,200 --> 00:09:41,100 witness base human behavior, you should understand it for what it 166 00:09:41,100 --> 00:09:43,500 is. It's part of human nature and 167 00:09:43,500 --> 00:09:45,900 you see it in one place. You're probably going to see it 168 00:09:45,900 --> 00:09:50,400 in almost every place because human nature is that kind of 169 00:09:50,400 --> 00:09:54,000 thing that it's very difficult to overcome it. 170 00:09:54,300 --> 00:09:56,600 Now. I think we have a number of Ways 171 00:09:56,800 --> 00:09:59,800 throughout human history and when we do, it's to be 172 00:09:59,800 --> 00:10:02,900 celebrated. It's a big deal. 173 00:10:03,300 --> 00:10:06,600 For example, that the United States one day. 174 00:10:07,000 --> 00:10:09,700 I woke up and said we can't do this anymore. 175 00:10:10,600 --> 00:10:14,200 Now, they had a war to sort it out the bloodiest war in human 176 00:10:14,200 --> 00:10:16,900 history until it until it's time. 177 00:10:18,200 --> 00:10:21,800 But look at what had to happen to even have that to have 178 00:10:21,800 --> 00:10:25,200 worried about it yet. Have enough people saying, all 179 00:10:25,200 --> 00:10:28,500 right, it's worth are looking into this and it's worth are 180 00:10:28,500 --> 00:10:33,900 fighting for it. And we really paid a hell of a 181 00:10:33,900 --> 00:10:36,700 price for that. Certainly, the abolitionists 182 00:10:36,700 --> 00:10:40,300 risking their lives. No, not exactly the most popular 183 00:10:40,300 --> 00:10:45,400 thing to talk to people now about holding the wolf by the 184 00:10:45,400 --> 00:10:47,500 ears deciding whether or not to let it go. 185 00:10:47,800 --> 00:10:51,500 What I think of now this might be a whole nother discussion, 186 00:10:51,700 --> 00:10:54,800 but the research I've done and I make the case for this in a 187 00:10:55,100 --> 00:10:58,800 video titled, why they hate us intentionally provocative that, 188 00:10:58,800 --> 00:11:03,200 if you look at the writings of a Of jihadis, the reason they want 189 00:11:03,200 --> 00:11:06,800 to more, or less wage war against the West, is because 190 00:11:07,000 --> 00:11:11,100 since the early 90s, there were terrible sanctions on Iraq, that 191 00:11:11,100 --> 00:11:14,100 killed a large number of civilians. 192 00:11:14,400 --> 00:11:18,600 They then were motivated Bin Laden's 1998, five trois between 193 00:11:18,600 --> 00:11:23,200 that and the alliance with Israel that killed a number of 194 00:11:23,208 --> 00:11:24,800 Muslims that. Well. 195 00:11:24,800 --> 00:11:27,900 This is why we're Waging War against the US so people that 196 00:11:27,900 --> 00:11:30,700 justify a lot of civilians getting killed. 197 00:11:30,800 --> 00:11:34,700 And in the war on terror and not getting much about it, except 198 00:11:34,700 --> 00:11:36,300 more terrorists, that are created. 199 00:11:36,600 --> 00:11:38,300 It's hard to say. Well, yep. 200 00:11:38,300 --> 00:11:41,800 Let's bring them all home. Well, we've pissed off a lot of 201 00:11:41,800 --> 00:11:45,600 people over there. So I mean the fact that today 202 00:11:45,600 --> 00:11:49,100 people justify war and mass murder should make you a little 203 00:11:49,100 --> 00:11:51,700 less uppity about judging Thomas. 204 00:11:51,700 --> 00:11:54,600 Jefferson when, you know, he was at a time where there was still 205 00:11:54,600 --> 00:12:00,800 this conference. Hello everyone. 206 00:12:00,800 --> 00:12:02,700 How are you? Please pull out your Declaration 207 00:12:02,700 --> 00:12:04,600 of Independence. There are some things here. 208 00:12:04,600 --> 00:12:06,300 I think maybe we should talk about that. 209 00:12:06,700 --> 00:12:08,800 So what's the underlying thought? 