1 00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:02,240 Welcome, Elon. Let's talk rockets. 2 00:00:03,880 --> 00:00:06,800 All right. Let's talk really big rockets, 3 00:00:07,240 --> 00:00:08,760 Okay. Let me take you guys back in 4 00:00:08,760 --> 00:00:13,600 time a little bit. 15 years ago, I think it was a week past, 5 00:00:14,440 --> 00:00:17,040 SpaceX successfully, on its fourth attempt, launched the 6 00:00:17,040 --> 00:00:20,240 Falcon One to space to orbit. And I think it carried, if I'm 7 00:00:20,240 --> 00:00:25,240 correct, 165 kilogram payload today you're up. 8 00:00:25,560 --> 00:00:29,040 Go ahead. It was just a test payload on 9 00:00:29,040 --> 00:00:32,240 the 4th floor, so no actual satellite because the 1st 3 10 00:00:32,240 --> 00:00:34,480 launches unfortunately have failed, though we didn't want to 11 00:00:34,480 --> 00:00:39,400 risk that was launched with with natural satellite, but we're 12 00:00:39,400 --> 00:00:42,680 very happy to have launched A Malaysian satellite on the 5th 13 00:00:42,680 --> 00:00:46,280 launch of Falcon One. Yeah, fantastic. 14 00:00:46,280 --> 00:00:48,520 So let me make the contrast today. 15 00:00:48,760 --> 00:00:51,840 You're preparing for the second launch of Starship, which has 16 00:00:51,840 --> 00:00:57,150 the ability to ability to launch up to up to 150 metric tons in a 17 00:00:57,150 --> 00:01:00,310 reusable configuration. If I'm doing the math and you're 18 00:01:00,310 --> 00:01:04,870 better than this and me 900 times the capability, roughly a 19 00:01:04,870 --> 00:01:08,510 Falcon one and I get. A Falcon One looks like a 20 00:01:08,510 --> 00:01:12,310 child's toy by comparison. It's a it's a staggering 21 00:01:12,310 --> 00:01:15,310 achievement, what you've done in 15 years and all the team at 22 00:01:15,310 --> 00:01:19,870 SpaceX, I think we're all just in awe of how fast that progress 23 00:01:19,870 --> 00:01:23,380 has been made and to pioneer reusability for orbital launch 24 00:01:23,380 --> 00:01:26,860 systems is, I think, something to be tremendously proud of, 25 00:01:26,860 --> 00:01:30,220 both for you and the team. There it stands, this vehicle 26 00:01:30,220 --> 00:01:33,420 now, I think something like almost 400 feet tall, roughly 27 00:01:33,420 --> 00:01:36,780 over 120 meters. It's a massive Starship 28 00:01:36,780 --> 00:01:40,180 spacecraft and super heavy rocket, itself collectively 29 00:01:40,180 --> 00:01:43,660 known as Starship, and it produces more thrust than the 30 00:01:43,860 --> 00:01:47,900 SLS system, the Saturn 5 and Rush's old N1 rocket. 31 00:01:47,900 --> 00:01:51,230 Is that correct? Yes the the current version of 32 00:01:51,230 --> 00:01:54,870 this of the Starship produces just over twice the thrust of 33 00:01:54,870 --> 00:01:58,910 Saturn 5 and with the upgrades that have we have in the works 34 00:01:58,910 --> 00:02:01,670 it'll do about three times the the thrust. 35 00:02:01,670 --> 00:02:05,830 SO75 in in the sort of auditorial system would have 36 00:02:05,830 --> 00:02:07,470 been seven and a half million pounds of thrust. 37 00:02:07,870 --> 00:02:13,390 We're we're at about 16 right now and we with with future 38 00:02:13,390 --> 00:02:16,270 engine upgrades we'll take that to about £20 million of thrust. 39 00:02:16,910 --> 00:02:19,390 Amazing. Simply amazing. 40 00:02:19,720 --> 00:02:22,760 So I know you guys have said you learned a lot from the April 41 00:02:22,760 --> 00:02:25,000 17th from this first launch attempt. 42 00:02:25,480 --> 00:02:27,200 There's been some upgrades to the vehicle. 43 00:02:27,200 --> 00:02:29,880 I think it's it's a Booster 9 now that you're launching with 44 00:02:30,400 --> 00:02:33,680 Ship 25, is that correct, geeking out the numbers? 45 00:02:33,720 --> 00:02:35,160 Yeah, the kids that follow online. 46 00:02:36,560 --> 00:02:39,440 These numbers are are maybe a little. 47 00:02:40,600 --> 00:02:44,320 It's not quite the 21st, 1st booster, because what would 48 00:02:44,320 --> 00:02:48,320 happen is we would redesign the we would make a new design. 49 00:02:48,900 --> 00:02:52,420 And then we'd actually scrap units that were in progress. 50 00:02:53,220 --> 00:02:57,420 So it's, it's 25. It sounds like we're both 25 51 00:02:57,740 --> 00:02:59,460 years, but we haven't actually built 25 units. 52 00:02:59,460 --> 00:03:06,660 We're both probably about 12. So a lot and yeah, so so but the 53 00:03:06,660 --> 00:03:10,500 way you think we really is that this is, this is a flight 2 and 54 00:03:11,220 --> 00:03:13,940 has a number of upgrades on both the ship side and the booster 55 00:03:13,940 --> 00:03:17,060 side. We've done a lot more for with 56 00:03:17,260 --> 00:03:19,800 with engine isolation. Which is incredibly important. 57 00:03:21,440 --> 00:03:24,000 We've tried to draw as many lessons as possible from the 58 00:03:24,400 --> 00:03:28,200 Soviet Anwan rockets, which was probably the closest in design 59 00:03:28,240 --> 00:03:33,280 to Starship. I believe it had 29 N K33 60 00:03:33,280 --> 00:03:38,360 engines are called correctly and there was a very quite high 61 00:03:38,360 --> 00:03:43,280 thrust rockets and there unfortunately I think actually 62 00:03:43,280 --> 00:03:45,680 the rocket on on all things considered was was a great 63 00:03:45,680 --> 00:03:48,650 design. But I did not receive sufficient 64 00:03:48,650 --> 00:03:51,010 ground testing, so I never never made it to always. 65 00:03:52,450 --> 00:03:54,770 But that would have been the sort of the closest probably 66 00:03:54,770 --> 00:04:00,290 parallel to to Starship. The the the really the biggest 67 00:04:00,290 --> 00:04:02,650 difference, the most fundamental difference of Starship is that 68 00:04:02,650 --> 00:04:05,930 it is designed to be fully reusable with both the booster 69 00:04:05,970 --> 00:04:11,490 and the ship or the both the first and second stage be are 70 00:04:11,490 --> 00:04:14,010 designed to be fully and rapidly reusable. 71 00:04:14,490 --> 00:04:18,180 So that so. Well, a truly profound 72 00:04:18,180 --> 00:04:22,620 revolution in Master Olbridge. You have to have. 73 00:04:23,780 --> 00:04:29,620 I call it the Four. The Four R's reusable, reliable 74 00:04:29,620 --> 00:04:33,620 rockets. RRRRI. 75 00:04:33,660 --> 00:04:36,020 Love it. You're pirated RR everybody give 76 00:04:36,020 --> 00:04:40,260 me an RR all. Right, So what does what does 77 00:04:40,260 --> 00:04:42,500 success look like for this flight? 78 00:04:42,500 --> 00:04:44,100 Number 2, what does success look like for you? 79 00:04:44,100 --> 00:04:49,250 What are you trying to achieve? Well I I do want to set 80 00:04:49,250 --> 00:04:56,810 expectations well not too high so there's there's there's a 81 00:04:56,810 --> 00:05:00,530 transmount new technology in this rocket we are we we have 82 00:05:00,530 --> 00:05:03,530 actually changed the entire stage separation system from 83 00:05:06,290 --> 00:05:10,970 something that was I don't know how to describe this but but 84 00:05:11,050 --> 00:05:15,640 but. Kind of a a a just just a 85 00:05:15,760 --> 00:05:18,880 rotation and flip we're we're trying we're trying to move to a 86 00:05:18,880 --> 00:05:21,960 passive stage step system where you don't have pushers 87 00:05:22,040 --> 00:05:26,600 essentially in in the to try to eliminate parts. 