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You're listening to episode 215 
of the Marathon Running Podcast.

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In this episode, we're going to 
talk about the different energy 

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systems you use for different 
runs. 

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This is the Marathon Running 
Podcast by Letty and Ryan from 

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We Got the Runs. 
Join us in our running community

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for weekly content that is 
motivational, educational, and 

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inspirational, and that the 
Marathon Running Podcast take 

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you from the starting line to 
the finish line and beyond. 

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Hey runners, and welcome to 
episode 215. 

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My name is Letty. 
I am your only host today. 

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The reason being it's summertime
and I'm currently traveling with

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the kids. 
Ryan had to stay behind. 

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He couldn't get the days off 
work. 

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So unfortunately for him, he's 
not joining in on all the fun. 

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If you want to see where we're 
due, where we are, and what 

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we're doing, you can follow us 
on Instagram or YouTube where we

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are posting plenty of stuff 
weekly. 

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So anyway, let's make this short
and sweet. 

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In this week's episode, we have 
a guest that we've had on 

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multiple times because we love 
his logical thinking and all 

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that stuff. 
It is coach Chris Knighton who 

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talks to us about the different 
energy systems that we use when 

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we do various types of friends. 
So, for example, when we run a 

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5K, do we run the same way as we
do when we run a marathon? 

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Do we use the aerobic system or 
not? 

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And there will be some surprises
because while 5K's are not my 

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favorites and they feel like I'm
running anaerobically, in this 

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conversation I learned that I'm 
not. 

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However, since I'm not running 
anaerobically for the 5K 

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distance and I'm not really 
planning on running any shorter 

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distances, why is it so 
important to train the aerobic 

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system? 
I'm sorry, the anaerobic system?

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Who? 
It's a lot, but this stuff is 

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important, guys, because even if
we're not looking to PR in the 

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marathon distance, it helps to 
know things, right? 

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Knowledge is power, so if we're 
armed with knowledge of why 

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we're doing certain things, 
we're more likely to do them. 

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I know I'll be more likely to do
speed work for my next marathon 

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training cycle, which would be 
starting right now anyway. 

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So without making this enter any
longer than it needs to be, I'm 

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now going to play my 
conversation with Coach Chris 

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Knighton. 
All right, so I'm back on with 

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Coach Chris Knight. 
And Chris, thank you so much for

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coming on. 
Hi Letty, thanks for having me 

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on again. 
I'm always happy to be on your 

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show. 
Of course, yeah. 

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And today we are going to talk 
about the different energy 

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systems for different distances.
And I guess mainly that would be

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aerobic and aerobic systems that
we use for certain runs. 

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So maybe we can start out by 
with the definition of what all 

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this event means. 
Yeah, sure. 

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So without getting too 
complicated with this, basically

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there's there's three different 
energy systems that our body can

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use for fugal. 
To put it in not so technical 

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terms, you can think of an 
immediate energy system, a short

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term energy system and a long 
term energy system. 

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To get a little bit more 
technical with what this is, 

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essentially we use a, a 
substance in our body called ATP

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that triggers any movement in 
our body, any kind of muscle 

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contractions. 
And ATP can be created in three 

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different ways. 
There's one system, which is our

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immediate energy system. 
It's the, it's the amount of 

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energy that's just stored in, in
our body that's ready to act at 

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any moment. 
It's, it's basically, if you 

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think about it, like if, you 
know, if I was, if I was the 

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caveman and the, and the tiger 
jumped out at me, you know, I'd 

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be able to, I'd be able to jump 
and Sprint away really fast. 

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That energy is always stored 
within my body and is 

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immediately accessible. 
That energy, it doesn't take any

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oxygen to use. 
It's just stored readily 

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available. 
It's available not for a lot of 

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time though. 
Like you can Sprint all out for,

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I don't know, 10 seconds or 
something, and then you run out 

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of that energy system. 
The cool thing about that 

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immediate term energy system is 
there's not really any negative 

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effects to our body on it. 
Like you could Sprint really 

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fast for 510 seconds, let's say 
like 5 seconds, and not really 

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have any residual fatigue or 
anything after it. 

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If you were to try to run really
fast beyond let's say 5 seconds,

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then you start going into more 
of a intermediate term energy 

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system. 
I believe this is called the 

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like colic energy system, but 
I'll leave that for the 

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biologists. 
Get more detailed in this is 

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what this is when you start to 
feel lactic acid. 

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So if you Sprint for a long time
and for a long time and 

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sprinting is, is actually like 
let's say 10 / 10 seconds, 

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you're really going to start to 
build up that sensation of 

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lactic acid. 
This is one of the the 

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byproducts of the glycolic 
energy system where your body is

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fueling itself through, through 
a chemical reaction in your body

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that is not powered by oxygen to
provide you with a, a tremendous

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amount of energy. 
But you can only draw upon the 

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short term energy system for 
about 30 seconds to a minute 

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until your body is just totally 
going to collapse, you know, So 

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like you think about sprinting 
all out. 

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You could, you could Sprint for 
like 5 seconds, you'd be OK, not

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really feel anything. 
You tried to Sprint for like 30 

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seconds, You'd be pretty wrecked
after that. 

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But then we have what for 
distance runners is really the 

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most, the most useful energy 
system is the one that we use 

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pretty much 99% of the time and 
that's the long term energy 

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system. 
This is really the, the aerobic 

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energy system and this is 
powering our movements through 

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aerobic metabolism essentially, 
you know, breathing in oxygen 

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and then through the, the 
magical processes that our body 

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transfer you that oxygen through
our veins, through our 

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capillaries into our muscles and
powering our our muscles and 

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movements through that aerobic 
system. 