210 00:12:08,800 --> 00:12:12,200 What's that main thought that goes through this thing and you 211 00:12:12,200 --> 00:12:14,800 know sooner or later somebody's going to say that all men are 212 00:12:14,800 --> 00:12:19,100 equal and that somehow we attach governance to this now. 213 00:12:19,100 --> 00:12:21,000 Say yes, that's exactly right pumpkin. 214 00:12:21,000 --> 00:12:24,500 Good for you. What about the rest of all the 215 00:12:24,500 --> 00:12:28,300 words in here? Why on Earth were were these? 216 00:12:29,000 --> 00:12:32,400 Indictments against King, George separated, right? 217 00:12:32,400 --> 00:12:35,500 After the first two paragraphs, which set it up. 218 00:12:35,700 --> 00:12:38,900 Theoretically, why then do they jump into a laundry list of 219 00:12:38,900 --> 00:12:42,300 complaints against a king that you you probably know nothing 220 00:12:42,300 --> 00:12:46,700 about and then I get dead silence, a dead silence. 221 00:12:46,700 --> 00:12:49,200 And so okay. Maybe we should go back to the 222 00:12:49,200 --> 00:12:51,300 beginning scene. That's the part that everybody's 223 00:12:51,300 --> 00:12:54,200 interested in. How do we get to the point where 224 00:12:54,208 --> 00:12:57,200 we take a slave owners? Seriously when he says, all men 225 00:12:57,200 --> 00:13:00,800 are created equal. That seems a little odd, doesn't 226 00:13:00,800 --> 00:13:02,400 it? And you know people are going to 227 00:13:02,400 --> 00:13:05,100 answer that question in a very typical way and they're going to 228 00:13:05,100 --> 00:13:09,800 tell me what a gruesome Beast Jefferson was at which point 229 00:13:09,800 --> 00:13:11,800 I'll agree with them as well. That's probably right. 230 00:13:11,800 --> 00:13:16,600 But here's what gets really interesting because if you look 231 00:13:16,600 --> 00:13:22,200 at those indictments against the king they go from least serious 232 00:13:22,600 --> 00:13:26,200 to most serious. There's a rank order in that 233 00:13:26,200 --> 00:13:30,900 list and you probably don't know this But Jefferson wrote the 234 00:13:30,900 --> 00:13:34,400 rough draft of the Declaration. It was a piece of committee 235 00:13:34,400 --> 00:13:37,500 work. It was Jefferson and Ben 236 00:13:37,500 --> 00:13:39,500 Franklin and bunch of other guys. 237 00:13:39,500 --> 00:13:42,000 Roger Livingston. There were five of them in any 238 00:13:42,000 --> 00:13:46,200 rate and they decided that Thomas Jefferson then 33 years 239 00:13:46,200 --> 00:13:49,400 old for crying out loud. Should go write the first draft 240 00:13:49,400 --> 00:13:52,800 which he did. But on Jefferson's first draft, 241 00:13:52,800 --> 00:13:54,800 there's a difference of critical difference. 242 00:13:55,300 --> 00:13:59,800 There was a deleted indictment against King George at the very 243 00:13:59,800 --> 00:14:02,800 end of the list, which means it was most important. 244 00:14:03,500 --> 00:14:06,500 And that, delete that deleted indictment, blamed, the 245 00:14:06,500 --> 00:14:09,800 institution of slavery in America, on the king. 246 00:14:11,100 --> 00:14:17,300 And said in no uncertain terms, that slavery was an Abomination. 247 00:14:18,000 --> 00:14:20,300 So here we have a slave owner writing. 248 00:14:20,300 --> 00:14:25,000 A declaration of independence to be given to a King who used the 249 00:14:25,300 --> 00:14:29,300 final slot. The slot for the most terrible, 250 00:14:29,300 --> 00:14:33,900 indictment, against the king. He took his argument there. 251 00:14:35,300 --> 00:14:39,700 So what was he a hypocrite? Yeah, probably. 