88 00:05:27,240 --> 00:05:32,080 There's no pushes, no interest stage like Falcon Nine has and 89 00:05:34,280 --> 00:05:37,920 with, with with with Splite too. We're actually trying to do hot 90 00:05:37,920 --> 00:05:42,830 stage, so. So, so hot staging would would 91 00:05:42,830 --> 00:05:47,310 mean that we light the the ship or other stage engines while the 92 00:05:47,390 --> 00:05:49,950 boost engines are still partially thrusting. 93 00:05:50,030 --> 00:05:53,750 So we throttle down and shut down most of the booster 94 00:05:53,750 --> 00:05:56,790 engines. Then we light the the ship 95 00:05:56,790 --> 00:06:00,390 engines and there's there's a bent area which looks comically 96 00:06:00,390 --> 00:06:06,350 small actually, which hopefully is not because you're you're 97 00:06:06,470 --> 00:06:09,670 you're essentially blasting the top of the booster with the 98 00:06:09,670 --> 00:06:14,420 ship. Now this is actually from a 99 00:06:14,420 --> 00:06:16,860 physics standpoint the most efficient way to do stage 100 00:06:16,860 --> 00:06:21,620 separation and the Soviets I believe the Russians made 101 00:06:22,180 --> 00:06:29,260 extensive use of of hot staging and but but of course this is 102 00:06:29,260 --> 00:06:32,060 the first time we're doing it So I would say that's that's the 103 00:06:32,060 --> 00:06:38,500 riskiest part of the flight full flight 2 and if if, if the if 104 00:06:38,500 --> 00:06:42,960 the engines likes and the ship. Doesn't blow itself up during 105 00:06:42,960 --> 00:06:46,600 stage though then I think we've got a decent chance to reach the 106 00:06:46,600 --> 00:06:52,280 orbit. Now technically it's it's a it's 107 00:06:52,280 --> 00:06:55,640 a scooch below orbit because it's it's going to do almost a 108 00:06:55,640 --> 00:06:58,960 complete Circuit of the Earth, but then bash down somewhere, 109 00:06:58,960 --> 00:07:04,120 somewhere in the Pacific, just off the coast of Hawaii, because 110 00:07:04,320 --> 00:07:09,360 the the ship is designed to reenter and has a has a heat 111 00:07:09,360 --> 00:07:12,840 shield. So we we we want to make Now we 112 00:07:12,880 --> 00:07:15,560 we don't know if this we think it will work, but we aren't sure 113 00:07:15,560 --> 00:07:17,120 if it will work. So if it doesn't work, we want 114 00:07:17,120 --> 00:07:21,400 it to not work over the Pacific, which is a very large body of 115 00:07:21,400 --> 00:07:25,880 water with almost no people on it. 116 00:07:27,920 --> 00:07:29,720 Excellent target, Excellent target. 117 00:07:29,880 --> 00:07:32,400 Yeah, exactly. I mean, I always think it's 118 00:07:32,400 --> 00:07:36,480 funny if you people call Earth Earth, because Earth is water. 119 00:07:37,720 --> 00:07:43,440 Earth is 70% water. And if you take a, a, a, you 120 00:07:43,440 --> 00:07:48,480 know the, the an actual round version of the Earth, not not a 121 00:07:48,480 --> 00:07:53,040 mercantile projection, but at the globe and you center it on 122 00:07:53,040 --> 00:07:55,000 the Pacific, it just looks like water. 123 00:07:56,360 --> 00:07:58,120 It's it's it's like, where's the land? 124 00:07:58,920 --> 00:08:01,960 So anyway, this this is quite helpful when you're doing 125 00:08:01,960 --> 00:08:05,240 experimental rocket flights. So how many more test flights 126 00:08:05,240 --> 00:08:07,600 are coming up, and when do you think you're going to try to 127 00:08:07,600 --> 00:08:11,500 catch Starship on a tower? With the With that giant 128 00:08:11,500 --> 00:08:17,500 Mercazilla. Listen, I saw Congress's 129 00:08:17,500 --> 00:08:19,820 Gogzilla and dust got gave gave me the idea. 130 00:08:22,660 --> 00:08:25,540 In fact if we gave out to our legs it could just tromp around 131 00:08:25,540 --> 00:08:29,940 like like Mercazilla. But but we have we have a giant 132 00:08:30,540 --> 00:08:35,419 custom designed tower with massive mechanical arms that 133 00:08:35,419 --> 00:08:39,020 will literally try to catch the booster and catch the ship. 134 00:08:40,809 --> 00:08:43,850 Which it sounds insane. I mean, I'm going to see a scifi 135 00:08:43,850 --> 00:08:47,570 movie that does this, you know? But the theory actually work. 136 00:08:47,570 --> 00:08:49,850 Is it work? Let's just say success is in a 137 00:08:49,850 --> 00:08:53,290 set of possible outcomes. I'm not sure what the 138 00:08:53,290 --> 00:08:55,450 probability is, but success is somewhere in that. 139 00:08:56,770 --> 00:08:59,170 Is success possible? Yes, I think it's possible. 140 00:09:00,890 --> 00:09:02,610 In terms of catching it, I think. 141 00:09:05,640 --> 00:09:08,800 Well, well for the for the ship side we we also want to make 142 00:09:08,800 --> 00:09:12,720 sure that it actually comes in at fully intact and and lands at 143 00:09:12,720 --> 00:09:16,560 a precise location in the Pacific before we try to catch 144 00:09:16,560 --> 00:09:20,640 it at at the lower side because we we we're taking every 145 00:09:20,640 --> 00:09:25,680 proportion we can for that. We do not risk any any human 146 00:09:25,680 --> 00:09:27,800 lives or or destruction of property. 147 00:09:27,800 --> 00:09:32,160 So it'll be a few flights so so for the ship it'll be when we 148 00:09:32,160 --> 00:09:34,200 see the ship landing at a precise position. 149 00:09:34,620 --> 00:09:38,140 In the in the water, that's when we will try to catch the ship 150 00:09:38,140 --> 00:09:42,140 with our Mecazilla on the tower. The booster obviously the 151 00:09:42,140 --> 00:09:46,060 booster fights we've we've done many times on Falcon 9, so we're 152 00:09:46,060 --> 00:09:49,780 much more familiar and have retired confidence with Rooster 153 00:09:49,780 --> 00:09:52,900 recovery. We we've actually had the 154 00:09:52,900 --> 00:09:56,580 booster boost back to land and and land at Cape Canaveral Air 155 00:09:56,580 --> 00:10:02,460 Force Base many times, albeit with landing legs, not with the 156 00:10:02,460 --> 00:10:08,300 Mecazilla arms. The booster I, I, I I think, I 157 00:10:08,300 --> 00:10:11,860 think that there's a decent chance depending on when our 158 00:10:11,860 --> 00:10:16,100 licenses are granted that we would catch the booster within 159 00:10:16,100 --> 00:10:21,700 the next year or maybe less than a year and and then hopefully 160 00:10:22,700 --> 00:10:26,700 get lucky. We might catch the ship towards 161 00:10:26,700 --> 00:10:29,260 the end of next year. And where does the catch take 162 00:10:29,260 --> 00:10:30,860 place? Is it Willie Mays in the middle 163 00:10:30,860 --> 00:10:33,340 outfield over his shoulder, or is Florida somewhere? 164 00:10:35,050 --> 00:10:37,570 No, the, the, the both the booster and the ship come back 165 00:10:37,570 --> 00:10:39,690 to launch night. OK, fantastic. 166 00:10:40,650 --> 00:10:42,130 Yeah, that's. What I mean by the, the, the, 167 00:10:42,450 --> 00:10:48,330 this, this in fact. I mean the the thing that is 168 00:10:48,650 --> 00:10:53,730 this says we need a giant tower with customized arms to lift the 169 00:10:53,970 --> 00:10:56,250 the booster and the ship onto the launchpad. 170 00:10:58,330 --> 00:11:00,290 We're gonna absolutely need it. We can technically do it with 171 00:11:00,370 --> 00:11:02,950 with. With humongous cranes on a low 172 00:11:02,950 --> 00:11:10,150 wind day, but that's it's quite unwieldy The the the the tower 173 00:11:10,150 --> 00:11:12,790 with the arms is capable of lifting the booster and the ship 174 00:11:12,790 --> 00:11:16,030 even on on on a on a very windy day. 175 00:11:16,150 --> 00:11:21,030 Oh moderately windy day. So then it just seems to me 176 00:11:21,030 --> 00:11:23,630 that, well if we can lift the the ship and the Brewster the 177 00:11:23,670 --> 00:11:26,550 the ship onto the onto the lower stand or the the booster onto 178 00:11:26,550 --> 00:11:28,590 the lower stand and the ship onto the booster. 