1 00:00:00,160 --> 00:00:04,280 We conclude the Odyssey today. And as we discussed last 2 00:00:04,280 --> 00:00:11,160 lecture, the Odyssey is really about a homecoming, about three 3 00:00:11,640 --> 00:00:17,480 members of a family, Odysseus, Penelope Tanakis, who after 20 4 00:00:17,480 --> 00:00:22,600 years separation must come together again and rediscover 5 00:00:22,600 --> 00:00:26,520 their love for each other. And as we discussed last class, 6 00:00:26,600 --> 00:00:29,160 all three suffer from depression. 7 00:00:30,360 --> 00:00:34,120 Odysseus suffers from post traumatic stress disorder 8 00:00:34,240 --> 00:00:40,240 because war has shattered his identity, his sense of self, his 9 00:00:40,240 --> 00:00:46,440 worldview, his purpose. Penelope is depressed because 10 00:00:46,600 --> 00:00:50,400 the love of her life has disappeared and she doesn't know 11 00:00:50,400 --> 00:00:57,560 if he's dead or alive. Tamak has is a teenager, a young 12 00:00:57,560 --> 00:01:02,960 man who cannot inherit his father's legacy or his mother's 13 00:01:02,960 --> 00:01:06,160 wealth. OK, so all three are depressed 14 00:01:06,760 --> 00:01:12,440 and today we will discuss how love brings the three together 15 00:01:12,840 --> 00:01:15,800 and resurrects all three. All right. 16 00:01:16,240 --> 00:01:20,920 OK, so a major topic that we will discuss throughout the 17 00:01:20,920 --> 00:01:25,240 semester is the idea of love. What is love? 18 00:01:25,520 --> 00:01:30,920 How does it benefits itself and why is it so important? 19 00:01:31,120 --> 00:01:39,480 OK, so remember that consciousness is the universe, 20 00:01:39,640 --> 00:01:43,400 OK? And our consciousness is 21 00:01:44,640 --> 00:01:49,680 infinite, but we don't know that because in order to navigate our 22 00:01:49,680 --> 00:01:53,640 reality, we hallucinate time and space. 23 00:01:54,000 --> 00:01:58,480 And time and space makes us believe that we are separate 24 00:01:58,560 --> 00:02:03,280 from everyone else, when in reality we are unified with 25 00:02:03,280 --> 00:02:07,680 everyone else, OK? So the reality that we see is 26 00:02:07,680 --> 00:02:11,080 this a human nation hallucination created by our 27 00:02:11,080 --> 00:02:15,040 ego. And our ego makes us believe 28 00:02:15,040 --> 00:02:18,200 that we are separate from each other. 29 00:02:18,560 --> 00:02:27,040 And love is the force, OK? Love is the monad, God or love 30 00:02:28,160 --> 00:02:35,160 that burns in US and compels us to return to the monad and which 31 00:02:35,160 --> 00:02:38,760 is which reminds us that we are all interconnected. 32 00:02:39,200 --> 00:02:44,360 OK, so love is the force that compels us into unity. 33 00:02:45,040 --> 00:02:50,480 And when we meet someone that we truly love, we move together 34 00:02:51,120 --> 00:02:55,280 back to the monad. And when the monad, our love is 35 00:02:55,280 --> 00:03:04,280 imprinted and this love becomes a force onto itself that compels 36 00:03:04,280 --> 00:03:07,440 us back into it. All right. 37 00:03:07,720 --> 00:03:16,920 So in other words, Penelope and Odysseus are in love with each 38 00:03:16,920 --> 00:03:21,520 other and they, and as a result, no matter how far away they are, 39 00:03:22,720 --> 00:03:27,280 they still are drawn back to each other because they complete 40 00:03:27,280 --> 00:03:32,000 each other, right? So another we're saying this is 41 00:03:32,000 --> 00:03:36,960 that because our consciousness is infinite, OK, it exists in 42 00:03:36,960 --> 00:03:40,640 different dimensions. We can put our conscious into 43 00:03:41,000 --> 00:03:46,640 three planes, OK? There's a plane of the mind, OK, 44 00:03:46,640 --> 00:03:50,320 Our conscious, subconscious mind, OK. 45 00:03:50,400 --> 00:03:58,240 And we are aware of this. But then there's the spirit, OK, 46 00:03:58,240 --> 00:04:01,800 which is basically the heart, our emotions, how we feel. 47 00:04:02,440 --> 00:04:07,160 And then at, at the very core of our consciousness is the soul. 48 00:04:10,280 --> 00:04:14,000 And all three planes exist at the same time. 49 00:04:14,400 --> 00:04:19,040 And when all three align or correspond, we are happy. 50 00:04:19,399 --> 00:04:22,400 We know who we are. We know what we should do, but 51 00:04:22,400 --> 00:04:26,320 when all three split apart or they are in conflict with each 52 00:04:26,320 --> 00:04:30,280 other, this creates the idea of cognitive dissonance and this 53 00:04:30,480 --> 00:04:34,920 leads to trauma and depression. And that's the issue that 54 00:04:35,880 --> 00:04:39,880 Odysseus, Penelope and Tamakis face, where they're in their 55 00:04:39,880 --> 00:04:45,640 soul, OK? They know that they're all alive 56 00:04:45,720 --> 00:04:50,640 and they will all return to each other one day, OK, But in their 57 00:04:50,640 --> 00:04:56,920 spirit that because of the distance, they have a sense of 58 00:04:56,920 --> 00:05:00,800 depression because they are away from each other and their mind, 59 00:05:01,040 --> 00:05:05,640 they logically believe that Odysseus is dead. 60 00:05:06,080 --> 00:05:08,160 And Odysseus believes that I can never return home. 61 00:05:08,680 --> 00:05:13,440 OK, So there is a disunity of these three things. 