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Welcome to the next episode of 
the SAP Learning Insights 

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Podcast. 
I am your host David Chaviano, 

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together with Doctor Clemens 
Manor. 

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Today we're going to be talking 
about ABAP. 

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A few of you out there have 
probably heard of it. 

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I'm sure I have. 
And what is it? 

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What is it used for and how can 
I learn it? 

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So before we go into it, we 
always have to welcome our 

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guests. 
So welcome to the podcast, 

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Clemens. 
At the start of every podcast, 

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we want to get our heroes origin
story. 

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Tell us a little bit about 
yourself, your professional 

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background, academic origins. 
How did you get started? 

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SAP, Hi. 
Everyone. 

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Well, my story with ABAP starts 
in the 1990s when I studied 

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physics in Heidelberg. 
Most of you will know Heidelberg

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is not far from Waldorf SA PS 
headquarters and at the time SAP

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was growing a lot and 
desperately looking for new 

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employees and as real 
programmers, trained programmers

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were scare on on the market. 
They took all kinds of academics

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and many physicists were among 
those and saw many friends, 

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fellow students, university 
staff even leave Heidelberg 

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University and starting a career
at SAP. 

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So a few years later, that was 
not the time when I actually 

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joined SAP. 
It was a bit a few years later 

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when I realized that there is a 
life outside of academics. 

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And so I started as developer at
SAP working with ABAP our topic 

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today. 
OK, very cool. 

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And with your background in in 
physics, would you say that 

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maybe that mentality or the 
thought processes involved in 

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understanding the concepts of 
physics was well fitted to the 

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technology sector? 
Yes, I would think so. 

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It's all about solving problems 
and it's problem solving skills 

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that you learn most when you do 
scientific study, especially in 

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physics. 
And so this helped me a lot in 

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solving technology problems, 
solving software problems, OK. 

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So you started at SAP as an ABAP
developer then or a general 

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developer or sort of what what 
language are you going in? 

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ABAP. 
It was ABAP. 

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Application development in SAP 
was mostly ABAP at the time. 

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There was a Java as a new 
alternative programming language

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pouring in and fading out later,
but most of the application 

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development at the time was 
ABAP. 

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OK. 
All right. 

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I got it. 
And at SAP approached you or you

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approached SAP, I'm wondering 
how did you get introduced to 

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ABAP yourself? 
How did you learn it and then 

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get hired? 
So what was that process like? 

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It was the other way round. 
I got hired and then I learned 

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ABAP. 
OK. 

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So they hired me and not me 
alone. 

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There were lots of new employees
who and if the intention was 

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that we do ABAP programming, 
they sent us to a training 

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program where we learned it from
scrap. 

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OK, understood. 
So you learned ABAP from scratch

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at the beginning of your SAP 
career. 

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You've been working with ABAP 
ever since you've started at 

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SAP. 
So I think there is no better 

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qualified person to ask this 
very simple question. 

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What is ABAP? 
Yeah, Well, maybe I I should. 

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Before I answer that, I should 
mention that I'm not a 

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programmer anymore. 
Well, not in the literal sense. 

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In the training department, I 
teach ABBA to new employees, to 

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partners, to customers, to 
everyone who wants to learn ABBA

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programming. 
I do that for almost 20 years 

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now. 
So that's my profession today. 

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So yes, I should be able to 
explain what other is, because 

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that's the first question in in 
our basic training. 

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Well, people don't ask it if if 
they come to the training, they 

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have a rough idea what it is. 
They know it is a programming 

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language. 
They know it is a programming 

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language that was invented at 
SAP for SA PS own application 

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programming and that it is used 
still by Sapa lot but also by 

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partners by customers to build 
add-ons or to build customer 

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specific applications on the SAP
system. 

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OK. 
So it's something that's 

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exclusive to SAP and SA PS 
ecosystem. 

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How would you say it, it differs
from other programming languages

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out there? 
Is it more difficult, more 

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complex, more niche in terms of 
learning, applying it, that sort

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of thing? 
Well, the main difference is the

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platform. 
You only can program ABAP on SAP

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ABAP platform. 
In the past, it was an ABAP 

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system, so you had to buy a 
license for an SAP product to do

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ABAP programming. 
Nowadays we also have cloud 

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solutions, most of all the ABAP 
environment in the SAP Business 

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Technology platform, where you 
can do ABAP programming, but yet

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you cannot just start doing ABAP
programming locally on your 

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computer. 
That's the main difference to 

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other programming languages. 
OK, understood. 

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What exactly is it used for? 
Could you help us with some 

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examples on how ABAP is applied 
in the practical world? 

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Well, that also changed over the
years. 