179 00:11:29,260 --> 00:11:32,740 With those same arms we should be able to catch the the booster 180 00:11:32,740 --> 00:11:40,180 ship with those same arms we've done pretty good with with with 181 00:11:40,180 --> 00:11:45,340 the thruster based land deal and in fact we can make this we can 182 00:11:45,340 --> 00:11:47,180 make the the rocket harbor in midair. 183 00:11:48,860 --> 00:11:50,580 In fact, we were able to do that many years ago. 184 00:11:50,580 --> 00:11:54,620 If you look at the old Falcon 9 test videos which we've called 185 00:11:54,620 --> 00:11:58,260 Grasshopper, where where we'd actually take Falcon 9 booster. 186 00:11:58,860 --> 00:12:01,740 And we'd have it just go up and and hover at 100 meters and then 187 00:12:01,740 --> 00:12:04,540 translate over another 100 meters, then translate back and 188 00:12:04,540 --> 00:12:08,740 then come back and land. So we're able to do that really 189 00:12:08,860 --> 00:12:12,220 over a decade ago. It's it's not obviously very 190 00:12:12,740 --> 00:12:14,220 efficient. We're propellant to have a 191 00:12:14,220 --> 00:12:15,940 rocket hover, but it can't be done. 192 00:12:17,620 --> 00:12:20,700 So that was I was like OK, let's just have the rocket come back 193 00:12:20,700 --> 00:12:25,780 and you know hover briefly and have the like then the arms come 194 00:12:25,780 --> 00:12:27,860 together and catch it. So that's the best of German 195 00:12:27,860 --> 00:12:30,190 ideas. Going back to what I'm saying, 196 00:12:30,190 --> 00:12:33,310 which it's not, it's not just reusability, it's rapid 197 00:12:33,310 --> 00:12:37,670 reusability and and it doesn't get more rapid then bring it 198 00:12:37,670 --> 00:12:42,990 back to the Lord site. And so in principle the the, the 199 00:12:42,990 --> 00:12:45,070 booster, it must come back very fast. 200 00:12:45,070 --> 00:12:47,550 By the way, where we know that booster is coming back to land 201 00:12:47,630 --> 00:12:51,790 or it's going to land fast because with the high thrust to 202 00:12:51,790 --> 00:12:54,270 weight that we're aiming for, which is sort of on the order of 203 00:12:54,270 --> 00:13:01,010 1.3 to 1 quad core. The, the and and a staging ratio 204 00:13:01,330 --> 00:13:06,170 which is currently about 3:00 to 1:00 in favor of the booster. 205 00:13:06,170 --> 00:13:09,970 So propellant to the propellant on booster to propellant. 206 00:13:09,970 --> 00:13:13,370 Our ship has got three to one on on the current version but it's 207 00:13:13,370 --> 00:13:17,570 trending closer to 2 to one on with future versions. 208 00:13:18,170 --> 00:13:21,890 That means that we're we're shifting more and more of the 209 00:13:22,970 --> 00:13:27,050 Delta V burden to the ship side that that means the. 210 00:13:27,810 --> 00:13:33,930 The booster actually uses up its repellent quite quickly and will 211 00:13:33,930 --> 00:13:39,730 will trend towards about a only about 100 seconds or so of a 212 00:13:39,770 --> 00:13:43,650 booster flight and the booster will immediately flip around, 213 00:13:43,970 --> 00:13:45,490 boost back to more site and land. 214 00:13:45,890 --> 00:13:49,010 And so it it it really we're talking about Booster being back 215 00:13:49,050 --> 00:13:52,730 at the lower site in about four or five minutes, which is 216 00:13:52,730 --> 00:13:57,500 pretty, pretty wild I think like 5 if you know. 5 minute booster 217 00:13:57,500 --> 00:14:01,460 basically it's back it's it's it's it's landed somehow. 218 00:14:01,460 --> 00:14:03,940 Whether it's either crashed or it's landed on the it's from 219 00:14:03,940 --> 00:14:10,900 court by the islands one or two and within 5 minutes and so so 220 00:14:10,940 --> 00:14:14,140 so then you then lands back on more sand and you can then 221 00:14:14,140 --> 00:14:18,140 refill propellant the the the booster, there's a sharp side. 222 00:14:18,140 --> 00:14:21,500 Obviously it's going to take a minimum of an hour to map to get 223 00:14:21,500 --> 00:14:25,540 around the planet. Still going pretty fast but. 224 00:14:25,930 --> 00:14:30,730 You got a circle of globe and and obviously that depends on 225 00:14:30,730 --> 00:14:34,250 what inclination and So what what your launch as with what 226 00:14:34,250 --> 00:14:38,050 your inclination of the Brewster as to whether it has a flight 227 00:14:38,530 --> 00:14:40,610 coming back over the launch site or not. 228 00:14:41,690 --> 00:14:46,490 If it's it's technically possible to just say a little 229 00:14:46,490 --> 00:14:53,370 bit depending upon your launch inclination, very good. 230 00:14:53,370 --> 00:14:55,380 So, Chris? Come back in an hour and a half. 231 00:14:55,380 --> 00:14:55,820 A ship? Ship. 232 00:14:55,820 --> 00:14:58,100 Sorry, ship could come back in about an hour and a half. 233 00:14:58,100 --> 00:15:01,660 Any prediction on when you're gonna start deploying satellites 234 00:15:02,300 --> 00:15:06,780 with Starship? Yeah, I think we will start 235 00:15:06,780 --> 00:15:12,060 deploying. I think there's a good chance we 236 00:15:12,060 --> 00:15:15,860 start deploying stalling V3 satellites next year in roughly 237 00:15:15,940 --> 00:15:20,380 roughly a year from now because we. 238 00:15:21,560 --> 00:15:25,360 We before we are confident that the ship like I said the the the 239 00:15:25,480 --> 00:15:28,280 the the hardest part about this or the part that will take the 240 00:15:28,280 --> 00:15:36,680 longest is the is is solving for ship safe ship reentry and 241 00:15:36,840 --> 00:15:40,960 landing and but but before we sold that we can launch the 242 00:15:40,960 --> 00:15:45,400 satellites because in any case with Belkin mine it's the the 243 00:15:45,400 --> 00:15:49,600 the upper stage is expandable so more. 244 00:15:50,190 --> 00:15:52,750 You know it's it's actually fine to start watching satellites 245 00:15:52,790 --> 00:15:56,270 even before we saw for for ship reusability that that that is 246 00:15:56,270 --> 00:15:57,430 the hardest part of the equation. 247 00:15:57,430 --> 00:16:01,270 So but with Falcon 9 we've we've gotten pretty far with 248 00:16:01,270 --> 00:16:07,350 reusability the the the booster I think it's now highly unusual 249 00:16:07,350 --> 00:16:10,870 for the booster to not come back and land it's it's it's gotten 250 00:16:10,870 --> 00:16:12,710 quite normal for the booster to come back and land. 251 00:16:13,150 --> 00:16:16,750 We now have a couple of boosters that are have done 17, I think 252 00:16:16,750 --> 00:16:23,260 18 flights at this point. And and and and then the fairing 253 00:16:23,260 --> 00:16:25,620 is also recovered. So the fairing reusability is 254 00:16:25,620 --> 00:16:28,820 also solid. But, but the Falcon 9 design 255 00:16:28,820 --> 00:16:31,380 does not allow for a reusability of the upper stage. 256 00:16:33,660 --> 00:16:38,820 So and and the Falcon 9 does it while reasonably rapid. 