62 00:05:13,880 --> 00:05:21,080 And for the family to reunite, they also must combine all three 63 00:05:21,080 --> 00:05:22,560 together. OK. 64 00:05:22,640 --> 00:05:25,280 Does that make sense? Right now, these three different 65 00:05:25,280 --> 00:05:28,320 planes believe different things. There's a different narrative. 66 00:05:29,080 --> 00:05:32,400 And they must combine this narrative into one complete 67 00:05:32,480 --> 00:05:36,320 worldview if they are to come together as a family. 68 00:05:36,520 --> 00:05:40,200 And that is the struggle within the Odyssey. 69 00:05:40,200 --> 00:05:42,560 That is the journey of the Odyssey. 70 00:05:43,560 --> 00:05:49,920 All right. OK, so the main idea that I want 71 00:05:49,920 --> 00:05:55,960 you to understand is that love is a unity of all three, and 72 00:05:56,200 --> 00:06:01,960 love is the burning of the soul, OK? 73 00:06:02,400 --> 00:06:06,120 In other words, what love ultimately is, is intimacy. 74 00:06:08,040 --> 00:06:10,640 How do you know if you love someone? 75 00:06:10,880 --> 00:06:16,160 You love someone not because you think about this person all the 76 00:06:16,160 --> 00:06:20,840 time, Not because you obsess about this person. 77 00:06:20,840 --> 00:06:25,880 You want to possess this person. You love this person. 78 00:06:26,960 --> 00:06:31,760 You know you love this person if you understand this person 79 00:06:32,000 --> 00:06:35,400 intimately. OK, so in other words, you're 80 00:06:35,400 --> 00:06:41,000 able to communicate and understand each other in an 81 00:06:41,000 --> 00:06:44,520 intimate language with cold words and secrets. 82 00:06:44,640 --> 00:06:48,520 You understand, secrets doesn't make sense. 83 00:06:48,800 --> 00:06:52,120 All right, so let's look at this concretely now. 84 00:06:52,320 --> 00:07:00,480 Last class, we read Tamakis visiting Sparta, where Helena 85 00:07:00,480 --> 00:07:04,560 Troy and her husband King Nanalas live. 86 00:07:05,080 --> 00:07:09,200 We discuss how the two don't actually love each other. 87 00:07:09,520 --> 00:07:12,880 We know because they don't speak to each other. 88 00:07:13,640 --> 00:07:16,160 They say words, they tell stories. 89 00:07:16,240 --> 00:07:20,960 We don't really hear each other. OK, so for example, the example 90 00:07:20,960 --> 00:07:27,680 is that Helen, Menelaus and Tamarcus, they all get drunk and 91 00:07:27,680 --> 00:07:31,520 Helen is telling stories of Troy and she tells a story of how 92 00:07:31,840 --> 00:07:37,240 Odysseus infiltrates Troy and he's disguised as a beggar. 93 00:07:37,320 --> 00:07:40,600 But but because Helen is the smartest person in the world, 94 00:07:40,880 --> 00:07:44,720 she sees through his disguise. She bathes him, and then 95 00:07:44,720 --> 00:07:50,040 Odysseus tells her about the chosen of horse, and then she 96 00:07:50,040 --> 00:07:52,760 helps the Greeks implement their plan. 97 00:07:52,760 --> 00:07:55,080 And so she's a real hero of the story. 98 00:07:55,080 --> 00:07:57,320 OK, this is a story she tells herself. 99 00:07:58,920 --> 00:08:01,760 She doesn't even think about the reaction of mental loss. 100 00:08:01,920 --> 00:08:07,200 Who's lost his brother Agamendon and his friend Achilles and 101 00:08:07,200 --> 00:08:10,200 other many other Greeks because of the children war. 102 00:08:10,200 --> 00:08:12,880 OK she doesn't really care about his feelings. 103 00:08:13,120 --> 00:08:16,280 She doesn't really hear him and he doesn't really hear her. 104 00:08:16,280 --> 00:08:21,480 OK so after she tells the story remember Mendelas tell tells a 105 00:08:21,480 --> 00:08:26,120 different story which is Helen you almost got us killed because 106 00:08:26,280 --> 00:08:31,640 when the children horse came into Troy you came and you try 107 00:08:31,640 --> 00:08:35,360 to trick us into revealing ourselves by calling names of 108 00:08:35,360 --> 00:08:39,679 our wives in their voices. And it was only Odysseus who 109 00:08:39,679 --> 00:08:42,600 saved us but because he clashed our mouths. 110 00:08:42,600 --> 00:08:47,040 OK so basically they are shouting at each other but they 111 00:08:47,040 --> 00:08:50,880 don't really hear each other. And when when loss is telling 112 00:08:50,880 --> 00:08:53,720 the story Helen just drifts away. 113 00:08:54,120 --> 00:08:58,640 OK, so this is not love. They are together because 114 00:08:58,640 --> 00:09:01,320 they're stuck together. OK, now what? 115 00:09:01,720 --> 00:09:04,040 Now we're going to see a different version. 116 00:09:04,040 --> 00:09:08,000 OK, We're going to see what love really is like. 117 00:09:08,680 --> 00:09:11,440 And so what's what's happened? What happened is that Odysseus 118 00:09:11,440 --> 00:09:15,400 is disguised as a stranger and returns to Ithaca. 119 00:09:15,880 --> 00:09:19,480 And he he plots with his son Tamakus. 