252 00:14:41,200 --> 00:14:45,000 Was he a genius? Yep, that too. 253 00:14:46,300 --> 00:14:50,300 Did he really? Think that slavery was a 254 00:14:50,300 --> 00:14:54,500 positive good. Clearly he didn't and that's 255 00:14:54,500 --> 00:15:00,100 where we're left. That's where our shared inquiry 256 00:15:00,100 --> 00:15:02,900 begins. We don't end there, we start 257 00:15:02,900 --> 00:15:06,800 there and from here we have to read Jefferson rather. 258 00:15:06,800 --> 00:15:09,400 Charitably. We have to understand the 259 00:15:09,400 --> 00:15:12,500 context in which the Declaration was written and we have to 260 00:15:12,500 --> 00:15:15,000 understand what came next and why. 261 00:15:15,600 --> 00:15:19,700 And when you can get there, Then we'll have some knowledge until 262 00:15:19,700 --> 00:15:30,000 then we do not. From history.com why Thomas 263 00:15:30,000 --> 00:15:34,800 Jefferson's anti-slavery passage was removed from the Declaration 264 00:15:34,900 --> 00:15:39,500 of Independence. This is referring to a 168 word 265 00:15:39,500 --> 00:15:43,100 passage that condemn slavery. As one of the many evils foisted 266 00:15:43,100 --> 00:15:45,900 upon the colonies by the British crown. 267 00:15:46,100 --> 00:15:50,300 What the deleted passage said in his initial draft Jefferson, 268 00:15:50,300 --> 00:15:53,900 blamed, Britain's King George for his role in creating and 269 00:15:53,900 --> 00:15:56,400 perpetuating the transatlantic slave trade. 270 00:15:56,500 --> 00:15:59,800 Which he describes in so many words as a crime against 271 00:15:59,800 --> 00:16:03,100 humanity. He has waged cruel war. 272 00:16:03,400 --> 00:16:06,200 Against human nature itself of violating. 273 00:16:06,200 --> 00:16:11,900 Its most sacred rights to life and Liberty in the person's of a 274 00:16:11,908 --> 00:16:15,300 distant people who never offended him captivating and 275 00:16:15,300 --> 00:16:19,400 carrying them into slavery in another Hemisphere or to incur 276 00:16:19,400 --> 00:16:23,200 miserable death, in their transportation scissor. 277 00:16:25,600 --> 00:16:28,700 Jefferson went on to call the institution of slavery. 278 00:16:29,000 --> 00:16:34,400 Piratical Warfare execrable Commerce and an assemblage of 279 00:16:34,400 --> 00:16:36,500 Horrors. He then criticized the crown for 280 00:16:36,900 --> 00:16:40,700 exciting. Those very people to rise in our 281 00:16:40,700 --> 00:16:44,300 arms against us and to purchase that Liberty of, which he has 282 00:16:44,300 --> 00:16:47,200 deprived them by murdering the people on whom. 283 00:16:47,300 --> 00:16:51,600 He also obtruded them. He thus paying off former 284 00:16:51,600 --> 00:16:54,700 crimes, committed against the Liberties of one people with the 285 00:16:54,700 --> 00:16:57,800 crimes. Which he urges them to commit 286 00:16:57,800 --> 00:17:04,300 against the lives of another. This passage refers to a 1775 287 00:17:04,300 --> 00:17:08,400 Proclamation by Burton's Lord Dunmore which offered freedom to 288 00:17:08,400 --> 00:17:11,700 any enslaved person in the American colonies who 289 00:17:11,700 --> 00:17:14,300 volunteered to serve in the British Army against the 290 00:17:14,300 --> 00:17:17,099 Patriots. Revolt the proclamation inspired 291 00:17:17,099 --> 00:17:20,400 thousands of enslaved people to seek Liberty behind British 292 00:17:20,400 --> 00:17:22,500 lines during the Revolutionary War. 293 00:17:23,099 --> 00:17:27,000 Why was the dick declarations? Anti-slavery passage removed. 