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In the past, ABAP was used a lot
to build reports that say 

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programs with a screen where you
select some data. 

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You enter, let's say a region or
a country or a department, 

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anything like that. 
And you execute the report that 

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then you get a list of of data, 
like for example, your revenues 

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in region distributed by country
or a list of employees working 

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for a department with their 
annual salary, all, all kinds of

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evaluation of data. 
Those were those reports. 

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They were built with the ABAP 
programming language. 

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Then ABAP was used a lot for, we
called it transactions. 

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That's a bit more flexible 
dialogue programs where you 

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enter new data for a database, 
like for example in new sales 

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order or you create a new 
employee, things like that. 

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So the whole dialogue logic was 
also done in ABAP. 

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Those are old passioned 
technologies and we do not well 

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you still can use them in on 
premise system. 

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That's a system we call when you
where you buy the license and 

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you install the SAP system on 
your own machine. 

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But in the cloud we don't do not
use these old technologies 

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anymore. 
We work with different 

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approaches with old data 
services for those who know 

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about those. 
And then the the front and the 

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user dialogue is done outside of
the ABAP world. 

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ABAP is used to develop the back
end, the service for user 

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dialogues but also for AP is 
that means not a user 

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communicating with a computer, 
but a computer communicating 

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with a computer. 
So that's what we do in ABAP. 

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OK. 
And maybe just a question on the

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origins of ABAP. 
I'm assuming it predated any 

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other language that can do the 
things that it could do. 

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So that's sort of the reason why
SAP had to come up with its own 

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language. 
But would that be the why ABAB 

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was created? 
There is no other languages out 

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there that that could basically 
do what what SAP was trying to 

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do at the time. 
Well, I wasn't around when they 

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decided to come up with their 
own programming language, but 

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that's what I assume that the 
languages that were there did 

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not. 
None of those did perfectly fit 

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the requirements SAP, the 
founders of SAP, the people who 

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were there in the 1980s, had for
a programming language to use, 

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so they came up with their own. 
OK, a both move. 

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So going into the day-to-day 
ABAP, it's changed quite a bit I

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guess with time as things have 
progressed, but still used, what

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sort of people are still using 
it? 

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Could you like name some of the 
titles of of people who still 

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use ABAP on the day-to-day and 
what they do with it? 

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Well, the software developers, 
programmers, our support 

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departments, they have to 
provide support for the code 

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that is written in ABAP. 
So what they have to understand 

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to read the code, make 
corrections to the existing ABAP

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code. 
That's people inside SAP working

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with ABAP. 
There are lots of people outside

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of SAP working with ABAP. 
There are partners who build 

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add-ons for SAP systems in ABAP 
which they then offer to SA PS 

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customers, so providing 
functionality that's not part of

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the SAP core. 
And there are customers using 

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ABAP to build their own 
applications, extending the SAP 

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software with logic, with 
functionality those customers 

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want to see there in addition. 
And they do their own, their 

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completely own programs as well.
So in the past they did a lot of

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reports. 
Some customers still do, if 

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they're still working with the 
traditional SAP products and in 

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the new products they more and 
more do reports or a dialogue 

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programs with the new 
technologies I just mentioned. 

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OK. 
So a keyword new technologies 

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and one could infer that ALAP is
being used less due to new 

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technological developments. 
So specifically from the 

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perspective of a new person 
who's approaching SAP and trying

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to figure out what they want to 
do within the ecosystem, is it 

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worth it for a net new person 
joining the SP ecosystem, 

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specifically somebody maybe with
a computer science background, 

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somebody who's interested in 
being a developer, Is it worth a

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a brand new developer going into
this ecosystem to, to Start 

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learning with ABAP? 
Yes, I, I, I would think so, 

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being an ABAP trainer, I have to
say that. 

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But but apart from that, I still
think ABAP is a very important 

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part of software development 
inside SAP. 

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Our flagship product S for HANA 
is on the ABAP stack, and most 

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of the application software is 
developed in the ABAP 

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programming language. 
So if you're going that 

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direction, ABAP is a must. 
OK. 

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And if you know ABAP, then 
you're the person who's who A, 

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for example, an implementation 
team is going to go to build an 

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extension or customize the 
application in some way that 

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fits a customer better, 
hopefully using those clean core

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principles. 
Well, we have extension 

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techniques in place that do not 
require a developer. 

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There are different ways to 
extend an application that is 

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written in ABAP. 
There are key user extensibility

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just dropping dropping keywords 
here, but there is the developer

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extensibility as well. 
Some things can be achieved with

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the key user extensibility with 
INACT extensibility, but some 

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things can't. 
And then the developer 

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extensibility has to be used, 
and that's something that 

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involves another. 
Developer. 