120 00:09:19,480 --> 00:09:22,280 Tamakus actually knows who he is, but no one else knows who he 121 00:09:22,280 --> 00:09:25,720 is. And right now in his house, it 122 00:09:25,720 --> 00:09:29,360 is overrun by suitors, OK? There's dozens of them who are 123 00:09:29,360 --> 00:09:32,800 trying to wait for Penelope's hand. 124 00:09:33,360 --> 00:09:35,600 But Penelope doesn't really tell them anything. 125 00:09:35,600 --> 00:09:39,040 So they just sit around and eat all the food that they can, OK? 126 00:09:39,040 --> 00:09:41,880 They get drunk, They sleep with their servants. 127 00:09:42,120 --> 00:09:44,840 They, they make a mess of things, OK? 128 00:09:45,240 --> 00:09:48,240 And Odysseus goes as a beggar and they just. 129 00:09:48,240 --> 00:09:52,920 And they abused him as well. But Penelope hears that there's 130 00:09:52,920 --> 00:10:01,360 a strange in the house and he she also hears that he's he 131 00:10:01,360 --> 00:10:04,000 knows that her husband Odysseus is still alive. 132 00:10:04,280 --> 00:10:09,880 So she's curious and she asked the beggar Odysseus to come to 133 00:10:09,960 --> 00:10:12,320 her apartment so that they can discuss. 134 00:10:12,680 --> 00:10:17,000 Now, the problem is this. The problem is that the house is 135 00:10:17,000 --> 00:10:21,560 full of servants and some of them are spies to the suitors. 136 00:10:22,240 --> 00:10:26,280 And this is it's a skies has disguised himself because he's 137 00:10:26,280 --> 00:10:30,440 afraid that the shooters, if they knew who he really was, it 138 00:10:30,440 --> 00:10:33,120 would kill him. But he also doesn't really trust 139 00:10:33,120 --> 00:10:36,840 Penelope, OK? He doesn't really know how she 140 00:10:36,840 --> 00:10:42,960 feels about him after 20 years because really he abandoned her, 141 00:10:42,960 --> 00:10:48,040 right? So they have a conversation, but 142 00:10:48,360 --> 00:10:51,280 it's it's a conversation that happens on three different 143 00:10:51,280 --> 00:10:56,000 planes, right? The mine, the spirit and the 144 00:10:56,000 --> 00:10:59,600 soul. At the soul level, they both 145 00:10:59,600 --> 00:11:03,120 know who each other are right away, OK, because they've been 146 00:11:03,160 --> 00:11:06,760 communicating multi dimensionally. 147 00:11:07,480 --> 00:11:09,280 So the soul level, they know the truth. 148 00:11:09,840 --> 00:11:13,640 At the spirit level, they are afraid of each other, but they 149 00:11:13,640 --> 00:11:16,000 long for each other at the mind level. 150 00:11:16,000 --> 00:11:17,880 OK, that's really important, the mind level. 151 00:11:19,320 --> 00:11:23,760 They don't know who each other are, because if they did, 152 00:11:23,760 --> 00:11:26,160 they'll all be dead. OK, The shooters discovered who 153 00:11:26,160 --> 00:11:29,320 Odysseus really is. They would kill Odysseus. 154 00:11:29,840 --> 00:11:34,440 OK, so this conversation between Penelope and Odysseus is the 155 00:11:34,440 --> 00:11:36,280 first conversation they've had in 20 years. 156 00:11:36,920 --> 00:11:39,480 And this conversation is going to happen at three different 157 00:11:39,480 --> 00:11:40,360 levels. OK? 158 00:11:40,680 --> 00:11:46,360 So you need to analyze the conversation at least three 159 00:11:46,360 --> 00:11:49,240 different levels to understand how love works. 160 00:11:49,240 --> 00:11:52,120 All right? So remember, they're talking to 161 00:11:52,120 --> 00:11:53,440 each other. But there are servants. 162 00:11:53,880 --> 00:11:56,640 And these servants, some of them are spies for the suitors. 163 00:11:57,000 --> 00:12:00,200 OK, so there's an public, public language. 164 00:12:00,400 --> 00:12:03,320 And there's a private language. All happened at the same time. 165 00:12:03,560 --> 00:12:08,040 OK, So penalty. Ask the stranger. 166 00:12:08,040 --> 00:12:12,800 Odysseus, prove to me that you actually know my husband. 167 00:12:13,600 --> 00:12:20,560 OK, so can you read Ivory? A good woman, Odysseus, the 168 00:12:20,560 --> 00:12:22,360 great master of subtlety, returned. 169 00:12:22,800 --> 00:12:25,840 How hard it is to speak after so much time apart. 170 00:12:26,360 --> 00:12:30,080 Why some 20 years have passed since he let my left my house 171 00:12:30,080 --> 00:12:33,800 and put my land behind him. Even so, imagine the man as I 172 00:12:33,800 --> 00:12:35,960 portray him. I can see him now. 173 00:12:36,840 --> 00:12:39,520 King Odysseus. He was wearing a heavy woollen 174 00:12:39,520 --> 00:12:42,080 weight Cape Sea purple. OK, stop. 175 00:12:42,120 --> 00:12:46,800 OK. Thank you. 176 00:12:46,800 --> 00:12:50,080 One more. In double folds with a a golden 177 00:12:50,080 --> 00:12:53,720 brooch to collapse it. Twin chiefs for the pins on the 178 00:12:53,720 --> 00:12:54,960 face. A work of art. 179 00:12:55,560 --> 00:12:59,240 A hound clenching a dapple fawn in his front paws, slashing it 180 00:12:59,240 --> 00:13:02,760 as it riffs. All marvel to see it solid gold 181 00:13:02,760 --> 00:13:05,240 as it was. The hound slashing, throttling 182 00:13:05,240 --> 00:13:08,920 the fawn in his death throes who's failing to break free. 183 00:13:09,480 --> 00:13:13,000 I noticed his glossy tunic too, clinging to his skin like this, 184 