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Oxygen has the power to make us 
move for for hours on end. 

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It's essentially unlimited. 
And how long we can move through

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the the, the power of the oxygen
system, the aerobic system, and 

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hopefully without getting too 
sciency, those are kind of the 

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three different energy systems 
we can rely on as runners. 

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OK, perfect. 
So then just to to remind us the

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acronyms ATPPC, what does that 
stand for? 

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Yeah. 
So ATP and phosphocreatine some.

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So sometimes this is called the 
phosphogen system. 

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And essentially this is the this
this energy that's stored within

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our body at all times that we 
can use immediately and it 

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functions without the use of 
oxygen. 

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So this is like, you know, if 
you're just out and on a run and

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all of a sudden a dog starts, 
starts chasing you and you get 

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freaked out and then you can 
Sprint really fast for like 5 to

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10 seconds. 
That's you drawing upon the the 

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phosphogen system in your body 
or the ATP and phosphocreatine 

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power system in your body. 
OK, Chris, how do you think I 

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should approach this best? 
Yeah. 

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So I think as as distance 
runners, we think about the 

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different events that we do and 
all of these systems play a 

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role, but they play a role in 
different percentages, let's 

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say. 
So of the three main, the three 

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energy systems that I just 
described, there's the the 

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immediate energy system, which 
is this ATPPC system. 

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There's the short term energy 
system, which is the glycolic 

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system. 
This is what produces lactic 

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acid and causes us to to rig up 
after sprinting really fast for 

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let's say 30 seconds, but 
provides tremendous power for 

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that short 30 seconds. 
And then there's the long term 

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energy system, which is the 
aerobic system. 

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And this can provide, you know, 
hours of energy and, and power. 

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However, it's, you know, you're 
not this, this is the aerobic 

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system. 
It's it's not as fast, it's not 

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as powerful, but it's consistent
for for a long period of time. 

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So when we run, we're we're 
always really kind of using all 

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three of these, but we're 
primarily using our long term 

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energy system. 
We're using the aerobic energy 

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system. 
So if you were to search online,

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a simple question, you know how 
aerobic verse anaerobic is. 

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Let's say the marathon. 
You're going to come up with 

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different charts and this is 
somewhat going to vary from 

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athlete to athlete, but the 
marathon is basically 98% 

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aerobic and like 2% anaerobic. 
So as marathon runners, we're 

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really just relying on the 
aerobic system, the anaerobic 

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energy system, that sprinting 
power that you can get plays a 

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very small role in your overall 
performance. 

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If we would go down to shorter 
distances, like let's say the 

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5K, the 5K is maybe about 90% 
aerobic. 

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So it's still primarily aerobic.
It's, it's, you know, compared 

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to an all out Sprint for 30 
seconds, the 5K is 90% using the

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aerobic system, but it's maybe 
about 10% using the anaerobic 

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system as well. 
Because you know, for us 

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distance runners, the 5K does 
feel very fast for us and we are

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starting to build up lactic acid
towards the end of it. 

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But it's primarily aerobic and 
we don't go too deep into the 

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lactic systems. 
If we go even shorter distances,

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like the one mile run, the one 
mile run, which you know, for me

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is under 5 minutes for some of 
the listeners and maybe it's 

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like 10 minutes, that's still 
like 90% aerobic. 

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Any distance running is like 90%
or more like or more aerobic. 

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The 800 meters is really the 
crossover between the distance 

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where running is primarily 
aerobic versus primarily 

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anaerobic. 
So the, the, the, the dividing 

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line between what's considered a
Sprint and primarily using the 

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anaerobic energy systems versus 
what's considered distance and 

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primarily using the aerobic 
systems is roughly the 800 meter

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run about half a mile. 
And you'll see different charts.

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But I would, I would say you can
think of the 800 meters as 

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roughly 50% aerobic, 50% and 
aerobic. 

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And you can have athletes who 
are good at that event coming 

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from both sides. 
You can have sprinters who are 

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good at the 800. 
And then you can also have 

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distance runners who are good at
the 800 because it kind of uses 

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both systems equally. 
But then as you get down to 

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shorter distances, like, you 
know, let's say 400 meters, 400 

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meters, I would guess is 
probably like maybe 60 to 70% 

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anaerobic, 30 to 40% aerobic. 
And then, you know, get down to 

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like the 100 meters dash, 100 
meter dash is like 90 to 95% or 

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more anaerobic. 
It's all Sprint speed, so 

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there's this gradient of how 
long you're running for, the 

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amount of time you're running 
for that determines which of 

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these energy systems play the 
most of an importance and of a 

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role. 
However, for distance runners, 

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even though the anaerobic 
component is very small, it's a 

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really big opportunity for us to
tap into that system and train 

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that system a little bit to 
really get a, an edge versus 

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those who don't tap into that 
system. 

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And it'll, it'll help improve 
our, our distance running a lot 

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actually to, to train the 
anaerobic system a little bit. 

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So hopefully that clarifies 
things without making this too 

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complicated. 
It does, yeah. 

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Thank you so much. 
And I, I am not shocked by the 

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98% aerobic for the marathon, 
but I am kind of shocked that, 

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that, that the 800 meters is the
crossover line and that we're 

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still at the higher, you know, 
like 5050 with that. 