294 00:17:27,000 --> 00:17:30,300 The exact circumstances of the passages removal may never be 295 00:17:30,300 --> 00:17:33,500 known the storico. Her doesn't include details of 296 00:17:33,500 --> 00:17:36,000 the debates. Undertaken, by the Second 297 00:17:36,000 --> 00:17:40,600 Continental Congress. What is known, is that the 33 298 00:17:40,600 --> 00:17:43,800 year old Jefferson who composed the Declaration between June 299 00:17:43,800 --> 00:17:48,500 11th and June 28, 1776. Sent a rough draft to members of 300 00:17:48,500 --> 00:17:51,400 the crew select committee, including John Adams, and 301 00:17:51,400 --> 00:17:54,300 Benjamin Franklin. Also, the founder of the 302 00:17:54,300 --> 00:17:59,100 Pennsylvania abolitionist Society for edits ahead of its 303 00:17:59,300 --> 00:18:03,200 presentation to Congress. Between July 1st and July 3rd, 304 00:18:03,600 --> 00:18:08,100 Congressional delegates, debated the document, during which time, 305 00:18:08,300 --> 00:18:12,200 they excised. Jefferson's anti-slavery clause. 306 00:18:14,000 --> 00:18:18,000 The removal was mostly fueled by political and economic 307 00:18:18,000 --> 00:18:21,800 expedience ease while the 13 colonies were already. 308 00:18:21,900 --> 00:18:25,700 Deeply divided on the issue of slavery, both South and North 309 00:18:25,900 --> 00:18:29,700 had Financial stakes. In perpetuating it Southern 310 00:18:29,700 --> 00:18:34,500 plantations, a key engine of the Colonial economy needed, free 311 00:18:34,700 --> 00:18:39,200 labor to produce tobacco cotton and other cash crops for export 312 00:18:39,200 --> 00:18:41,300 back to Europe. It's not free labor. 313 00:18:41,300 --> 00:18:44,600 It still costs a lot. To house clothes and feed. 314 00:18:44,600 --> 00:18:48,300 So the problem is the enslavement not the free part 315 00:18:48,400 --> 00:18:51,100 Northern shipping. Merchants who also played a role 316 00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:55,000 in that economy. Remained dependent on the 317 00:18:55,000 --> 00:19:00,300 Triangle Trade between Europe Africa, and the Americas that 318 00:19:00,300 --> 00:19:04,500 included the traffic in enslaved Africans. 319 00:19:06,500 --> 00:19:09,600 Decades later in his autobiography, Jefferson 320 00:19:09,600 --> 00:19:13,100 primarily blamed to Southern States for the Clauses removal. 321 00:19:13,200 --> 00:19:15,700 While acknowledging the North's role as well. 322 00:19:15,900 --> 00:19:20,600 The claws reprobated, the enslaving the inhabitants of 323 00:19:20,600 --> 00:19:25,100 Africa was struck out in compliance to South Carolina and 324 00:19:25,100 --> 00:19:27,700 Georgia. Who had never attempted to 325 00:19:27,700 --> 00:19:32,100 restrain the importation of slaves and who on the contrary 326 00:19:32,400 --> 00:19:34,900 still wish to continue it. Our northern brother. 327 00:19:35,000 --> 00:19:38,400 Aaron also, I believe felt a little tender under these 328 00:19:38,400 --> 00:19:43,700 sensors for though, their people have very few slaves themselves 329 00:19:44,000 --> 00:19:45,700 yet. They had been pretty 330 00:19:45,800 --> 00:19:49,300 considerable carriers of them to others. 331 00:19:50,700 --> 00:19:54,900 Jefferson's anti-slavery actions, you know that. 332 00:19:54,900 --> 00:19:58,300 Nobody wishes more ardently to see an abolition, not only of 333 00:19:58,300 --> 00:20:02,100 the trade, but of the condition of slavery and certainly, nobody 334 00:20:02,400 --> 00:20:05,300 will be more willing to encounter every sacrifice for 335 00:20:05,300 --> 00:20:08,300 that object. Thomas Jefferson to brusett, 336 00:20:08,300 --> 00:20:13,400 Dewar, Ville, February 11th, 1788 early in his public, life. 337 00:20:13,400 --> 00:20:16,000 Jefferson was one of the first Statesman anywhere to take 338 00:20:16,000 --> 00:20:20,200 action to end slavery in 1778. He introduced. 