00:13:13,360 --> 00:13:17,640 like the thin, glistening skin of a dried onion, silky soft, 185 00:13:17,640 --> 00:13:21,160 The glint of the sun itself. Women galore would gaze on it 186 00:13:21,160 --> 00:13:24,280 with relish. And this too bear it in mind, 187 00:13:24,280 --> 00:13:27,120 won't you? I have no idea if Odysseys wore 188 00:13:27,120 --> 00:13:30,920 these things at home, or a comrade gave him as he boarded 189 00:13:30,920 --> 00:13:34,000 ship or host. Perhaps the man was loved by 190 00:13:34,000 --> 00:13:36,720 many. There were a few Achians sequel 191 00:13:36,720 --> 00:13:41,560 him and I I gave him a bronze sword myself, a lined cloak, 192 00:13:41,960 --> 00:13:46,080 elegant deep red and a French shirt as well, and I saw him off 193 00:13:46,120 --> 00:13:48,560 in his long benship of war in the lordly style. 194 00:13:49,360 --> 00:13:52,720 Something else. He kept a herald beside him, a 195 00:13:52,720 --> 00:13:56,360 man a little older than himself. I'll try to describe him to you 196 00:13:56,480 --> 00:13:58,760 best I can. Round shouldered. 197 00:13:58,760 --> 00:14:04,680 He was swore the curly curly haired his name Euribates and 198 00:14:04,680 --> 00:14:06,800 Odysseus prized him most of all his men. 199 00:14:07,080 --> 00:14:10,400 Their minds worked as one. His words renewed her deep 200 00:14:10,400 --> 00:14:11,320 desire to weep. OK. 201 00:14:11,600 --> 00:14:13,480 Her words renewed her deep desire to weep. 202 00:14:13,480 --> 00:14:19,400 OK, Meaning that his words moved her spirit, moved her heart. 203 00:14:19,840 --> 00:14:24,000 OK, now you read this and you have actually no idea what's 204 00:14:24,000 --> 00:14:27,080 going on. And in fact, no one knows what's 205 00:14:27,080 --> 00:14:29,240 going on. The servants, the suitors, they 206 00:14:29,240 --> 00:14:31,760 might overhear this, but they have absolutely no idea what's 207 00:14:31,760 --> 00:14:36,320 being talked about. But these words are able to move 208 00:14:36,320 --> 00:14:41,320 Penelope to tears because she now feels her heart stirring. 209 00:14:41,520 --> 00:14:47,160 She now feels as though her heart is alive again after 20 210 00:14:47,160 --> 00:14:50,480 years of being dormant. OK, why? 211 00:14:50,960 --> 00:14:56,400 The answer is that in this language there is a code, there 212 00:14:56,400 --> 00:15:01,920 is a great secret that only Odysseus and Palpi know, OK, and 213 00:15:01,920 --> 00:15:04,160 you, you can't actually find it yourself, but I'll tell you what 214 00:15:04,160 --> 00:15:06,680 it is. And it's the word brooch, Golden 215 00:15:06,680 --> 00:15:09,560 brooch. OK, this reveals that this 216 00:15:09,560 --> 00:15:13,680 person speaking must be Audysseus and the end and the 217 00:15:13,680 --> 00:15:19,120 reason why is look at the detail on the face of work of art, how 218 00:15:19,120 --> 00:15:23,720 things planting a double film, it goes on and on and on and on. 219 00:15:23,840 --> 00:15:25,440 And what does this poetry reveal? 220 00:15:25,640 --> 00:15:30,960 This poetry reveals that this broach is prized. 221 00:15:31,520 --> 00:15:36,160 This broach is embedded in the imagination of Odysseus. 222 00:15:36,680 --> 00:15:41,320 So what is this thing? This is a thing that 20 years 223 00:15:41,320 --> 00:15:45,720 ago Odysseus is about to set sail to Troy, right? 224 00:15:46,480 --> 00:15:51,440 Penalty says, says to Odysseus, the prophet says you'll be gone 225 00:15:51,440 --> 00:15:55,320 for 20 years, 10 years in Troy, 10 years lost at sea. 226 00:15:55,600 --> 00:15:59,320 This is as I know. And penalty says, take this with 227 00:15:59,320 --> 00:16:00,000 you. It's a golden. 228 00:16:00,200 --> 00:16:04,600 It's a golden broach, OK? Take this with you and promise 229 00:16:04,600 --> 00:16:07,000 you that you'll return this to me. 230 00:16:07,600 --> 00:16:10,440 And what this is, yes. OK, now he get lost at sea and 231 00:16:10,440 --> 00:16:13,200 he loses the broach. But what does he bring back? 232 00:16:13,280 --> 00:16:17,760 He brings back the memory of their departure together. 233 00:16:17,840 --> 00:16:19,360 And this is what the words reveal. 234 00:16:19,520 --> 00:16:22,040 OK. It's impossible to see, all 235 00:16:22,040 --> 00:16:23,120 right? And it's something that you will 236 00:16:23,120 --> 00:16:24,960 have to discover for yourself. But I'm telling you right now 237 00:16:24,960 --> 00:16:28,480 what this is, right? So this is an example of the 238 00:16:28,480 --> 00:16:32,800 mind, the spirit and the soul, the language working together, 239 00:16:32,800 --> 00:16:36,200 OK. And now Penelope, in her spirit 240 00:16:36,680 --> 00:16:41,520 knows this must be Odysseus. OK, not the mind. 241 00:16:41,680 --> 00:16:45,480 The mind is still stuck in the present, but her soul has always 242 00:16:45,480 --> 00:16:47,960 known. Now her spirit knows. 243 00:16:48,800 --> 00:16:51,080 All right. And then after this conversation 244 00:16:51,560 --> 00:16:55,880 where Penelope is moved by her spirit to acknowledge that her 245 00:16:55,880 --> 00:16:59,600 husband is still alive, they can call it a plan to kill all the 246 00:16:59,600 --> 00:17:01,080 suitors. And the plan is this. 247 00:17:02,200 --> 00:17:04,839 Penelope will announce to the suitors. 