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So from my understanding, 
obviously when you're running 

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your first marathon, you don't 
want to really do any speed 

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work. 
Your focus is on endurance and 

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everything. 
But then let's talk about for 

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the more seasoned marathoners as
they progress in a marathon 

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journey and attempt to become 
faster, there is something like 

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wanting to be more efficient and
that's when we start doing the 

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aerobic, I mean, I'm sorry, 
anaerobic training, training 

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those systems. 
Maybe you can talk to us a 

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little bit about how this will 
improve your running economy. 

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Yeah. 
So running economy is basically 

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how efficient your body is at 
running at a certain speed. 

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So it's how fast you can run 
given a certain amount of 

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oxygen. 
A well trained athlete, someone 

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who's been training for let's 
say five years is going to use 

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less oxygen to go the same speed
as someone who has never run a 

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day in their life. 
And they're just, you know, 

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doing their first 5K just to see
if they can do it. 

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The way that you improve your 
running economy over time is 

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through multiple different 
things. 

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But I would say that the two, 
the two main things that improve

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it are one, just going out and 
logging miles for days and weeks

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and months and years on end. 
When you do that and you know, 

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when you run higher mileage and 
you consistently run, your body 

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adapts over time to become more 
efficient. 

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There's a ton of different 
processes that happen within 

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your body that make that happen 
related to like the growth of 

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your, your, you actually grow 
more capillaries in your 

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00:14:56,600 --> 00:15:00,720
muscles, providing more pathways
to deliver oxygen to them. 

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Things happen within the cell, I
think like the growth of more 

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00:15:04,680 --> 00:15:07,720
mitochondria, things that don't 
really want to get too deep into

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00:15:07,720 --> 00:15:09,440
today. 
You can consult your biology 

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00:15:09,440 --> 00:15:11,080
textbook for that. 
But there's a whole bunch of, 

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you know, changes that happen 
within your body that make you 

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more efficient and able to 
provide not only more oxygen to 

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your your running muscles, but 
you also use less the power 

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00:15:23,040 --> 00:15:26,880
yourself as your, as your 
muscles become more efficient. 

242
00:15:27,960 --> 00:15:30,600
So one thing is just simply 
running more, but the other 

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00:15:30,600 --> 00:15:36,400
thing that improves your running
economy is increasing your, your

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00:15:38,080 --> 00:15:40,800
improving the efficiency that 
that you run or you're running 

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00:15:40,800 --> 00:15:42,880
form. 
And those are actually slightly 

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00:15:42,880 --> 00:15:49,600
two different things. 
So if you think of running 

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economy as let's think of a car 
like how much, how many miles 

248
00:15:53,680 --> 00:15:58,160
you get per gallon. 
One way to make a car get more 

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00:15:58,160 --> 00:16:02,600
miles per gallon, it is to make 
it more aerodynamic, right? 

250
00:16:02,720 --> 00:16:07,720
So you can make it like lower to
the ground, You can make it have

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00:16:08,880 --> 00:16:12,280
like, you know, air, like the 
angles of the airflow. 

252
00:16:12,520 --> 00:16:15,480
You know, it's not just like a 
big box, it's more aerodynamic, 

253
00:16:15,480 --> 00:16:16,640
right? 
It cuts through the wind better 

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when we work to improve our 
running form. 

255
00:16:22,080 --> 00:16:23,520
That's that's what we're doing 
there. 

256
00:16:23,520 --> 00:16:27,680
When you improve your running 
form, you essentially, yeah, 

257
00:16:27,680 --> 00:16:29,680
you're kind of like becoming 
more aerodynamic. 

258
00:16:29,680 --> 00:16:34,160
You're moving more efficiently 
through space and thereby you 

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00:16:34,160 --> 00:16:39,840
improve your running economy 
because you need less oxygen to 

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00:16:39,840 --> 00:16:42,680
to go a certain speed when 
you're running more, more 

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00:16:42,680 --> 00:16:45,520
efficiently. 
The way that we train our 

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00:16:46,720 --> 00:16:51,280
running form is best done 
actually by doing a lot of this 

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00:16:51,280 --> 00:16:53,520
aerobic. 
Sorry, is actually the way we 

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00:16:53,520 --> 00:16:59,480
improve our running form best is
actually done by doing a lot of 

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00:16:59,480 --> 00:17:03,080
this anaerobic sprinter type 
work. 

266
00:17:04,440 --> 00:17:07,520
So as marathoners, we want to do
2 things. 

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00:17:07,520 --> 00:17:10,680
We want to run a lot, but we 
don't just want to plod along 

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00:17:10,680 --> 00:17:14,839
and do easy runs and marathon 
pace all the time because our 

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00:17:14,839 --> 00:17:17,720
running form is not the best 
that it could be when we do 

270
00:17:17,720 --> 00:17:21,079
that. 
But when we do higher paced 

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00:17:21,800 --> 00:17:26,160
workouts, workouts that get into
the more anaerobic zones, this 

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00:17:26,160 --> 00:17:29,280
is the one we run with our best 
form and we start to develop 

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00:17:29,560 --> 00:17:34,080
more of the muscle memory that's
required to run more 

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00:17:34,840 --> 00:17:36,680
efficiently, run with better 
form. 

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00:17:36,920 --> 00:17:41,040
We developed the movement 
patterns that are needed to to 

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00:17:41,040 --> 00:17:43,560
run efficiently from a 
neurological perspective. 

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00:17:44,760 --> 00:17:47,720
Some of those things we can get 
into how you do that if you'd 

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00:17:47,720 --> 00:17:49,600
like. 
Yeah, let's keep going. 