257 00:16:38,820 --> 00:16:43,340 If you especially you've got a a return to launch site landing 258 00:16:44,220 --> 00:16:47,540 still takes at least a few days to refurbish before you can 259 00:16:47,540 --> 00:16:49,580 fight again. And so with. 260 00:16:49,880 --> 00:16:57,120 With with Starship, actually more profound than the size is 261 00:16:57,120 --> 00:17:00,840 the fact that it is fully it is designed to be fully and rapidly 262 00:17:00,840 --> 00:17:04,359 reusable. The the reason for the absurd 263 00:17:04,359 --> 00:17:07,359 size is that we're trying to build something that is capable 264 00:17:07,359 --> 00:17:13,040 of of creating a permanent face on the moon and a city on Mars. 265 00:17:13,599 --> 00:17:14,880 That's that's why it is so large. 266 00:17:15,440 --> 00:17:16,599 Otherwise we could make it much smaller. 267 00:17:18,450 --> 00:17:22,650 So I think the the diameter of Starship in inside the envelope 268 00:17:22,650 --> 00:17:25,730 is something like 9 meters and inside the the top envelope is 269 00:17:25,730 --> 00:17:28,650 about 1717 1/2 meters of usable volume. 270 00:17:28,810 --> 00:17:31,090 This is incredible amount of of space, right? 271 00:17:31,090 --> 00:17:33,210 Unheard of volume. What is that? 272 00:17:33,210 --> 00:17:35,050 What does that open up the possibilities? 273 00:17:35,050 --> 00:17:38,610 What, what kind of things can we we fit in that space and what 274 00:17:38,610 --> 00:17:42,250 does it mean for the industry as we look at, you know, maybe you 275 00:17:42,250 --> 00:17:45,720 can give me a how many whales or how many starlings can you stuff 276 00:17:45,720 --> 00:17:46,680 in there? I don't I don't know what the 277 00:17:46,680 --> 00:17:48,760 right metric is, but give us a sense of size. 278 00:17:50,840 --> 00:17:56,760 Well, I mean like when you when you step into the the, the 279 00:17:56,760 --> 00:18:00,160 Starship bearing, payload volume, it looks like a 280 00:18:00,160 --> 00:18:03,120 cathedral. It looks absurd, frankly, it's 281 00:18:03,120 --> 00:18:05,520 like why this is ridiculously gigantic. 282 00:18:05,520 --> 00:18:07,960 That's what that was my first impression when I when I first 283 00:18:07,960 --> 00:18:11,160 went up there in a man lift and and and and climbed through the 284 00:18:11,160 --> 00:18:14,340 little hole. For the Starship initial rough 285 00:18:14,340 --> 00:18:17,100 prototype, I was like this. Like what? 286 00:18:17,100 --> 00:18:20,660 What have we done? This thing is too thing is 287 00:18:20,660 --> 00:18:26,900 ridiculously big. Listen, so now this actually can 288 00:18:26,900 --> 00:18:33,180 be great for science though. So one of the exciting projects 289 00:18:33,180 --> 00:18:37,860 that we're working with is with the sole full motor at Berkeley 290 00:18:38,300 --> 00:18:42,460 on A. A telescope or Space Telescope 291 00:18:43,220 --> 00:18:49,300 that is able to use the that that what you it's it's got an 292 00:18:49,300 --> 00:18:53,500 enormous lens I think it's perhaps A7 or 8 meter diameter 293 00:18:54,460 --> 00:18:58,220 lens and it it was actually a satellite that was meant for the 294 00:18:58,420 --> 00:19:03,180 OR a a the lens is meant for for a ground based satellite. 295 00:19:03,540 --> 00:19:07,380 But if you then take that same satellite and put it in in in 296 00:19:07,380 --> 00:19:09,720 orbit. Its capabilities are greatly 297 00:19:09,720 --> 00:19:12,800 enhanced because you don't have the obfuscation of the of the 298 00:19:12,880 --> 00:19:16,920 atmosphere. So that that's why for example 299 00:19:16,920 --> 00:19:19,280 the the the Hubble which is actually a fairly small 300 00:19:19,280 --> 00:19:24,680 telescope can do better than I think any ground in any maybe 301 00:19:25,080 --> 00:19:27,960 any historical ground satellite especially in the visual 302 00:19:27,960 --> 00:19:29,480 spectrum. So. 303 00:19:30,960 --> 00:19:33,200 So we're very excited about the what we can do for space 304 00:19:33,200 --> 00:19:36,140 science. Because really at this point 305 00:19:36,300 --> 00:19:39,340 especially for for any photons that where there's interference 306 00:19:39,340 --> 00:19:44,140 with the atmosphere so any any sort of short wavelength photons 307 00:19:44,140 --> 00:19:48,220 you really want your satellite to be in vacuum or your your 308 00:19:48,220 --> 00:19:52,700 telescope to be back. So that's really the future. 309 00:19:52,700 --> 00:19:54,580 So I think there's a lot of exciting potential there for 310 00:19:54,580 --> 00:20:00,220 planetary for for space science and but but like I said the the, 311 00:20:00,260 --> 00:20:02,900 the really fundamentally the reason that's so, so gigantic 312 00:20:02,900 --> 00:20:06,450 is. Is that if if you're on a, you 313 00:20:06,450 --> 00:20:10,170 know, long Jay de Mars, I think being cooped up in a something 314 00:20:10,170 --> 00:20:13,290 the size of a minivan would would be unappealing to most 315 00:20:13,290 --> 00:20:16,730 people. Just so comparison for the 316 00:20:16,730 --> 00:20:19,050 audience here, I think the Hubble telescope was something 317 00:20:19,050 --> 00:20:22,770 like 2.4 meter diameter, and so you're talking about I think 318 00:20:22,770 --> 00:20:26,610 three times the size somewhere along that order for the mirror. 319 00:20:26,610 --> 00:20:30,910 That's incredible. We've seen some changes down 320 00:20:30,910 --> 00:20:32,790 there in Texas at Starbase. I don't know if that's where 321 00:20:32,790 --> 00:20:36,710 you're you're you're streaming from here today, but there's a 322 00:20:36,710 --> 00:20:39,950 new factory that you're working on to enable a faster 323 00:20:39,950 --> 00:20:41,870 manufacturing rate. Can you talk to us a little bit 324 00:20:41,870 --> 00:20:43,110 about that? What are you trying to what are 325 00:20:43,110 --> 00:20:44,350 your goals? What are you what are you trying 326 00:20:44,350 --> 00:20:48,990 to achieve with the with the new factory Yeah so we are building 327 00:20:49,310 --> 00:20:56,480 a giant factory for a giant rocket and I mean honestly it's 328 00:20:57,040 --> 00:21:01,280 I I recommend people visit Star base as it turns out it's it's 329 00:21:01,280 --> 00:21:04,720 on a state highway. So for the I think it's one of 330 00:21:04,720 --> 00:21:08,120 the rare situations where and I actually don't mind. 331 00:21:08,120 --> 00:21:10,800 I think it's kind of cool that the that the public can actually 332 00:21:11,200 --> 00:21:16,880 drive within a literal stones throw away from the battery and 333 00:21:16,880 --> 00:21:20,200 the launch site and actually see the rocket first hand. 334 00:21:20,320 --> 00:21:22,800 And in fact if you go on the Internet right now including on 335 00:21:22,800 --> 00:21:25,990 the X platform, there are people who are live streaming at 24/7 336 00:21:26,510 --> 00:21:29,190 the entire construction launchpad everything. 