248 00:17:05,400 --> 00:17:08,640 Listen, it's been 20 years and it's about time I get married 249 00:17:08,640 --> 00:17:10,480 and get out of the household. So I'm going to have a 250 00:17:10,480 --> 00:17:13,800 competition. Whoever wins this competition, I 251 00:17:13,800 --> 00:17:15,560 will marry, OK. And the competition is this. 252 00:17:16,520 --> 00:17:21,160 This is has a bowl. If you're able to string 253 00:17:21,160 --> 00:17:28,040 together this bowl and shoot a target, then I will marry you, 254 00:17:29,000 --> 00:17:30,760 OK. And the great secret, of course, 255 00:17:30,760 --> 00:17:36,440 is that there's only one person in the whole universe who can 256 00:17:36,440 --> 00:17:38,640 string together this bowl. And that, of course, is 257 00:17:38,640 --> 00:17:40,800 Odysseus. No one else can do this. 258 00:17:41,320 --> 00:17:42,920 So the the students don't know this. 259 00:17:42,920 --> 00:17:46,160 So there's a competition. All the shooters try their best, 260 00:17:46,160 --> 00:17:48,480 but they can't do it. And then Odysseus, we still 261 00:17:48,480 --> 00:17:52,040 disguise that. The beggar says let me try, OK. 262 00:17:52,040 --> 00:17:54,200 And the shooters are like, what are you talking about? 263 00:17:54,200 --> 00:17:55,960 You're just a stupid beggar. Get out of here. 264 00:17:56,320 --> 00:18:02,040 But somehow this is is able to try and of course it shootings 265 00:18:02,040 --> 00:18:06,240 together the bowl. Okay, and this is the climax of 266 00:18:06,320 --> 00:18:09,160 the epic, the Odyssey. Okay, So what we did together? 267 00:18:09,520 --> 00:18:11,840 All right, Can you read it, Ivory? 268 00:18:12,920 --> 00:18:14,520 So they're marked. They are the shooters. 269 00:18:14,520 --> 00:18:18,800 Of course, mastermind in action. Once he'd handled the great bow 270 00:18:18,800 --> 00:18:21,680 and scanned every inch. Then like an expert singer 271 00:18:21,920 --> 00:18:25,920 skilled at lyre in song, who strains a string to a new peg 272 00:18:25,920 --> 00:18:29,360 with ease, making the ply and sheep gut fast at either end. 273 00:18:29,880 --> 00:18:33,680 So with his with his virtuoso ease, Odysseus strong his mighty 274 00:18:33,680 --> 00:18:36,120 bow. Quickly his right hand plugged a 275 00:18:36,120 --> 00:18:39,720 string to test his pitch, and under his touch it sang out, 276 00:18:39,720 --> 00:18:41,840 clear and sharp as a swallows cry. 277 00:18:42,600 --> 00:18:46,440 Horror swept through the suitors faces blanching white, and Zeus 278 00:18:46,440 --> 00:18:49,200 cracked the sky with a bolt. His blazing sign. 279 00:18:49,480 --> 00:18:52,760 And the great man who had borne so much, rejoiced at last that 280 00:18:52,760 --> 00:18:56,040 the that the son of cunning Cronus flung that omen down for 281 00:18:56,040 --> 00:18:57,040 him. OK, keep on reading. 282 00:18:58,080 --> 00:19:01,320 He snatched A winged arrow lying bare on the board, the rest 283 00:19:01,320 --> 00:19:04,400 still bristle deep inside the quiver soon to be tasted by all 284 00:19:04,400 --> 00:19:07,080 the feasers. There sitting shaft on the hand 285 00:19:07,080 --> 00:19:11,480 gripped, drawing the notch and bowstring back back right from 286 00:19:11,480 --> 00:19:14,920 his stool just as he sat, but aiming straight and true he let 287 00:19:14,920 --> 00:19:18,600 fly and never missing an axe from the first axe handle clean 288 00:19:18,600 --> 00:19:21,680 on through the last and out the shaft with with his wade. 289 00:19:21,680 --> 00:19:26,200 Brazen headshot free my son. Odysseus looked to Telemachus 290 00:19:26,200 --> 00:19:29,760 and said, Your guest sitting here in your house has not 291 00:19:29,760 --> 00:19:33,760 disgraced you. No missing the mark look and no 292 00:19:33,760 --> 00:19:35,400 long labor is spent to string the bow. 293 00:19:36,000 --> 00:19:39,240 My strings not broken yet not quite so frail as the mocking 294 00:19:39,240 --> 00:19:42,120 suitors thought. But the hour has come to serve 295 00:19:42,120 --> 00:19:45,560 our masters right. Suffer in broad daylight, then 296 00:19:45,560 --> 00:19:48,760 to other rebels, song and dancing, all that crowns of 297 00:19:48,760 --> 00:19:55,360 feast. OK, so remember the main problem 298 00:19:56,280 --> 00:20:00,800 conflict in the Odyssey is that Odysseus, his worldview is 299 00:20:00,800 --> 00:20:03,440 shattered, his sense of identity, purpose is shattered. 300 00:20:03,680 --> 00:20:08,160 He went to try to fight for justice, to fight for family. 301 00:20:08,680 --> 00:20:13,440 To leave a legacy for his son. But instead he ends up 302 00:20:13,560 --> 00:20:17,360 destroying families, he ends up causing a war crime. 