279
00:17:49,600 --> 00:17:50,720
It might as well. 
Right. 

280
00:17:50,720 --> 00:17:55,680
So how how can a marathoner, 
half marathoner improve their 

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00:17:55,960 --> 00:18:00,920
their running form? 
One way is by is by practicing 

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these anaerobic techniques. 
So here are some examples of 

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00:18:06,440 --> 00:18:08,720
ways that you can improve your 
running form and therefore 

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improve your running economy, 
which is going to help you run a

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00:18:11,040 --> 00:18:14,200
faster marathon. 
So things some things that you 

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00:18:14,200 --> 00:18:24,560
want to do strides regularly. 
So doing strides multiple times 

287
00:18:24,560 --> 00:18:28,280
per week is great. 
Strides are short runs of let's 

288
00:18:28,280 --> 00:18:33,200
say 20 to 30 seconds at about 
your one mile race pace, much 

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00:18:33,200 --> 00:18:37,840
faster than marathon pace, but 
it teaches your body to run 

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00:18:37,840 --> 00:18:42,600
fast, run at a anaerobic 
intensity. 

291
00:18:42,760 --> 00:18:46,840
So running, running mile, mile 
pace, you're burning through 

292
00:18:46,840 --> 00:18:50,520
that ATPPC system we talked 
about earlier that that like 5 

293
00:18:50,520 --> 00:18:53,280
to 10 seconds of really fast 
energy stronger than you. 

294
00:18:54,760 --> 00:18:57,760
If when you run for like 20 to 
30 seconds at mile pace, you 

295
00:18:57,760 --> 00:18:59,800
won't develop too much lactic 
acid because it's not long 

296
00:18:59,800 --> 00:19:01,920
enough. 
But if you did like a minute at 

297
00:19:01,920 --> 00:19:04,920
mile pace, you definitely would.
So you're starting to stress 

298
00:19:04,920 --> 00:19:09,760
that that glycolic system a 
little bit, the the short term 

299
00:19:09,760 --> 00:19:16,000
energy system and you are 
developing the, the movement 

300
00:19:16,000 --> 00:19:20,120
patterns neurologically teaching
your body how to how to fire 

301
00:19:20,960 --> 00:19:24,640
your arms and your legs and 
actually get into the positions 

302
00:19:24,640 --> 00:19:30,400
that you want to get into when 
you run fast and with good form,

303
00:19:31,480 --> 00:19:33,480
the faster you run, the better 
running form you're going to 

304
00:19:33,480 --> 00:19:35,400
have just this kind of a rule of
thumb. 

305
00:19:35,880 --> 00:19:39,200
So it's important to touch on 
those faster paces regularly for

306
00:19:39,200 --> 00:19:41,480
all those different reasons. 
That's one thing you can do. 

307
00:19:41,880 --> 00:19:45,840
The other thing that you can do 
is form drills. 

308
00:19:46,400 --> 00:19:54,840
So form drills are essentially 
different exercises that you can

309
00:19:54,840 --> 00:19:59,880
perform once or twice a week, 
generally before a workout that 

310
00:19:59,880 --> 00:20:04,840
are going to accentuate 1 aspect
of your running form at a time. 

311
00:20:05,160 --> 00:20:08,800
And they're generally going to 
be done quite quickly and. 

312
00:20:09,040 --> 00:20:14,360
Often they are they they can be 
slowish, but they can also be 

313
00:20:14,360 --> 00:20:19,680
explosive in nature and and 
stress that a TPPC system, that 

314
00:20:19,720 --> 00:20:24,320
short term immediate energy 
system that's like 5 to 10 

315
00:20:24,320 --> 00:20:30,280
seconds form drills, things like
a skips running with high knees.

316
00:20:32,400 --> 00:20:34,520
Plyometrics can also be used as 
well. 

317
00:20:34,840 --> 00:20:41,440
It's a great way to stress that 
that immediate energy system, 

318
00:20:42,480 --> 00:20:49,120
things like doing bounding or 
box jumps or Pogo jumps, just 

319
00:20:49,120 --> 00:20:53,760
jumping in place are great ways 
to stress that like really 

320
00:20:53,760 --> 00:20:58,680
intense fast energy system. 
And all these things help teach 

321
00:20:58,680 --> 00:21:02,400
your body basically to fire 
fast, to move quickly 

322
00:21:03,200 --> 00:21:09,120
neurologically, but then they 
also help raise your body's 

323
00:21:09,120 --> 00:21:13,800
tolerance to lactic acid as 
well, which can help push up 

324
00:21:14,360 --> 00:21:18,440
your lactic threshold and make 
you comfortable running faster, 

325
00:21:18,600 --> 00:21:21,160
longer. 
I'm not getting kind of like too

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00:21:21,160 --> 00:21:23,720
off topic or getting lost in 
this conversation. 

327
00:21:23,720 --> 00:21:25,240
Really. 
There's, there's a lot of 

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00:21:25,240 --> 00:21:28,920
different techniques that 
distance runners can employ that

329
00:21:28,920 --> 00:21:33,720
I would say often they they 
don't, but there's a really big 

330
00:21:33,720 --> 00:21:37,440
opportunity for to runners, for 
runners to start implementing 

331
00:21:37,440 --> 00:21:42,280
some of these things to get 
maybe 10% better. 

332
00:21:43,560 --> 00:21:47,400
I like it. 
I, I love this, the details and 

333
00:21:47,400 --> 00:21:50,120
the how to improve your running 
economy. 