337 00:21:30,790 --> 00:21:33,510 And so. So it's it's the people say like 338 00:21:33,510 --> 00:21:35,270 well can I go see it. It's so easy to go see. 339 00:21:35,270 --> 00:21:38,030 You can just literally fly to Brownsville and drive down drive 340 00:21:38,030 --> 00:21:41,630 to the beach and you can see it literally a stone's throw away 341 00:21:41,870 --> 00:21:46,230 the factory and the launch side. So anyone here wants to do that 342 00:21:46,230 --> 00:21:48,270 I recommend it. It's very, very easy. 343 00:21:48,710 --> 00:21:52,630 No permission required. So yeah we're building this 344 00:21:52,630 --> 00:21:56,830 giant rocket factory we the engines are still manufactured 345 00:21:56,830 --> 00:22:01,550 in California at SpaceX headquarters in in in Los 346 00:22:01,550 --> 00:22:05,670 Angeles which is also that's it's also just an odd location 347 00:22:05,670 --> 00:22:08,790 that's where we built the the the Falcon 9 rockets and the 348 00:22:08,790 --> 00:22:13,110 Dragon spacecraft really about 5 minutes from LAX at the at sort 349 00:22:13,110 --> 00:22:20,300 of what used to be a Northrop headquarters I believe it's 350 00:22:20,300 --> 00:22:23,580 that's so you know that's but yeah we're willing the strand 351 00:22:23,580 --> 00:22:26,860 factory. So The thing is so in order to 352 00:22:28,100 --> 00:22:31,180 if you look at the in the grand scheme of things say OK what is 353 00:22:31,180 --> 00:22:34,340 required to have a self-sustaining base on Mars or 354 00:22:34,340 --> 00:22:37,540 city on Mars. You have to really think of it 355 00:22:37,820 --> 00:22:43,060 in terms of very large tonnage the and and if we can even get 356 00:22:43,060 --> 00:22:45,940 the tonnage estimate to correct within an order of magnitude I 357 00:22:45,940 --> 00:22:50,340 think we're doing well. So the you know, I think I think 358 00:22:50,340 --> 00:22:54,220 we we should probably aim for something like 1,000,000 tons of 359 00:22:54,220 --> 00:22:59,140 useful load delivered to the surface of Mars which requires 360 00:22:59,220 --> 00:23:01,540 roughly 5 million tons to Earth orbit. 361 00:23:02,300 --> 00:23:05,780 So you know if you get about 20 for whatever mass you get to 362 00:23:05,780 --> 00:23:07,980 Earth or would you get about 20% of that mass landed to the 363 00:23:07,980 --> 00:23:11,780 surface of Mars, you know you will take maybe you can get 25% 364 00:23:11,820 --> 00:23:15,780 optimistically. So that's why this thing is so 365 00:23:15,780 --> 00:23:20,150 gigantic is we've got to get 5 million tons to the to to orbit, 366 00:23:20,670 --> 00:23:24,670 which hopefully gets about 1,000,000 tons to the surfs to 367 00:23:24,670 --> 00:23:27,230 Mars and hopefully 1,000,000 tons is enough to create a 368 00:23:27,230 --> 00:23:30,790 self-sustaining city on Mars. I'm incredible. 369 00:23:31,670 --> 00:23:34,510 So talking about Mars, any new predictions on when you I know 370 00:23:34,510 --> 00:23:36,510 this is your ultimate goal, your destination? 371 00:23:37,110 --> 00:23:41,510 Any predictions on when Starship might land on Mars without crew? 372 00:23:41,510 --> 00:23:44,270 Maybe a crude flight? Any any prediction there? 373 00:23:47,520 --> 00:23:53,240 Well, I think three or four years. 374 00:23:54,240 --> 00:23:56,840 Four years. That would be something like, 375 00:23:57,400 --> 00:23:59,440 right? I have to check with the Earth, 376 00:23:59,440 --> 00:24:06,480 Mars, you know Earth, Mars. But you know get have overall 377 00:24:06,480 --> 00:24:12,080 synchronization about every 26 months so you can't just go you 378 00:24:12,080 --> 00:24:15,520 fly to Mars when it's on the other side of the sun from Earth 379 00:24:16,890 --> 00:24:20,170 that's the I will be so that roughly every 26 months the 380 00:24:20,690 --> 00:24:26,570 orbits are in the the right relative position and then you 381 00:24:26,770 --> 00:24:28,410 then you have the Mars transport window. 382 00:24:30,730 --> 00:24:33,290 So I I think, but I think it's sort of feasible within the next 383 00:24:33,290 --> 00:24:37,930 four years to do an uncrewed test test landing that. 384 00:24:39,570 --> 00:24:40,690 Didn't have enough on your plate? 385 00:24:40,690 --> 00:24:42,410 You're doing a lunar Lander version, yes. 386 00:24:44,490 --> 00:24:49,620 Yeah. Well really Starship should be a 387 00:24:49,620 --> 00:24:54,140 generalized transport system to anywhere in the solar system. 388 00:24:54,540 --> 00:24:56,660 That's that's the intent with when you when you have 389 00:24:56,660 --> 00:25:00,740 propulsive landing you you you can land anywhere whether 390 00:25:00,740 --> 00:25:02,460 there's an atmosphere, no atmosphere. 391 00:25:04,340 --> 00:25:07,180 You know it's not really dependent on water. 392 00:25:07,580 --> 00:25:13,300 You know see you know full crude capsules on on on Earth we've 393 00:25:13,300 --> 00:25:17,430 generally gone with parachutes and water or you know and it 394 00:25:17,430 --> 00:25:21,030 rushes on land but then they need retro rockets right at the 395 00:25:21,030 --> 00:25:27,350 end to sort of slow things down. So a propulsive system should 396 00:25:27,350 --> 00:25:30,670 generalize to be able to land anywhere on a solid surface 397 00:25:30,710 --> 00:25:33,870 anywhere on the the the in the solar system. 398 00:25:34,430 --> 00:25:40,270 So the the the moon while it's sort of dusty that that that the 399 00:25:40,270 --> 00:25:42,870 moon is actually harder that it's it's not just a big dust 400 00:25:42,870 --> 00:25:44,460 pile. So it's it's parter than you 401 00:25:44,460 --> 00:25:50,740 think the the lunar regolith. So I'm I'm sort of optimistic 402 00:25:50,740 --> 00:25:55,380 that we can take a Starship that's fairly you know 403 00:25:55,380 --> 00:25:59,540 unmodified from what would land on earth or Mars obviously need 404 00:25:59,540 --> 00:26:04,620 legs but apart from that I suspect you could land the 405 00:26:04,620 --> 00:26:08,100 Starship with minor modifications on on the moon and 406 00:26:08,100 --> 00:26:12,460 and the same would go for once you have a propellant plant on 407 00:26:12,460 --> 00:26:17,810 Mars you could then go to the asteroid belt and and the moons 408 00:26:17,810 --> 00:26:20,810 of Jupiter. If you could establish A 409 00:26:20,810 --> 00:26:27,450 propellant plant there then then you could go to the winds of 410 00:26:27,450 --> 00:26:31,890 Saturn and and ultimately all the way out into the caper belt 411 00:26:31,930 --> 00:26:35,540 and the OR cloud. So what you're talking about 412 00:26:35,700 --> 00:26:38,060 requires propellant transfer, obviously in orbit. 413 00:26:38,060 --> 00:26:42,300 Can you explain to everyone watching why that's necessary 414 00:26:42,300 --> 00:26:45,540 and how it works and and how you work to progress to to make that 415 00:26:45,620 --> 00:26:51,900 propellant transfer happen? Yes, so really propellant 416 00:26:51,900 --> 00:26:54,380 transfer is is a similar problem to just docking. 417 00:26:55,140 --> 00:26:59,500 Now we've gotten pretty good at docking with the Dragon. 418 00:26:59,500 --> 00:27:03,260 Going to the space station and docking with the space station 419 00:27:03,260 --> 00:27:06,940 is really quite difficult because we didn't design the 420 00:27:06,940 --> 00:27:09,540 space station and the space station has a lot of 421 00:27:09,540 --> 00:27:11,860 complexities and has crew on board. 422 00:27:12,340 --> 00:27:18,300 So what we have to be extremely careful and that the talk with 423 00:27:18,300 --> 00:27:22,740 the space station take is is like I would say it's far more 424 00:27:22,740 --> 00:27:24,780 difficult to talk with the space station that it would be stuck 425 00:27:24,780 --> 00:27:30,260 with our own spaceship and and so propellant transfer just 426 00:27:30,260 --> 00:27:36,500 really means that we we send a but a a Starship up there with 427 00:27:36,500 --> 00:27:41,900 with no payload and and it just transfers its propellant to a 428 00:27:41,900 --> 00:27:44,860 ship that is already there. So you have to dock dock with 429 00:27:45,340 --> 00:27:49,580 the ship that is going to Mars or the moon and transfer the 430 00:27:49,580 --> 00:27:53,580 propellant from a version of the ship that has no cargo. 