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OK, understood. 
So I imagine, and forgive my 

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ignorance here as I'm not a 
developer, I'm imagining sort of

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the most complex or the most 
complicated sort of 

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extensibility. 
Such scenario would probably 

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need the ABAP developer and the 
quote UN quote. 

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Simpler ones would not need it. 
Yes, you can put it like that. 

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OK, so I'm going to go a step 
further and say the ABAP 

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developer is a superhero and the
Cape coming into a situation to 

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solve a problem that nobody else
could probably solve, right? 

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I like that picture, all right. 
I like it very much. 

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All right, so back to the like 
the beginner, like the beginner 

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who's looking at everything they
could possibly learn or, or, or 

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role they could choose within 
the SAP ecosystem. 

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Is there a concern about market 
saturation for this language? 

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So I'm, I'm imagining it's been 
around for a while. 

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ABOP has been around for a 
while. 

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A lot of people know it already.
This is not necessarily 

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something that's going to be a 
differentiator to get your job. 

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It's sort of maybe a 
prerequisite that everybody 

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already has. 
And then you just need to build 

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up on that after you you've 
basically learned ABOP. 

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Is that accurate? 
It's interesting. 

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I'm I'm asking myself the same 
question for many years now, 

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doing ABAP trainings for 20 
years, I have trained lots of 

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people and together with my 
colleagues, it was in the 10s of

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thousands, hundreds of thousands
people, we trained in ABAP and I

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sometimes wondered, is there 
still space out there for ABAP 

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developers? 
Is there still enough to do for 

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ABAP developers? 
But I think yes, because there 

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is fluctuation that people going
to retirement being replaced by 

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new hires who do their work and 
to need ABAP knowledge. 

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And on the other hand, ABAP is a
language that evolves a lot. 

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I already mentioned things were 
completely different 20 years 

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ago when I started being an ABAP
trainer. 

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We teach completely new things. 
ABAP has been reinvented several

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times and therefore people need 
to learn the new ways of ABAP 

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and come to our trainings. 
OK, got it. 

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But as I'm still surprised that 
we get so many people who start 

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with ABAP, not only young people
coming from the university, but 

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there are also more experienced 
people having experience with 

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SAP who decided, well, I think I
need to learn ABAP to understand

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it all better or I want to 
change, go to another direction 

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within our company. 
OK, so keywords start. 

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How difficult is ABAP to learn? 
Is this something you could 

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learn as a first programming 
language? 

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Or should a newbie start with 
something else like Python or or

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or something along those lines? 
If you have never learned any 

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programming language, I think 
programming languages like 

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Python or Java are easier to 
start with simply because you 

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don't need the dedicated 
infrastructure, the dedicated 

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platform to get going. 
OK. 

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It's not so much a question of 
the programming language, it's 

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more like the the 
infrastructure. 

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OK, understood. 
So you would assuming the 

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infrastructure was was there, 
that the level of difficulty 

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would be equivalent to maybe 
Java, just purely focused on 

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the. 
Language difficult question. 

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This brings us brings us to 
another problem with the ABAP 

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programming language. 
I said ABAP is evolving or has 

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been evolved over the years and 
there came new concepts and new 

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ideas and new syntax elements. 
The problem with ABAP is that 

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the old concepts did not go 
away, so they are still there. 

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So it's a huge variety of 
syntax, elements, statements, 

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expressions, which could be a 
bit overwhelming for someone who

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has never done any any software 
development. 

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Programming OK. 
Again, there is a kind of a 

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problem here, but if you have a 
good training class where you 

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only get taught one of the 
concepts to do something and not

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all 567 variations, then you 
could Start learning programming

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with ABAP. 
OK. 

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And in terms of learning 
strategies, you, you, you 

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mentioned that a language is 
always evolving and I, I find it

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to be quite intimidating, 
especially from a beginner's 

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perspective because you're just 
trying to grasp get a hang on to

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like the basic stuff already and
the stuff you're holding on like

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trying to learn is, is changing 
at the same time. 

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What would you say are some some
learning strategies for people 

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who are nude to learning 
programming languages in 

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general? 
Just not necessarily ABAP, but 

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just trying to get wrap their 
head around the basic principles

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of programming. 
When we design our training 

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classes, we at least try to keep
that in mind and not to put too 

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many things into the beginning 
classes. 

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So in the beginning classes, we 
try to focus on the essentials 

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and the most important things 
and then the old possibilities 

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and the latest possibilities. 
They come in later classes. 

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So starting ABAP, if you have 
some experience with programming

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in another programming language,
then I recommend to go to 

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learning.sap.com and look for 
the acquiring core ABAP skills 

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learning journey. 
Acquiring core ABAP skills 

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learning journey, and that's the
path to learn ABAP. 