334
00:21:50,120 --> 00:21:52,840
That's some really good tips. 
Thank you for for those. 

335
00:21:54,240 --> 00:21:56,960
You're welcome. 
This is a complicated subject 

336
00:21:56,960 --> 00:22:01,840
for sure, but understanding 
these things and understanding 

337
00:22:01,840 --> 00:22:05,680
as a runner how you're running 
economy improves and the 

338
00:22:05,680 --> 00:22:10,640
different techniques that you 
can do to increase your 

339
00:22:10,640 --> 00:22:15,840
anaerobic capabilities even as a
distance runner, yeah, they do 

340
00:22:15,880 --> 00:22:20,200
make a difference. 
That's they give you that extra 

341
00:22:20,200 --> 00:22:25,360
edge that simply running easy 
all the time or, you know, easy 

342
00:22:25,360 --> 00:22:29,120
in tempo runs, easy marathon 
pace alone, that's going to get 

343
00:22:29,120 --> 00:22:30,840
you very far. 
Like that's like we said, like 

344
00:22:30,840 --> 00:22:36,640
98% of marathon running. 
But these other things are, are 

345
00:22:36,640 --> 00:22:40,680
actually really important too 
and I think will make those 

346
00:22:40,680 --> 00:22:45,800
listening much, much faster. 
And we're confident in their 

347
00:22:45,800 --> 00:22:49,400
their running abilities because 
by practicing these skills, you 

348
00:22:49,400 --> 00:22:51,000
become a more well-rounded 
athlete. 

349
00:22:51,480 --> 00:22:54,040
And you're not just focusing on 
one energy system, but you focus

350
00:22:54,040 --> 00:22:57,520
on them all. 
And that helps you become more 

351
00:22:57,520 --> 00:23:02,280
well-rounded, capable of doing 
different things, and more 

352
00:23:02,280 --> 00:23:04,360
prepared for like whatever you 
might do in running or what 

353
00:23:04,360 --> 00:23:07,720
happens on a race day, I think. 
You know, absolutely. 

354
00:23:07,720 --> 00:23:10,240
And what sticks out to me is 
that you're mentioning or you 

355
00:23:10,240 --> 00:23:14,280
know, we read everywhere that 
the marathon is 98% aerobic, but

356
00:23:14,280 --> 00:23:19,600
by training the anaerobic 
system, we don't just get the 2%

357
00:23:19,680 --> 00:23:24,800
of that overall you mentioned as
like a 10% improvement by 

358
00:23:25,280 --> 00:23:28,520
helping the whole running 
economy, which spills over to 

359
00:23:28,520 --> 00:23:31,160
the aerobic system. 
Yeah. 

360
00:23:31,160 --> 00:23:37,600
So I'm a big proponent of as a 
as a distance runner, you should

361
00:23:37,600 --> 00:23:41,000
try to get as fast as you can 
before you then try to extend 

362
00:23:41,000 --> 00:23:44,640
your distances. 
So like if, if say you're 

363
00:23:44,640 --> 00:23:47,560
listening to this right now and 
you have a goal of taking 30 

364
00:23:47,560 --> 00:23:51,440
minutes off of your marathon 
time, rather than just like 

365
00:23:51,440 --> 00:23:54,600
focusing on the marathon and 
trying to do that, I would 

366
00:23:54,600 --> 00:23:57,880
instead encourage you to focus 
on shorter distances for a 

367
00:23:57,880 --> 00:23:59,960
little while. 
Focus on things like the five, 

368
00:23:59,960 --> 00:24:05,880
K10K, maybe the half, but I 
would prefer shorter, like 5K. 

369
00:24:05,880 --> 00:24:10,880
Focus on that and get really, 
really good and confident at 

370
00:24:10,880 --> 00:24:13,360
running faster at the 5K. 
And then once you've built that 

371
00:24:13,360 --> 00:24:17,640
speed in the shorter distances, 
it's, it's much easier to then 

372
00:24:17,640 --> 00:24:22,720
go back to the marathon and 
extend the speed that you've 

373
00:24:22,720 --> 00:24:26,240
built to running further. 
And, and I think you'll have an 

374
00:24:26,240 --> 00:24:30,080
easier time taking off half an 
hour in your marathon time if 

375
00:24:30,080 --> 00:24:33,360
you take that approach versus 
just focusing on the marathon 

376
00:24:34,520 --> 00:24:36,080
and, and just trying to whittle 
away. 

377
00:24:36,280 --> 00:24:39,920
Because when you only focus on 
the marathon, you're not putting

378
00:24:39,920 --> 00:24:44,040
as much emphasis on the full 
well roundedness of training, 

379
00:24:44,040 --> 00:24:45,760
all the different energy systems
we're talking about. 

380
00:24:46,080 --> 00:24:49,960
But when you focus on something 
like the 5K or even the mile, 

381
00:24:49,960 --> 00:24:52,760
I've been focusing on the mile a
lot this past six months. 

382
00:24:53,360 --> 00:24:56,600
Like I'm personally focusing on 
anaerobic training quite a bit 

383
00:24:57,080 --> 00:25:01,720
and it's made me a lot faster. 
And the athletes I train, like 

384
00:25:02,120 --> 00:25:04,960
when they focus on the five Ki, 
have them focus a lot on this 

385
00:25:04,960 --> 00:25:07,640
anaerobic stuff. 
And yeah, it might make you 

386
00:25:07,840 --> 00:25:12,000
1015% better by doing that 
versus not doing any anaerobic 

387
00:25:12,000 --> 00:25:15,040
type training. 
And then when you go back to the

388
00:25:15,040 --> 00:25:16,760
marathon, you get to benefit 
from all that with the 

389
00:25:16,760 --> 00:25:20,280
improvements to your running 
economy, your running form, your

390
00:25:22,200 --> 00:25:25,880
your increased galactic 
threshold from training at 

391
00:25:25,880 --> 00:25:28,240
faster paces in the shorter 
distances. 