339 00:20:20,400 --> 00:20:23,900 Virginia law prohibiting the importation of enslaved. 340 00:20:23,900 --> 00:20:27,900 Africans in 1784. He proposed a ban on slavery in 341 00:20:27,900 --> 00:20:34,400 Northwest Territory new lands ceded by the British in 1783 in 342 00:20:34,400 --> 00:20:38,500 notes on the state of Virginia published in 1785. 343 00:20:38,700 --> 00:20:43,800 He proposed a plan of gradual emancipation, but after 1785 344 00:20:44,100 --> 00:20:47,900 still holding his belief in the Injustice of slavery. 345 00:20:48,000 --> 00:20:54,200 He was publicly Island. The ACT prohibiting the 346 00:20:54,200 --> 00:20:58,700 importation of slaves of 1807 is a United States federal law that 347 00:20:58,700 --> 00:21:02,700 provided No, New Slaves, were permitted to be imported into 348 00:21:02,700 --> 00:21:05,800 the United States. It took effect on January 1st, 349 00:21:05,900 --> 00:21:10,300 1808, the earliest date permitted by the United States 350 00:21:10,300 --> 00:21:12,800 Constitution. This legislation promoted by 351 00:21:12,800 --> 00:21:16,000 President, Thomas Jefferson who called for its enactment in his 352 00:21:16,000 --> 00:21:18,200 1806, State of the Union Address. 353 00:21:18,500 --> 00:21:22,200 He had promoted the idea since the 1770s it reflected. 354 00:21:22,600 --> 00:21:25,700 The force of the general Trend towards abolishing the 355 00:21:25,700 --> 00:21:30,200 international slave trade, which Virginia followed by all the 356 00:21:30,200 --> 00:21:33,400 other states had prohibited or restricted since then South 357 00:21:33,400 --> 00:21:36,500 Carolina. However had reopened its trade 358 00:21:36,500 --> 00:21:40,000 Congress, first regulated against the trade in the slave 359 00:21:40,000 --> 00:21:45,600 trade Act of 1794. The 1794 act ended the legality 360 00:21:45,600 --> 00:21:49,800 of American ships participating in the trade, the 1807, law did 361 00:21:49,800 --> 00:21:53,800 not change that. It made all In from above broad, 362 00:21:54,000 --> 00:21:56,400 even on foreign ships a federal crime. 363 00:21:56,600 --> 00:22:00,300 The British Parliament had passed the comparable abolition 364 00:22:00,400 --> 00:22:05,400 of the slave trade act on February 23rd. 1807, achieving 365 00:22:05,400 --> 00:22:09,000 Royal assent on March 25th, 1807. 366 00:22:09,200 --> 00:22:12,900 The domestic slave trade within the US was not affected by the 367 00:22:12,900 --> 00:22:15,700 1807 law. Indeed with the illegal supply 368 00:22:15,700 --> 00:22:19,800 of imported slaves, terminated the domestic trade increased in 369 00:22:19,800 --> 00:22:22,000 importance, in addition, some smuggling. 370 00:22:22,300 --> 00:22:26,900 Of slaves. Persisted Here is the Thomas 371 00:22:26,900 --> 00:22:31,100 Jefferson State of the Union Address December 2nd 1806. 372 00:22:32,900 --> 00:22:36,200 I congratulate you fellow citizens on the approach of the 373 00:22:36,200 --> 00:22:40,000 period at which you may interpose your authority 374 00:22:40,000 --> 00:22:43,400 constitutionally to withdraw, the citizens of the United 375 00:22:43,400 --> 00:22:46,600 States from all further, participation, in those 376 00:22:46,700 --> 00:22:51,100 violations of human rights, which have so long continued on 377 00:22:51,100 --> 00:22:57,300 the unoffending inhabitants of Eka and which the morality the 378 00:22:57,300 --> 00:23:00,600 reputation and the best interests of our country have 379 00:23:00,600 --> 00:23:02,900 long been eager to prescribe.