431 00:27:53,940 --> 00:27:56,220 Now there's there's there's there'll be a future sort of 432 00:27:57,020 --> 00:28:03,580 tanker optimized version of of Starship where where we, you 433 00:28:03,700 --> 00:28:11,860 know have we stretch the tanks and have little to no cargo 434 00:28:12,060 --> 00:28:14,900 space because that's the optimal thing for a tanker. 435 00:28:15,100 --> 00:28:18,700 But you don't have to do that. That will increase the 436 00:28:19,180 --> 00:28:22,900 propellant load of the tanker or you have the propellant 437 00:28:22,900 --> 00:28:24,980 transferability of the of the of the tanker. 438 00:28:24,980 --> 00:28:26,540 But it's not. It's not absolutely necessary. 439 00:28:26,540 --> 00:28:29,700 You just you could in theory use an unmodified Starship and 440 00:28:29,700 --> 00:28:32,100 transfer propellant that way. So. 441 00:28:33,000 --> 00:28:35,080 I would imagine that you're doing this and you may have 442 00:28:35,080 --> 00:28:38,600 multiple launches in either rapid succession or maybe 443 00:28:38,600 --> 00:28:41,840 multiple pads launching multiple versions of the vehicle. 444 00:28:42,000 --> 00:28:43,760 Is that all taking place from Texas? 445 00:28:43,760 --> 00:28:47,080 Then how quickly did those launches have to take place to 446 00:28:47,080 --> 00:28:52,600 make this work? Yeah we'll we'll have a launch 447 00:28:52,600 --> 00:28:56,320 site in in Texas as well as in Florida though we're actually 448 00:28:56,320 --> 00:29:02,340 partially built a Starship launch pad at we had 39 A which 449 00:29:02,340 --> 00:29:07,420 is where we launched Falcon Heavy and our crude the crude 450 00:29:07,420 --> 00:29:11,340 Dragon. So we're partially built and 451 00:29:11,460 --> 00:29:14,340 we'll we'll we'll fully build that out over time and and 452 00:29:14,340 --> 00:29:19,380 probably have at some point a a Greenfield location for Starship 453 00:29:19,460 --> 00:29:24,340 at at the Cape. Now in the in the sort of you 454 00:29:24,340 --> 00:29:28,140 say like four or five year time frame where paths we're 455 00:29:28,140 --> 00:29:35,890 launching several times a day then we may need to go to an 456 00:29:35,890 --> 00:29:41,810 ocean based like platform just if if you're launching I don't 457 00:29:41,810 --> 00:29:45,850 know 10 times a day that might be a bit much for even for even 458 00:29:45,850 --> 00:29:51,450 for the Cape I don't know. But so we may end up doing 459 00:29:52,210 --> 00:29:57,610 platform based launches from specially designed sort of ocean 460 00:29:57,610 --> 00:30:01,810 going platform but we we we will need to do a lot of launches. 461 00:30:02,010 --> 00:30:08,450 We're talking about thousands of launches per year, so at at and 462 00:30:08,450 --> 00:30:11,130 and so you do get up to the sort of what I was talking about 463 00:30:12,210 --> 00:30:16,970 million tons or 5 million tons to orbit that if you've got you 464 00:30:16,970 --> 00:30:22,050 know 1000 launches a year each of which do over 100 tons, 465 00:30:22,050 --> 00:30:27,050 that's 100,000 tons of like a Congo, you know per year to 466 00:30:27,050 --> 00:30:30,300 orbit there's still not quite enough. 467 00:30:30,860 --> 00:30:35,180 I think we'd want to get to roughly a million times over per 468 00:30:35,180 --> 00:30:39,620 per year to Earth or per year which would mean that you get to 469 00:30:39,660 --> 00:30:44,420 1,000,000 tons to Mars in five years. 470 00:30:45,860 --> 00:30:49,700 These are very big numbers. Obviously they've just put 471 00:30:49,700 --> 00:30:54,460 things into perspective. All of Earth launch capability 472 00:30:56,380 --> 00:31:01,350 right now it apart from Falcon is about 400 tons to orbit per 473 00:31:01,350 --> 00:31:06,590 year. Falcon nine this year we'll do I 474 00:31:06,590 --> 00:31:10,670 think around 50 or 1600 tons. So Falcon 9, you know this 475 00:31:10,670 --> 00:31:16,230 already doing about 80% of Earth mass to orbit and next year we 476 00:31:16,230 --> 00:31:19,430 expect to increase that by about 40 or 50% on the Falcon side. 477 00:31:20,030 --> 00:31:27,280 So, you know, maybe 2500 tons to over for Falcon next year, but 478 00:31:27,280 --> 00:31:30,040 these are still small numbers compared to what's required for 479 00:31:31,040 --> 00:31:32,760 essentially making life multiplanetary. 480 00:31:33,240 --> 00:31:35,320 Well, making life multiplanetary, you've got to be 481 00:31:35,320 --> 00:31:38,080 in this sort of hundreds of thousands to millions of tons of 482 00:31:39,120 --> 00:31:42,560 goes over per year. Unbelievable numbers, really. 483 00:31:42,840 --> 00:31:44,760 Somebody worked in the launch business for several years. 484 00:31:44,760 --> 00:31:47,440 It's it's incredible for me to even try to think about that 485 00:31:47,440 --> 00:31:50,960 much mass to orbit in one year. It's that's crazy. 486 00:31:51,080 --> 00:31:53,440 Yeah, it's absolutely crazy. Ludicrous mode, I think. 487 00:31:53,520 --> 00:31:59,780 Yeah, for launch very much. So yeah, it's either we do that 488 00:31:59,780 --> 00:32:01,380 or we're a single plant species forever. 489 00:32:01,900 --> 00:32:08,260 So we either achieved those kind of numbers or we will we will 490 00:32:08,260 --> 00:32:10,500 never have a self-sustaining city on Mars. 491 00:32:12,580 --> 00:32:15,180 Into building this amazing launch system. 492 00:32:15,220 --> 00:32:18,820 You're also working on a Polaris mission for that's going to 493 00:32:18,820 --> 00:32:22,820 allow, I think, Dragon to open and have people actually 494 00:32:23,060 --> 00:32:26,260 floating in space doing an Eva. And you're building a space suit 495 00:32:26,260 --> 00:32:28,220 for that. So you can talk a little bit 496 00:32:28,220 --> 00:32:30,300 about that space suit. And then can you use that same 497 00:32:30,300 --> 00:32:34,820 suit on the moon and Mars and for other missions, Yeah, so 498 00:32:35,940 --> 00:32:40,740 SpaceX spacesuit, we, we do expect to evolve that to be 499 00:32:40,740 --> 00:32:45,060 something that can be an Ava suit on the ground on the moon 500 00:32:45,060 --> 00:32:50,460 and Mars. And it's sort of initially as as 501 00:32:50,460 --> 00:32:53,580 really just a precious suit just in case there's an emergency 502 00:32:53,870 --> 00:32:56,510 emergency depressurization of the spacecraft. 503 00:32:57,230 --> 00:33:00,990 So it's it's was basically like a self-contained life support 504 00:33:00,990 --> 00:33:06,710 system in in suit form and obviously we'll retain that 505 00:33:06,710 --> 00:33:14,030 capability but but but now for an upcoming flight we we want to 506 00:33:14,030 --> 00:33:17,510 do an Eva or extra. Yeah basically go float around 507 00:33:17,510 --> 00:33:21,030 in space still on a tether. So it's not, it's not going to 508 00:33:21,030 --> 00:33:27,490 be an independent little little space, little spacesuits that's 509 00:33:27,490 --> 00:33:30,530 just flying around. We could do that, but and maybe 510 00:33:30,530 --> 00:33:31,850 that'll happen on a future flight. 511 00:33:32,290 --> 00:33:37,650 But it will be a tethered EBA, just you're just out there, 512 00:33:37,650 --> 00:33:41,810 floating in the void, connected by a thin cord to the spaceship. 513 00:33:44,610 --> 00:33:49,090 You put a Tesla in space. This was like an amazing thing 514 00:33:49,090 --> 00:33:51,410 to see a Tesla actually flying into space. 515 00:33:52,270 --> 00:33:54,550 So you've already put one of the vehicles in space. 