392
00:25:28,600 --> 00:25:32,600
And yeah, just like a better 
understanding of what it takes 

393
00:25:32,600 --> 00:25:36,360
to be a all rounded athlete. 
Yeah, that makes complete sense.

394
00:25:39,360 --> 00:25:44,120
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off. 
And then for the people that are

432
00:27:45,040 --> 00:27:49,360
starting with their fall 
marathon schedule, is it 

433
00:27:49,360 --> 00:27:54,800
possible to run 5 KS, 10 KS half
marathons during the training? 

434
00:27:54,800 --> 00:27:58,000
Or do you think that that is 
something that'll take you away 

435
00:27:58,000 --> 00:27:59,840
from your marathon training 
schedule? 

436
00:28:02,360 --> 00:28:07,240
It no, it's definitely possible.
And so generally the approach 

437
00:28:07,240 --> 00:28:12,000
that I take with marathoners is 
you do want to be, you want to 

438
00:28:12,000 --> 00:28:18,120
go from not specific training to
race specific training as you 

439
00:28:18,120 --> 00:28:24,320
move closer to your marathon. 
So as we record this, it's May, 

440
00:28:26,200 --> 00:28:29,280
most of my athletes haven't 
quite gotten started with their 

441
00:28:29,280 --> 00:28:32,000
fall training yet. 
I do have some people this week 

442
00:28:32,000 --> 00:28:33,520
who I think they're getting 
started with their Berlin 

443
00:28:33,520 --> 00:28:35,960
training. 
Chicago training is starting in 

444
00:28:35,960 --> 00:28:38,680
a few weeks. 
But if you think of like a 

445
00:28:38,680 --> 00:28:42,640
training, a marathon training, 
as I usually think of it as 18 

446
00:28:42,640 --> 00:28:51,160
weeks, the last 10 weeks of that
eight to 10 weeks of that should

447
00:28:51,160 --> 00:28:55,400
be very focused on the marathon.
You should be doing tempo runs, 

448
00:28:55,400 --> 00:29:01,000
marathon pace runs, long runs. 
Your races should be like half 

449
00:29:01,000 --> 00:29:04,720
marathon as a tune up, maybe 10 
mile races as a tune up, you 

450
00:29:04,720 --> 00:29:06,680
know, stuff that's very specific
to the marathon. 

451
00:29:06,920 --> 00:29:11,600
But the first, let's say 8 to 10
weeks of your 18 week training 

452
00:29:11,600 --> 00:29:15,360
block, that is more general. 
So that's a good opportunity for

453
00:29:15,360 --> 00:29:17,960
athletes to do things like a 5K 
or A10K. 

454
00:29:18,840 --> 00:29:22,840
And I actually generally 
recommend that someone does. 

455
00:29:23,120 --> 00:29:28,960
So if you have a marathon coming
up, I think you should find 2 

456
00:29:28,960 --> 00:29:31,520
races to do before it. 
I think you should find a half 

457
00:29:31,520 --> 00:29:37,120
marathon to do about a month 
beforehand, and then a 10K or 5K

458
00:29:37,120 --> 00:29:41,280
to do about a month before that.
So that way you have three races

459
00:29:42,240 --> 00:29:44,560
in your training block. 
You got your 5K or 10K, you got 

460
00:29:44,560 --> 00:29:47,080
your half, and you got your 
marathon. 

461
00:29:47,680 --> 00:29:50,720
And you should, the way that you
should structure your workouts 

462
00:29:50,720 --> 00:29:55,480
should be such that you build 
your base, then you move on to 

463
00:29:55,480 --> 00:29:57,000
things that are going to improve
your speed. 

464
00:29:57,240 --> 00:30:01,480
So doing your strides, doing 
faster workouts that are going 

465
00:30:01,480 --> 00:30:04,640
to stretch your anaerobic system
a little bit and be much faster 

466
00:30:04,640 --> 00:30:08,640
than marathon pace. 
And then maybe this is when you 

467
00:30:08,640 --> 00:30:11,560
do your 5K or 10K after you've 
done a few of those workouts. 

468
00:30:12,120 --> 00:30:14,600
And then as you get into that 
final two months before your 

469
00:30:14,600 --> 00:30:18,400
marathon, then you want to 
transition to primarily focusing

470
00:30:18,400 --> 00:30:21,560
on the aerobic system because 
again, that's like the 98% of 

471
00:30:21,560 --> 00:30:24,920
marathon training and really 
focus on those long rounds, 

472
00:30:24,920 --> 00:30:28,160
tempo runs, marathon pace. 
That's primarily aerobic in 

473
00:30:28,160 --> 00:30:30,560
nature. 
OK, perfect. 

474
00:30:30,560 --> 00:30:34,400
So let's talk about what the 
energy systems go through in a 

475
00:30:34,400 --> 00:30:37,280
marathon. 
How does the body prioritize 

476
00:30:37,280 --> 00:30:39,880
fuel sources as the race 
progresses? 

477
00:30:41,000 --> 00:30:42,040
OK. 
Yeah. 