303 00:20:17,960 --> 00:20:20,720 And he's too ashamed now to face his son. 304 00:20:20,960 --> 00:20:28,800 OK, so this passage where Odysseus assembles his bow and 305 00:20:28,800 --> 00:20:33,040 shoots a target, what it represents metaphorically is a 306 00:20:33,040 --> 00:20:37,640 resurrection of his soul, his worldview, OK? 307 00:20:37,680 --> 00:20:42,960 The alignment of his mind, his soul and his spirit, which makes 308 00:20:42,960 --> 00:20:48,080 him invincible now. And what allows him to assemble 309 00:20:48,280 --> 00:20:50,840 the bull? What allows him to resurrect his 310 00:20:50,840 --> 00:20:54,240 identity? The love of his son and the love 311 00:20:54,280 --> 00:21:02,320 of his wife, right? Because he first needs to know 312 00:21:02,320 --> 00:21:05,360 if Penelope still loves him or not. 313 00:21:05,360 --> 00:21:09,600 And he knows because they when they talk, they're able to 314 00:21:09,600 --> 00:21:11,640 understand each other intimately. 315 00:21:12,080 --> 00:21:18,680 OK, so now what's what will happen is it's almost as though 316 00:21:20,240 --> 00:21:24,640 a normal person is now transforming into a Superman. 317 00:21:24,640 --> 00:21:30,400 OK. And because he knows he's 318 00:21:30,400 --> 00:21:37,120 fighting for right, Zeus gave him a blazing sign. 319 00:21:37,120 --> 00:21:41,600 OK, So now that he has resurrected himself, the gods 320 00:21:41,600 --> 00:21:44,080 look down and rejoice and smile upon him. 321 00:21:44,200 --> 00:21:49,360 And he knows that finally he will fight for justice, for 322 00:21:49,360 --> 00:21:53,280 family, for his son. OK. 323 00:21:53,280 --> 00:21:57,360 And And even though he and Tabaqas are heavily outnumbered, 324 00:21:57,600 --> 00:22:00,600 they basically kill everyone. OK. 325 00:22:02,320 --> 00:22:05,840 All right. So now after the suits are dead, 326 00:22:07,080 --> 00:22:12,160 Odysseus has a problem, which is he now has to reveal himself to 327 00:22:12,320 --> 00:22:14,080 Penelope. OK. 328 00:22:14,440 --> 00:22:17,920 So in the soul level, they are together again. 329 00:22:18,040 --> 00:22:19,720 At the spirit level, they're still together. 330 00:22:19,720 --> 00:22:21,680 Together. They're now together again. 331 00:22:21,800 --> 00:22:25,440 The mind at the mind level, it's harder. 332 00:22:25,600 --> 00:22:31,720 It's harder, OK, because how does Odysseus explain to her why 333 00:22:31,720 --> 00:22:36,320 he was gone for 20 years? How does he explain to her that 334 00:22:36,320 --> 00:22:37,960 he was in disguise all this time? 335 00:22:38,760 --> 00:22:43,880 OK, so let's read this Patches to see how they reconcile 336 00:22:43,880 --> 00:22:47,360 themselves. OK All right, so this is panoply 337 00:22:48,320 --> 00:22:51,920 who who is still distant. OK, this is has revealed 338 00:22:51,920 --> 00:22:55,480 himself, but Penelope has got kind of dizziness. 339 00:22:55,560 --> 00:22:59,680 OK, she's still depressed and she doesn't yet want to admit to 340 00:22:59,680 --> 00:23:02,160 in our heart that her husband is still alive. 341 00:23:02,160 --> 00:23:06,440 OK All right, so she's keeping distance from him. 342 00:23:06,920 --> 00:23:15,240 So he basically tells her maid, your Clea, to go make a bed for 343 00:23:16,280 --> 00:23:18,480 for Odysseus. She's still not comfortable with 344 00:23:18,480 --> 00:23:20,160 him. So they'll sleep in different 345 00:23:20,160 --> 00:23:25,280 chambers tonight, OK? Call Mira Clea, move this sturdy 346 00:23:25,280 --> 00:23:28,560 bed set out of our bridal chamber, That room the Master 347 00:23:28,560 --> 00:23:31,920 built with his own hands. Take it out now, sturdy bed that 348 00:23:31,920 --> 00:23:35,600 it is, and spread it deep with fleece blankets and luster 349 00:23:35,920 --> 00:23:39,200 throws to keep him warm. OK, so you know, I'm, you know, 350 00:23:39,520 --> 00:23:41,440 it's all shocked to me. Odysseus. 351 00:23:41,440 --> 00:23:43,440 I know you're my husband, but you've been gone away for 20 352 00:23:43,440 --> 00:23:47,560 years, so I would feel much more comfortable to if you slept 353 00:23:47,560 --> 00:23:50,360 somewhere else. OK, so we're going to move your 354 00:23:50,360 --> 00:23:54,600 bed and move it outside, and we'll cover it with nice 355 00:23:54,600 --> 00:23:57,440 blankets. All right, keep on going. 356 00:23:58,440 --> 00:24:01,680 Putting her husband to the proof, But Odysseus blazed up in 357 00:24:01,680 --> 00:24:04,120 fury, lashing out at his loyal wife. 358 00:24:05,000 --> 00:24:07,560 Woman, your words, they cut me to the core. 359 00:24:07,920 --> 00:24:11,400 Who can move my bed? Impossible task, even for some 360 00:24:11,400 --> 00:24:14,480 skilled Craftsman. Unless a God came down in 361 00:24:14,480 --> 00:24:17,760 person, quick to lend a hand, lifted it out with ease, and 362 00:24:17,760 --> 00:24:21,720 moved it elsewhere, not a man on earth, not even at peak 363 00:24:21,720 --> 00:24:24,480 strength, would find it easy to prize it up and shifted. 364 00:24:24,800 --> 00:24:28,440 No, a great sign, a hallmark, lies in its construction. 