516 00:33:54,910 --> 00:33:57,030 Are you thinking about making a Tesla Rover? 517 00:33:57,590 --> 00:34:01,270 Maybe Moon or Mars? Any any ideas for a cyber truck 518 00:34:01,270 --> 00:34:05,230 on the moon? It would look cool, that's true. 519 00:34:08,110 --> 00:34:10,150 And I think the nice thing about electric cars is that obviously 520 00:34:10,150 --> 00:34:13,630 do not require oxygen to, they're not combustion cars, so 521 00:34:13,630 --> 00:34:16,070 they don't require, they don't have to ingest oxygen from the 522 00:34:16,429 --> 00:34:22,170 ambient atmosphere. So yeah, I think Tesla could 523 00:34:22,170 --> 00:34:27,330 easily make a car that, you know, like a cyber truck, lunar 524 00:34:27,330 --> 00:34:30,210 variant, we could just get the get the ruin off your package. 525 00:34:32,050 --> 00:34:37,969 So yeah I mean the the reason that we launched the car the 526 00:34:37,969 --> 00:34:42,130 reason we launched the car was heavy I should say is it's 527 00:34:42,170 --> 00:34:46,730 settled but we want to have something was that exciting as a 528 00:34:48,690 --> 00:34:52,070 initial payload but but where the last of the wood would not 529 00:34:52,070 --> 00:34:58,030 be catastrophic. So you will wonder what why if 530 00:34:58,030 --> 00:35:03,670 my what's my car orbiting Earth and Mars because it's it's in an 531 00:35:03,670 --> 00:35:08,070 elliptical orbit and and actually it almost touches it 532 00:35:08,070 --> 00:35:11,950 touches like the the asteroid belt and and goes past the orbit 533 00:35:11,950 --> 00:35:15,590 of Mars. It's just that we we were we 534 00:35:15,590 --> 00:35:20,130 weren't sure if the first flight of heavy would fail or not and 535 00:35:20,130 --> 00:35:23,770 reward to just have a pic that was more exciting than. 536 00:35:26,250 --> 00:35:29,490 I thought it was brilliant, really a masterstroke in terms 537 00:35:29,490 --> 00:35:32,170 of getting attention of the world, really, to put that in 538 00:35:32,170 --> 00:35:37,370 orbit, Thanks. Can Starship be used as a space 539 00:35:37,370 --> 00:35:39,130 station? How long could it stay in orbit 540 00:35:39,330 --> 00:35:41,730 and what would be the purpose of that? 541 00:35:41,730 --> 00:35:47,340 How could that work? So how long could Starship be in 542 00:35:47,340 --> 00:35:47,820 orbit? Yeah. 543 00:35:47,820 --> 00:35:49,180 Could it be its own space station? 544 00:35:49,180 --> 00:35:51,700 If you wanted to put a Starship with the capability of 545 00:35:51,700 --> 00:35:55,380 laboratory, how long could that could it stay in orbit and still 546 00:35:55,380 --> 00:35:59,540 come down? Oh, there's no real limits. 547 00:35:59,540 --> 00:36:01,060 You could stay in orbit for a very long time. 548 00:36:02,220 --> 00:36:08,260 The, the, the, the volume of the Sasha faring is roughly 549 00:36:08,260 --> 00:36:11,340 comparable to the volume of the of the International Space 550 00:36:11,340 --> 00:36:15,190 Station. So there's about about 1000 551 00:36:15,190 --> 00:36:22,230 cubic meters of of volume in the in the ferry, I think. 552 00:36:22,230 --> 00:36:24,230 I think space station's A comparable amount. 553 00:36:25,510 --> 00:36:28,790 And would have the power to run a lot of laboratory experiments. 554 00:36:29,150 --> 00:36:30,510 Sorry. Yeah. 555 00:36:31,150 --> 00:36:34,950 Given that is given that is some of volume to the space station, 556 00:36:35,990 --> 00:36:39,670 you you could do what what you're doing in the space 557 00:36:39,670 --> 00:36:41,910 station on a saw ship if you want. 558 00:36:43,630 --> 00:36:45,990 There's there's no limit to how long to stay up there. 559 00:36:45,990 --> 00:36:48,190 It's really just you you you need. 560 00:36:48,590 --> 00:36:54,790 Yeah, solar panels, battery, and some thrusters to maintain 561 00:36:54,790 --> 00:36:58,670 orbit. How about point to point 562 00:36:58,670 --> 00:37:00,510 transportation? I know when you were in 563 00:37:00,510 --> 00:37:04,390 Guadalajara at the IC you got you kind of hinted at a little 564 00:37:04,390 --> 00:37:07,420 bit of the point point to point. Capability of transportation. 565 00:37:08,020 --> 00:37:10,620 I I can't remember the exact amount of time to get from one 566 00:37:10,620 --> 00:37:12,820 side of the world to the next, but can you talk about that? 567 00:37:12,820 --> 00:37:16,340 How do you see the the future point to point using using 568 00:37:16,340 --> 00:37:26,340 Starship? Yeah so the the fastest way with 569 00:37:26,340 --> 00:37:29,740 with known physics to get from one place to another on Earth is 570 00:37:29,980 --> 00:37:32,580 with a incontinental ballistic missile. 571 00:37:35,100 --> 00:37:37,980 This is This is why Icbs with nukes are kind of like the 572 00:37:37,980 --> 00:37:41,300 ultimate weapon. Now in this case it's sort of 573 00:37:41,340 --> 00:37:46,260 lead the new AD landing, but it's it's it's certainly very 574 00:37:46,260 --> 00:37:51,260 feasible obviously if we can take off from trans and land on 575 00:37:51,260 --> 00:37:54,380 Mars or the moon we can take over land on Earth too. 576 00:37:56,220 --> 00:37:58,580 So, so it really comes down to a question of of is it 577 00:37:58,700 --> 00:38:03,260 economically viable compared to long distance aircraft. 578 00:38:04,730 --> 00:38:08,690 And I think our our back the outlet numbers suggest that it 579 00:38:08,810 --> 00:38:13,010 actually has a shot at being economically viable for long 580 00:38:13,010 --> 00:38:17,930 distance transport on Earth for for a few reasons. 581 00:38:18,610 --> 00:38:23,050 The the propellant cost is actually quite low being liquid 582 00:38:23,050 --> 00:38:27,610 methane, liquid oxygen. The cost of liquid oxygen is 583 00:38:27,610 --> 00:38:35,540 primarily liquid productions, about 7778% liquid oxygen by by 584 00:38:35,540 --> 00:38:39,940 mass and roughly 22 or 23% liquid methane. 585 00:38:40,220 --> 00:38:42,860 So the propellant cost is it's the lowest cost propellant you 586 00:38:42,860 --> 00:38:50,020 could possibly get on Earth and and then the the because the 587 00:38:50,020 --> 00:38:54,740 Rockets moving so fast you you can use it about in theory about 588 00:38:54,740 --> 00:38:56,380 10 times more than you've used aircraft. 589 00:38:56,980 --> 00:39:03,580 So there's so, so Falcon 90, sorry, Starship can go from 590 00:39:04,430 --> 00:39:12,830 let's say Los Angeles to Sydney or something like that in 20 591 00:39:12,830 --> 00:39:15,190 minutes basically maybe half an hour at most. 592 00:39:15,870 --> 00:39:21,790 So it whereas I think I think an airliner takes about 14 or 15 593 00:39:21,790 --> 00:39:24,910 hours. So you've got something which is 594 00:39:25,270 --> 00:39:27,710 really much faster than an aircraft. 595 00:39:28,030 --> 00:39:33,390 And so for an airliner that you can do basically in order of 596 00:39:33,390 --> 00:39:36,070 magnitude more trips with Starship than you can with an 597 00:39:36,070 --> 00:39:39,790 airliner, which means that the and this and the no, no pilots 598 00:39:39,790 --> 00:39:41,470 are needed. In fact, you can't. 599 00:39:42,150 --> 00:39:45,070 This is not only a computer can pilot this because human 600 00:39:45,070 --> 00:39:49,350 reaction time is not, that's not so then you don't have the pilot 601 00:39:49,350 --> 00:39:54,190 costs, you don't have the food costs, you don't have the you, 602 00:39:54,190 --> 00:39:56,270 you know, you don't really even need bathrooms if you can get 603 00:39:56,270 --> 00:40:01,310 there in half an hour. So it actually would work out 604 00:40:01,310 --> 00:40:04,960 that. It's it's actually we think 605 00:40:04,960 --> 00:40:06,880 lower cost than long distance aircraft. 