478
00:30:42,040 --> 00:30:45,880
So the way that this is going to
play out is going to vary based 

479
00:30:45,880 --> 00:30:48,720
on the event you're doing. 
It's going to the energy systems

480
00:30:48,720 --> 00:30:50,840
you use in a marathon are going 
to be very different than the 

481
00:30:50,840 --> 00:30:53,960
energy systems you use in a 400 
meter dash. 

482
00:30:55,600 --> 00:31:00,400
So hopefully I, I get this right
if any biology nerds are out 

483
00:31:00,400 --> 00:31:04,560
there and, and e-mail me if I, 
if I say something wrong. 

484
00:31:04,560 --> 00:31:09,360
But I think that the way you can
think about it is the marathon's

485
00:31:09,360 --> 00:31:14,400
like 98% aerobic. 
We don't really generate any at 

486
00:31:14,400 --> 00:31:19,280
all lactic acid in our bodies 
when running the marathon except

487
00:31:19,280 --> 00:31:22,680
until maybe the very end. 
So when you start a marathon, 

488
00:31:23,000 --> 00:31:28,160
you're running very comfortably.
You have to be running very 

489
00:31:28,160 --> 00:31:32,240
comfortably because you are 
about to run a race that's going

490
00:31:32,240 --> 00:31:36,560
to last you two to six plus 
hours depending on your ability.

491
00:31:38,000 --> 00:31:40,560
So you're using your, your 
aerobic energy system. 

492
00:31:40,560 --> 00:31:42,640
You're, if you're using the 
system that you trained 

493
00:31:43,600 --> 00:31:47,000
primarily all throughout 
training, you're, you're 

494
00:31:47,000 --> 00:31:50,760
breathing in oxygen and you're 
turning that into fuel to power 

495
00:31:50,760 --> 00:31:56,320
your muscles. 
You're not really top tapping 

496
00:31:56,320 --> 00:32:01,480
into the anaerobic energy 
systems at all in the 

497
00:32:01,480 --> 00:32:03,640
marathoning, except until maybe 
the very end. 

498
00:32:06,600 --> 00:32:09,200
People always ask me about 
fuelling in the marathon. 

499
00:32:09,200 --> 00:32:11,760
So I, I do think that that this 
is important. 

500
00:32:13,040 --> 00:32:16,240
Our, our body, body does burn 
through something called 

501
00:32:16,480 --> 00:32:22,760
glycogen, which is our, you can 
think of it as all of our energy

502
00:32:22,760 --> 00:32:26,920
systems are working at the same 
time. 

503
00:32:26,920 --> 00:32:31,640
You're not only using the 
aerobic or only using the 

504
00:32:31,640 --> 00:32:35,240
anaerobic, They all happen at 
the same time, but in different 

505
00:32:35,240 --> 00:32:36,920
concentrations. 
So in the marathon, you're 

506
00:32:36,920 --> 00:32:41,400
mostly using the the aerobic 
system, using a little bit of 

507
00:32:41,400 --> 00:32:45,040
your other systems as well. 
And our bodies can only fuel 

508
00:32:45,040 --> 00:32:51,480
fast running for roughly about 
90 minutes before we burn 

509
00:32:51,480 --> 00:32:55,000
through the glycogen in our 
bodies, which helps power that. 

510
00:32:55,720 --> 00:32:59,800
So it is important to take in 
fuel on the run and as like a 

511
00:32:59,800 --> 00:33:02,400
base point, you're going to be 
wanting to take in like a gel, 

512
00:33:02,400 --> 00:33:06,520
which is about 100 calories 
filled carbohydrates every half 

513
00:33:06,520 --> 00:33:08,600
an hour or so. 
And that's going to keep your 

514
00:33:08,600 --> 00:33:13,560
fuel tank relatively steady 
throughout the course of the 

515
00:33:13,560 --> 00:33:15,560
marathon. 
Basically you're running below 

516
00:33:15,560 --> 00:33:18,680
an intensity where your body is 
able to process the the lactic 

517
00:33:18,680 --> 00:33:24,440
acid that your body generates 
faster then it's accumulating. 

518
00:33:24,440 --> 00:33:26,200
So you're running at like a 
steady state. 

519
00:33:26,200 --> 00:33:28,400
You can maintain marathon pace 
for a very long time. 

520
00:33:29,080 --> 00:33:32,760
You're not going to collapse 
because you've been running 

521
00:33:32,760 --> 00:33:36,840
marathon pace for like an hour. 
If you're well trained because 

522
00:33:36,840 --> 00:33:39,960
your body's processing out the 
lactic acid, it's fine. 

523
00:33:40,360 --> 00:33:42,080
Fueling. 
Fueling is super important 

524
00:33:42,960 --> 00:33:47,600
because you will hit the biggest
challenge with the marathon is 

525
00:33:47,600 --> 00:33:49,440
you do want to avoid hitting the
wall. 

526
00:33:50,280 --> 00:33:55,120
And one of the main reasons that
happens is athletes don't fuel 

527
00:33:55,120 --> 00:33:58,560
on the run. 
So taking your gel roughly every

528
00:33:58,560 --> 00:34:01,680
half an hour is going to help 
mitigate that. 

529
00:34:04,320 --> 00:34:08,000
And if and if you do that, you 
should have consistent energy 

530
00:34:08,000 --> 00:34:10,880
throughout the marathon. 
Hopefully that's the goal 

531
00:34:10,880 --> 00:34:16,639
anyway. 
The way the marathon works 

532
00:34:16,639 --> 00:34:20,719
though, like the intensity is so
relatively low in terms of just 

533
00:34:20,920 --> 00:34:23,400
understanding like what energy 
system you're using in the body.