365 00:24:29,040 --> 00:24:31,840 I know I built it myself, no one else. 366 00:24:32,600 --> 00:24:35,960 There was a branching olive tree inside a court, grown to its 367 00:24:35,960 --> 00:24:40,080 full prime, the bowl like a column thick set around it. 368 00:24:40,080 --> 00:24:43,120 I built my bedroom, finished off the walls with good tight 369 00:24:43,120 --> 00:24:46,400 stonework, roofed it over soundly and out of doors, hung 370 00:24:46,400 --> 00:24:49,400 well and stuck snugly wedged. Then I chopped. 371 00:24:49,400 --> 00:24:53,280 I lopped the leafy crown of the of the olive clean, cutting the 372 00:24:53,280 --> 00:24:57,680 sun bear from roots up. OK, keep on going. 373 00:24:59,800 --> 00:25:03,720 Planning it round with a bronze smoothing ad, I had the skill. 374 00:25:04,000 --> 00:25:07,480 I shaped it plumbed to the line to make my bed posts, bored the 375 00:25:07,480 --> 00:25:09,600 holes it needed with an with an auger. 376 00:25:10,280 --> 00:25:13,160 Working from there I built my bed start to finish. 377 00:25:13,320 --> 00:25:17,560 I gave it ivory inlays, gold and silver fittings, wove the straps 378 00:25:17,560 --> 00:25:21,600 across it, oxide gleaming red. There's our secret sign. 379 00:25:21,600 --> 00:25:25,880 I tell you our life story. That's the bed, my lady, still 380 00:25:25,880 --> 00:25:28,400 sand planted firm. I don't know. 381 00:25:28,680 --> 00:25:31,240 Or has someone chopped away their olive trunk and hold their 382 00:25:31,240 --> 00:25:35,600 bed set off living proof. Penelope felt her knees go 383 00:25:35,600 --> 00:25:39,040 slack, her heart surrender, recognizing the strong clear 384 00:25:39,040 --> 00:25:42,880 signs Odysseus offered. She dissolved in tears, rushed 385 00:25:42,880 --> 00:25:45,840 to Odysseus, flung her arms around his neck and kissed it 386 00:25:45,840 --> 00:25:49,880 head and cried out. Cried out, Odysseus, don't flare 387 00:25:49,880 --> 00:25:52,840 up at at me now. Not you, Always the most 388 00:25:52,840 --> 00:25:55,280 understanding man alive. The gods. 389 00:25:55,560 --> 00:25:57,160 It was the gods who sent in a sorrow. 390 00:25:57,640 --> 00:26:00,400 They grudged us both alive in each other's arms, from the 391 00:26:00,400 --> 00:26:02,880 heady zest of youth to the soup of old age. 392 00:26:03,360 --> 00:26:06,360 But don't fault me, angry with me now because I failed. 393 00:26:06,800 --> 00:26:12,120 I had the first glimpse to greet you, hold you So in my heart of 394 00:26:12,120 --> 00:26:16,040 hearts I always cringe with fear some fraud might come beguile me 395 00:26:16,040 --> 00:26:19,360 with this talk. OK, so again, this is secret 396 00:26:19,400 --> 00:26:21,760 language. This is an imminent language 397 00:26:21,800 --> 00:26:26,280 between Odysseus and Penelope. On the surface, it seems as 398 00:26:26,280 --> 00:26:28,880 though Penelope is just testing Odysseus. 399 00:26:28,880 --> 00:26:31,360 Are you really my husband? Do you really know that this bed 400 00:26:31,360 --> 00:26:32,760 is something that can't be moved? 401 00:26:33,200 --> 00:26:36,360 And Odysseus says, yes, I know, OK, that's the public, OK. 402 00:26:36,360 --> 00:26:40,080 But at the subconscious level, at the spirit level, what this 403 00:26:40,080 --> 00:26:43,480 conversation really is about is Penelope is saying to Odysseus, 404 00:26:44,160 --> 00:26:49,360 you know, 20 years ago you abandoned us for glory in war. 405 00:26:49,920 --> 00:26:54,880 How do I know that if we let you back into our life, you won't 406 00:26:54,880 --> 00:26:59,880 seek adventure again? You just won't run off and go to 407 00:26:59,880 --> 00:27:04,760 war to seek eternal glory. Now, this says that this bed is 408 00:27:04,760 --> 00:27:08,680 my heart. This bed is something that I 409 00:27:08,680 --> 00:27:13,400 worked really hard to create with loving care for years and 410 00:27:13,400 --> 00:27:16,000 years and years. And this is where my heart is. 411 00:27:16,160 --> 00:27:21,520 The bed is my love for you, and it cannot be moved. 412 00:27:22,680 --> 00:27:26,480 And it's something that is the foundation of who I am. 413 00:27:26,920 --> 00:27:28,880 So I will never, ever leave you again. 414 00:27:29,720 --> 00:27:34,360 I will make my home here with you for all of eternity, OK? 415 00:27:35,640 --> 00:27:38,880 All right. And So what we now see is 416 00:27:39,000 --> 00:27:44,760 finally the alignment and Penelope between mind, spirit 417 00:27:44,840 --> 00:27:48,360 and soul, and that makes her alive again. 418 00:27:48,360 --> 00:27:54,520 OK, all right, now she's happy. She flings herself around 419 00:27:54,520 --> 00:27:58,280 Odysseus and acknowledges the love of her life has returned. 420 00:27:59,560 --> 00:28:06,240 OK, so the last thing I want to discuss with you is what really 421 00:28:06,240 --> 00:28:12,480 is the purpose of life? So while on his journey, 422 00:28:12,480 --> 00:28:16,680 Odysseus travels to underworld and he meets Agamemnon and 423 00:28:16,680 --> 00:28:18,080 Achilles. OK. 424 00:28:18,080 --> 00:28:20,840 And Odysseus and Achilles have a conversation. 425 00:28:21,520 --> 00:28:23,480 OK, can you read? I agree. 