606 00:40:08,960 --> 00:40:10,160 OK. You got a little chuckle here in 607 00:40:10,160 --> 00:40:11,800 the crowd about the no bathroom line. 608 00:40:11,800 --> 00:40:13,600 So I think people are looking forward to it. 609 00:40:13,800 --> 00:40:17,840 Yeah, less than half an hour. You know, you say like go just 610 00:40:17,920 --> 00:40:23,760 go before you hop on, you know, and it'll be there fast. 611 00:40:24,760 --> 00:40:30,480 I mean you you could technically, you know, have, I 612 00:40:30,480 --> 00:40:35,180 don't know, breakfast in LA, lunch in London and you know, 613 00:40:35,580 --> 00:40:40,220 dinner in Singapore and then be back back in LA for bedtime. 614 00:40:41,340 --> 00:40:43,420 So you're. Connecting now I think something 615 00:40:43,420 --> 00:40:46,140 like 2 million people with * lake right with your with your 616 00:40:46,140 --> 00:40:50,220 satellite communication system and growing rapidly, you're 617 00:40:50,260 --> 00:40:53,260 mastering communications from space to earth from low earth 618 00:40:53,260 --> 00:40:55,580 orbit. You're now doing inter satellite 619 00:40:55,580 --> 00:40:59,600 links with this system. What do you see for Starlink 620 00:40:59,640 --> 00:41:03,400 being used as a relay, let's say around the moon or for calm 621 00:41:03,400 --> 00:41:04,960 relay all the way to Mars and back? 622 00:41:06,360 --> 00:41:13,920 Well, for for Mars Mars you'd want basically like a laser 623 00:41:13,920 --> 00:41:15,400 relay system. Essentially. 624 00:41:15,400 --> 00:41:17,960 It sort of depends on what you what what, what bandwidth are 625 00:41:17,960 --> 00:41:20,000 you looking for. Obviously in order to have 626 00:41:20,000 --> 00:41:26,520 continuous coverage with Mars, you'd have to have some relay 627 00:41:26,520 --> 00:41:28,920 system because you can't transmit through the Sun. 628 00:41:29,280 --> 00:41:32,440 So in Mars you know when the Sun is between you and the and Mars 629 00:41:32,440 --> 00:41:39,040 you have to do a bank chart through a relay satellite so 630 00:41:39,040 --> 00:41:40,720 that your photons don't have to go through the Sun. 631 00:41:43,280 --> 00:41:49,240 So and then then it's just I will ultimately want you know, 632 00:41:49,240 --> 00:41:52,920 Terra bit, maybe petabit level data transfer between Earth and 633 00:41:52,920 --> 00:41:55,790 Mars. So then you're going to you 634 00:41:55,790 --> 00:41:58,550 don't want probably some some relay satellites along the way 635 00:41:58,550 --> 00:42:04,390 to be able to do that. It says it's really, it's a 636 00:42:04,390 --> 00:42:08,910 bandwidth thing. You'd want to use lasers and 637 00:42:08,910 --> 00:42:13,270 then the the the laser beam is going to widen with distance so 638 00:42:13,270 --> 00:42:15,750 that then you need to be able to receive the laser beam before it 639 00:42:15,750 --> 00:42:18,670 gets too wide. This means that you need a 640 00:42:18,670 --> 00:42:24,560 series of satellites in order to with Mars at its first distance, 641 00:42:24,800 --> 00:42:27,080 especially with very high bandwidth. 642 00:42:27,120 --> 00:42:30,560 Well you can obviously do low bandwidth with longer wavelength 643 00:42:31,000 --> 00:42:35,120 photons but but but if if there's a you know here in city 644 00:42:35,120 --> 00:42:38,560 on Mars you'd want to have very high bandwidth so therefore 645 00:42:38,600 --> 00:42:43,120 bunch of lasers and and satellites stalling already used 646 00:42:43,120 --> 00:42:45,920 this inter laser sport intrasatellite. 647 00:42:48,040 --> 00:42:50,280 So if I if I made just a couple more questions. 648 00:42:51,270 --> 00:42:54,590 Throughout this week here at the IC, we've been inspired. 649 00:42:54,590 --> 00:42:56,270 There's thousands of young people here. 650 00:42:56,350 --> 00:42:59,830 I think 41% of our delegates are under the age of 35, which is 651 00:42:59,830 --> 00:43:02,990 incredible by by any space conference metric. 652 00:43:02,990 --> 00:43:04,470 We get a lot of young people here. 653 00:43:05,150 --> 00:43:07,670 There's delegates from the Space Generation Advisory Council, 654 00:43:07,670 --> 00:43:10,470 from the Future Space Leaders Foundation, from the YP program. 655 00:43:10,470 --> 00:43:13,790 Here at the I A F you have a message for these young people, 656 00:43:13,790 --> 00:43:15,830 the young engineers and scientists that are here. 657 00:43:15,830 --> 00:43:17,510 Many of them have been inspired by you. 658 00:43:17,870 --> 00:43:19,190 Anything you can say to them about? 659 00:43:19,520 --> 00:43:23,000 Pursuing a career in space or what motivated you to do all the 660 00:43:23,000 --> 00:43:29,000 things that you're doing? Yeah, I mean I'm interested in 661 00:43:29,080 --> 00:43:33,720 that which both the civilization and I think we want to expand 662 00:43:33,720 --> 00:43:36,600 the scope and scale of consciousness so as to better 663 00:43:36,600 --> 00:43:40,880 understand the nature of the universe and even to ask 664 00:43:40,920 --> 00:43:42,720 understand which questions to ask. 665 00:43:42,800 --> 00:43:46,000 Like, you know, one of the most disfiring books I've ever read 666 00:43:46,000 --> 00:43:48,120 was the Hitchhikes guys of the Galaxy. 667 00:43:48,910 --> 00:43:51,550 What we're in the they're they're trying to understand 668 00:43:51,550 --> 00:43:56,270 meaning of life in the, you know, Hitchhiker's Guide and 669 00:43:57,390 --> 00:44:00,630 the, I mean the larger message of the Hitchhiker's Guide of the 670 00:44:00,630 --> 00:44:03,750 Galaxy is that you you actually need to know what questions to 671 00:44:03,750 --> 00:44:06,150 ask about the answer that is the universe. 672 00:44:06,990 --> 00:44:08,910 And we we don't yet know what questions to ask. 673 00:44:09,310 --> 00:44:12,990 So I'm just curious really, I'm just curious as to the nature of 674 00:44:12,990 --> 00:44:16,350 reality. Where does where, where does it 675 00:44:16,350 --> 00:44:17,310 all go to? Where does it go? 676 00:44:17,830 --> 00:44:19,710 Where does it come from? Where are the aliens, for 677 00:44:19,710 --> 00:44:21,270 example? Are there aliens? 678 00:44:21,550 --> 00:44:22,510 Is it? Are we alone? 679 00:44:23,470 --> 00:44:27,550 People often ask me if I'm seeing any evidence of of 680 00:44:27,550 --> 00:44:31,830 aliens, and I unfortunately have seen no evidence of aliens yet. 681 00:44:32,270 --> 00:44:37,270 We are the aliens, so I can tell, and I think if anyone 682 00:44:37,270 --> 00:44:38,910 would know, it'll probably be me. 683 00:44:39,430 --> 00:44:40,990 And I've not seen any evidence of aliens. 684 00:44:41,910 --> 00:44:46,270 So what? What that perhaps suggests is 685 00:44:47,000 --> 00:44:53,120 that this tiny candle of consciousness that is humanity 686 00:44:53,960 --> 00:44:58,480 is all that exists in a vast darkness, and we should do 687 00:44:58,480 --> 00:45:01,440 everything we can to ensure that the candle does not go out. 688 00:45:01,680 --> 00:45:04,360 Well, Ilan, I'd like to thank you for joining us today. 689 00:45:04,560 --> 00:45:07,200 Good luck with your next launch. Thank you. 690 00:45:07,480 --> 00:45:08,760 Thanks. It was honor to be. 691 00:45:09,880 --> 00:45:10,560 Thank you everyone.