534
00:34:23,400 --> 00:34:28,719
Yeah, it is primarily aerobic. 
Once you get to the very end of 

535
00:34:28,840 --> 00:34:33,440
the marathon, if you have energy
to put in a final kick at the 

536
00:34:33,440 --> 00:34:37,800
end, you know, you will tap into
that, that anaerobic system a 

537
00:34:37,800 --> 00:34:41,880
little bit. 
But you know, as we've been 

538
00:34:41,880 --> 00:34:44,239
talking about through the 
through this podcast, like the 

539
00:34:44,239 --> 00:34:50,880
anaerobic system is designed 
into power very fast, very 

540
00:34:50,880 --> 00:34:55,560
explosive movement in our bodies
for like a minute or less. 

541
00:34:56,040 --> 00:34:59,680
So in the marathon, we're not 
really tapping into that system 

542
00:35:00,160 --> 00:35:04,120
until maybe the last minute. 
If you have energy to actually 

543
00:35:04,240 --> 00:35:09,520
have a kick, if, but you know, 
if you're, if you're pretty if, 

544
00:35:09,520 --> 00:35:11,560
if you don't even have a kick at
the end of a marathon, you might

545
00:35:11,560 --> 00:35:13,200
not even be tapping into this 
system at all. 

546
00:35:13,200 --> 00:35:19,200
So it's it's, it's sort of 
irrelevant, but that doesn't 

547
00:35:19,200 --> 00:35:23,480
mean that you shouldn't train 
the anaerobic system because of 

548
00:35:23,480 --> 00:35:27,280
all the reasons we talked about 
elsewhere in this episode. 

549
00:35:28,800 --> 00:35:33,320
Training the anaerobic system 
does a lot to make us more 

550
00:35:33,320 --> 00:35:36,960
economical runners and, and more
prepared for these races in 

551
00:35:36,960 --> 00:35:40,320
general, even if it's not the 
primary energy system we're 

552
00:35:40,320 --> 00:35:43,760
using. 
So hopefully that's helpful. 

553
00:35:44,440 --> 00:35:46,440
Yes, it is. 
Thank you so much, Chris. 

554
00:35:46,440 --> 00:35:50,080
I appreciate it. 
I know this is a complicated 

555
00:35:50,080 --> 00:35:53,840
topic for us runners, but help. 
Thank you for helping clarify 

556
00:35:53,880 --> 00:35:56,480
that. 
Yeah, you're welcome. 

557
00:35:56,800 --> 00:35:59,920
And for the runners that want to
get in touch with you, how can 

558
00:35:59,920 --> 00:36:04,320
they find you the. 
Best way to find me is if you go

559
00:36:04,320 --> 00:36:09,360
to my website nightandruns.com. 
I actually just started giving 

560
00:36:09,360 --> 00:36:13,680
away the full audiobook version 
of my book on marathon training.

561
00:36:13,920 --> 00:36:16,480
That's called Run Faster 
Marathons, the Prune Path to PR.

562
00:36:17,160 --> 00:36:20,400
And you can download that off my
website and join my newsletter 

563
00:36:20,400 --> 00:36:24,160
to learn from me and and listen 
to a copy of my audiobook. 

564
00:36:24,880 --> 00:36:29,120
So check that out. 
And then I'm also on Instagram 

565
00:36:29,120 --> 00:36:33,000
where mostly just share the 
successes of my athletes and 

566
00:36:33,000 --> 00:36:35,800
some of the things we're doing 
as a team that you can message 

567
00:36:35,800 --> 00:36:37,720
me there as well. 
Perfect. 

568
00:36:37,720 --> 00:36:43,160
Thank you. 
Thank you, Chris, so much for 

569
00:36:43,160 --> 00:36:45,440
coming on. 
Just like every episode, I've 

570
00:36:45,440 --> 00:36:47,440
learned a ton. 
I appreciate your time. 

571
00:36:47,720 --> 00:36:50,360
We really all do. 
I get tons of good feedback and 

572
00:36:50,360 --> 00:36:53,960
so hopefully we'll come up with 
another topic soon to bring you 

573
00:36:53,960 --> 00:36:56,080
back on so you can share your 
expertise. 

574
00:36:56,480 --> 00:36:58,080
Thank you everybody for tuning 
in. 

575
00:36:58,080 --> 00:37:00,800
I hope you're having a great 
summer and great summer training

576
00:37:00,800 --> 00:37:02,960
if you started training for your
fall marathons. 

577
00:37:03,240 --> 00:37:05,960
And until next time, have a 
great week of running. 

578
00:37:10,720 --> 00:37:13,240
Thanks for tuning in. 
For more information and 

579
00:37:13,240 --> 00:37:15,160
marathon running news, please 
head to 

580
00:37:15,160 --> 00:37:20,480
www.marathonrunningpodcast.com 
and we'll be back next week. 

581
00:37:33,040 --> 00:37:35,680
Are you looking for the perfect 
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582
00:37:35,680 --> 00:37:38,560
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583
00:37:38,680 --> 00:37:41,200
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584
00:37:41,600 --> 00:37:44,760
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585
00:37:44,840 --> 00:37:48,280
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586
00:37:48,640 --> 00:37:51,400
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587
00:37:51,640 --> 00:37:57,240
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588
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