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It leads up to certification. 
So you're certified ABAP 

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developer when you've done that 
learning journey. 

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And that's the way I recommend 
to start ABAP learning or come 

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to our training classes. 
OK, so prerequisite would 

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definitely be some some 
experience with Java or Python 

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before so you understand the 
basic principles of computer 

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science. 
Move on to AB up from there. 

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You can do that for free 
learning.sap.com. 

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But you did mention there are 
sort of the infrastructure 

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requirements. 
So the practical exercises would

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need to be on SAP Learning 
System Access I assume, right? 

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Yes, but that's with SAPBTP, the
business technology platform. 

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That's easier to come by than 
ever because on the business 

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technology platform you can 
simply create trial account and 

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in this trial account you can 
deploy an ABAP instance, connect

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to the ABAP instance and start 
doing the ABAP development. 

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OK, understood. 
And for everybody that's maybe a

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bit overwhelmed by all this, 
we'll try to get this all into 

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the show notes so you know where
to go. 

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So you have a nice list of URLs 
to go to. 

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And in terms of, again, going to
perspective of somebody who's 

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making the decision to learn 
ABAP, what would you say is the 

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outlook for the language? 
Do you see any implications for 

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it, good or not so good with the
emergence of AI or large 

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language models? 
Well, the outlook, when I 

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started doing ABAP, there were 
people who seriously asked me, 

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why do you start doing ABAP 
programming? 

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ABAP will be replaced by Java 
and in in the near future or in 

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a few years, no one at SAP will 
do any ABAP programming 

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anywhere. 
ABAP is dead. 

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It was a slogan that's well over
20 years ago. 

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That was more than 20 years ago 
that people told me ABAP is dead

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or is going to die. 
And I heard that ever since it 

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came in waves and look where we 
are. 

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ABAP is still alive and ABAP is 
used in many SAP products and it

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has its place and I think ABAP 
will be around for many, many 

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years. 
All right, so have No Fear when 

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new people out there, you Start 
learning ABAP there, there's 

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going to be work for you at the 
other end of your learning 

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00:20:33,120 --> 00:20:35,240
journey. 
Yeah, absolutely not. 

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Don't believe the people who say
ABAP is dead. 

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00:20:38,000 --> 00:20:41,400
All right, so far we've gotten 
quite a good education on what 

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00:20:41,400 --> 00:20:44,600
ABAP's all about, where it came 
from, how long it's been around.

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00:20:45,280 --> 00:20:48,320
I I want to maybe pick your 
brain for some final words of 

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00:20:48,320 --> 00:20:51,680
wisdom for our listeners, 
specifically the ones who are 

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either starting or maybe in the 
middle of their learning journey

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on ABAP, if you could give them 
some words of encouragement or 

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share some of your wisdom. 
Oh, that's a difficult question.

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I think ABAP is cool. 
I'm still fascinated by the 

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concepts that are in ABAP. 
I'm fascinated by its stability 

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and by the way it is evolved 
further. 

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People are now working on AI 
integration into the ABAP 

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00:21:24,080 --> 00:21:29,000
development so that you can use 
artificial intelligence to do 

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00:21:29,000 --> 00:21:33,640
the tedious, tiresome parts of 
the programming. 

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So you can focus on the concept,
on the design and actually 

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00:21:39,400 --> 00:21:43,480
typing the code, writing down 
the code, artificial 

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00:21:43,480 --> 00:21:47,600
intelligence, that's for you. 
That's a very fascinating thing 

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00:21:47,920 --> 00:21:51,160
and I'm looking forward to see 
more of that happening. 

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00:21:51,520 --> 00:21:54,240
OK, So AI is definitely going to
be a friend and assistant for 

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00:21:54,240 --> 00:21:57,360
everybody who's learning and 
applying up, up and don't 

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00:21:57,360 --> 00:22:02,400
hesitate to embrace it. 
All right, very cool and hope we

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00:22:02,400 --> 00:22:04,320
stay in contact, claimants. 
And maybe we had to do a follow 

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00:22:04,320 --> 00:22:08,800
up episode when we see some of 
those advancements arise in the 

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00:22:08,800 --> 00:22:12,400
horizon as those developments 
approach us in the timeline. 

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Appreciate your time claimants 
and sharing your wisdom and your

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00:22:16,240 --> 00:22:18,080
knowledge and all your 
experience. 

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Thanks for being on the show. 
Thanks for having me. 

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And thanks to everybody for 
listening. 

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00:22:22,960 --> 00:22:24,080
Bye and goodbye.