426 00:28:24,680 --> 00:28:27,800 But you, Achilles, there's not a man in the world more blessed 427 00:28:27,800 --> 00:28:30,360 than you. There never has been, never will 428 00:28:30,360 --> 00:28:32,560 be. One time was when you were 429 00:28:32,560 --> 00:28:34,680 alive. We archives honour you like a 430 00:28:34,680 --> 00:28:37,520 God. And now down here I see you 431 00:28:37,520 --> 00:28:39,480 lorded over the dead in all your power. 432 00:28:40,000 --> 00:28:42,600 So groove no more a dying great Achilles. 433 00:28:42,600 --> 00:28:45,600 OK, so this brings us back to the Iliad, right? 434 00:28:45,600 --> 00:28:51,160 So remember in the Iliad, the Iliad is about Achilles, and 435 00:28:51,160 --> 00:28:55,280 Achilles tells everyone that I can, I can destroy because I was 436 00:28:55,280 --> 00:29:00,800 giving a prophecy. I could either die an old man 437 00:29:01,560 --> 00:29:06,400 who no one knows back at home, or I could die young as a great 438 00:29:06,400 --> 00:29:10,240 hero and the source of Troy. And of course, that's not really 439 00:29:10,240 --> 00:29:12,280 a choice. Of course I want I want to be 440 00:29:12,280 --> 00:29:14,720 famous. Of course I want people to 441 00:29:14,720 --> 00:29:16,280 celebrate me. OK. 442 00:29:16,320 --> 00:29:20,360 So he he goes to Troy. He kills Hector, proves he's the 443 00:29:20,360 --> 00:29:23,000 greatest warrior in the world. The Greeks celebrate him. 444 00:29:23,120 --> 00:29:28,000 And then he dies and the source of Troy, as is prophesized. 445 00:29:28,000 --> 00:29:30,720 OK. And so Odysseus meets Achilles. 446 00:29:31,400 --> 00:29:35,080 And Odysseus says, Achilles, Achilles, you must be so happy 447 00:29:35,080 --> 00:29:36,720 down here because everyone worships you. 448 00:29:37,400 --> 00:29:41,440 And just as everyone worships you back in our world, you've 449 00:29:41,440 --> 00:29:44,240 accomplished everything that you've set out to accomplish. 450 00:29:44,240 --> 00:29:47,400 Achilles, you must be so happy with yourself, right? 451 00:29:47,400 --> 00:29:52,240 And then Achilles says. I reassured the ghost, but he 452 00:29:52,240 --> 00:29:55,600 broke out protesting. No winning words about death to 453 00:29:55,600 --> 00:29:57,120 me. Shining Odysseus. 454 00:29:57,480 --> 00:30:01,080 By God, I'd rather slave on earth for another man, some dirt 455 00:30:01,080 --> 00:30:04,960 poor tenant farmer who scrapes to keep alive, then rule down 456 00:30:04,960 --> 00:30:06,720 here over all the breathless dead. 457 00:30:07,360 --> 00:30:09,920 But come, tell me the news about my gallant son. 458 00:30:10,560 --> 00:30:13,720 Did he make his way to the wars? Did the boy became become a 459 00:30:13,720 --> 00:30:15,640 champion? Yes or no? 460 00:30:16,160 --> 00:30:19,520 Tell me of noble Pelius. Any word you've heard still 461 00:30:19,520 --> 00:30:22,240 holding pride of place among his Murmodon hordes? 462 00:30:22,480 --> 00:30:25,920 Or do they despise the man in Hellas and Amphithea because old 463 00:30:25,920 --> 00:30:27,640 age has claimed his arms and legs? 464 00:30:28,440 --> 00:30:30,520 For I no longer stand in the light of day. 465 00:30:30,800 --> 00:30:34,520 The man I was comrade in arms to help my father is once I helped 466 00:30:34,680 --> 00:30:38,040 our armies killing the best fighters Troy could field in the 467 00:30:38,040 --> 00:30:43,080 wild wide world up up there. OK, so Akili's response and says 468 00:30:43,200 --> 00:30:47,320 Odysseus, I'm dead now. So now I can look at my life in 469 00:30:47,320 --> 00:30:50,280 its entirety. I can now for all of attorney 470 00:30:50,640 --> 00:30:54,280 consider what is what is important, what is purposeful, 471 00:30:54,400 --> 00:30:56,320 what gives us meaning and purpose. 472 00:30:56,520 --> 00:31:00,320 And I discovered that, you know what I regret my life. 473 00:31:00,800 --> 00:31:05,480 Because I should have died an old man, my family, rather than 474 00:31:05,480 --> 00:31:07,280 go die young in the shores of Troy. 475 00:31:07,560 --> 00:31:12,280 Because being dead, I asked myself what makes me happy. 476 00:31:12,280 --> 00:31:16,480 And what makes me happy are the memories of my father, are the 477 00:31:16,480 --> 00:31:19,360 memories of my son. That's what I care about. 478 00:31:19,680 --> 00:31:25,240 That's the purpose of life. That is what gives life meaning. 479 00:31:26,040 --> 00:31:31,800 OK, so that is the ultimate, the ultimate moral of the story of 480 00:31:31,800 --> 00:31:37,120 the Odyssey, which is to say that we are here to seek love 481 00:31:37,360 --> 00:31:40,640 because love is what gives meaning and purpose to our our 482 00:31:41,480 --> 00:31:44,480 lives. So to construct a family, to 483 00:31:44,480 --> 00:31:47,840 build a family that you can love, it's much more important. 484 00:31:48,000 --> 00:31:50,520 It will give you much more happiness than building an 485 00:31:50,520 --> 00:31:54,920 empire, than being the most famous person in the world. 486 00:31:55,240 --> 00:31:59,680 And this story, this legacy, is what will become the foundation 487 00:31:59,680 --> 00:32:02,960 of Greek civilization, which is humanity's greatest 488 00:32:02,960 --> 00:32:04,680 civilization. OK.