1 00:00:04,960 --> 00:00:07,240 Hello and welcome to the program UFO Warning. 2 00:00:07,240 --> 00:00:10,680 In this episode, we're asking, are they lying about dinosaurs? 3 00:00:11,000 --> 00:00:13,840 That's correct. Are they lying about dinosaurs? 4 00:00:14,360 --> 00:00:16,920 You might be asking yourself, this is UFO Podcast. 5 00:00:16,920 --> 00:00:18,600 Why are we talking about dinosaurs? 6 00:00:19,120 --> 00:00:21,840 Well, because dinosaurs represent one of the narratives 7 00:00:21,920 --> 00:00:24,280 that we learned from the time that we're just little kids in 8 00:00:24,280 --> 00:00:26,560 school. Actually, the current narrative 9 00:00:26,680 --> 00:00:30,480 from academia, by extension the deep state, our own government, 10 00:00:30,760 --> 00:00:33,280 is that dinosaurs have been around for hundreds of millions 11 00:00:33,280 --> 00:00:36,000 of years and that there's no possible way that they would 12 00:00:36,000 --> 00:00:40,560 ever be able to preserve DNA for that long. 13 00:00:40,560 --> 00:00:44,360 Of course, now we're finding out that it does in fact appear that 14 00:00:44,360 --> 00:00:48,440 some of these samples have been located with DNA in them. 15 00:00:48,680 --> 00:00:50,560 And it's creating a lot of controversy. 16 00:00:51,000 --> 00:00:56,640 And some people in that field of study pantology, the folks that 17 00:00:56,640 --> 00:00:58,720 actually are supposed to be telling us the truth about 18 00:00:58,720 --> 00:01:03,040 dinosaurs, don't want to talk about it the same way that they 19 00:01:03,040 --> 00:01:04,360 don't want to talk about a lot of things. 20 00:01:04,360 --> 00:01:08,600 And this is important because it disrupts the current narrative. 21 00:01:09,480 --> 00:01:13,160 Anytime there's something that doesn't fit the timeline that 22 00:01:13,160 --> 00:01:16,000 we're told exists for the history of civilization and for 23 00:01:16,000 --> 00:01:18,280 Earth. A lot of times, the people that 24 00:01:18,440 --> 00:01:21,520 that find these new discoveries, whether it's tools buried in 25 00:01:21,520 --> 00:01:24,440 coal beds, there are millions of years old that show that people 26 00:01:24,440 --> 00:01:27,800 were there or human footprints or whatever, they're ostracized 27 00:01:27,800 --> 00:01:32,120 from the community. And this is how we see academics 28 00:01:32,160 --> 00:01:35,040 a lot of times who are interested in the field of 29 00:01:35,240 --> 00:01:37,720 Ufology. Once they begin to say, hey, 30 00:01:37,720 --> 00:01:42,240 something's going on here, they become ostracized from their 31 00:01:42,360 --> 00:01:45,080 academic peers. And I think it's important 32 00:01:45,080 --> 00:01:49,000 because lifes about narratives, the people that control things 33 00:01:49,080 --> 00:01:52,840 have to keep a certain number of narratives going in order to 34 00:01:53,080 --> 00:01:57,000 control the herd. And This is why no matter what 35 00:01:57,000 --> 00:02:00,320 subject you bring up, whether it's a cure for cancer, whether 36 00:02:00,320 --> 00:02:04,840 it's a flu virus that we're all supposed to stay inside for, or 37 00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:08,600 whether it's a current political persuasion that's in charge, 38 00:02:08,880 --> 00:02:10,880 there's a narrative that goes along with that. 39 00:02:11,080 --> 00:02:13,760 And I think that we find out who's controlling that narrative 40 00:02:13,760 --> 00:02:16,360 and who's putting it out there. We can learn a lot more about 41 00:02:16,360 --> 00:02:18,000 what's going on. So these narratives are 42 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:20,200 important, and that's why I'm talking about this today. 43 00:02:20,480 --> 00:02:22,840 I'm going to take a look at a couple articles here, and then 44 00:02:22,840 --> 00:02:25,160 you kind of make up your own mind about what's going on with 45 00:02:25,160 --> 00:02:30,120 these dinosaurs, dinosaur DNA, and just how do these things fit 46 00:02:30,120 --> 00:02:33,760 into the whole human story. This first article is from 47 00:02:33,760 --> 00:02:37,320 chemistryrole.com. It says possible dinosaur or DNA 48 00:02:37,320 --> 00:02:42,720 discovered and it's fossilized. Cartilage now 125 million years 49 00:02:42,720 --> 00:02:44,840 old, fossilized. You know, most of us, when we 50 00:02:44,840 --> 00:02:47,960 think of fossilized, we think of that all of the original 51 00:02:47,960 --> 00:02:52,400 material in that animal's body was replaced with surrounding 52 00:02:52,600 --> 00:02:55,480 chemicals, minerals, whatever. But turns out things must be a 53 00:02:55,480 --> 00:02:57,520 little bit different here. This is articles written by 54 00:02:57,520 --> 00:03:01,840 Barbara Pino dated October 26, 2021. 55 00:03:02,160 --> 00:03:05,800 It says, but that doesn't mean we can clone extinct species, 56 00:03:06,280 --> 00:03:10,960 Jurassic Park style. A team of researchers found what 57 00:03:10,960 --> 00:03:16,000 seems to be DNA and 125 million year old dinosaur fossil, though 58 00:03:16,000 --> 00:03:19,960 how the fragile biomolecules survived fossilization remains a 59 00:03:19,960 --> 00:03:21,840 mystery. And if you get into the story a 60 00:03:21,840 --> 00:03:23,960 little bit, there's been a couple of these cases and 61 00:03:23,960 --> 00:03:26,840 there's a lot of resistance against testing this stuff. 62 00:03:26,840 --> 00:03:31,920 So already they're couching this whole finding and in terms 63 00:03:31,920 --> 00:03:35,280 where, well, it seems to be. Just keep that in mind. 64 00:03:35,840 --> 00:03:40,040 Balida Balul a, a paleontologist from the Chinese Academy of 65 00:03:40,040 --> 00:03:43,360 Sciences, and her colleagues found the biomolecules and a 66 00:03:43,360 --> 00:03:46,800 portion of cartilage from the Codyopertex specimen. 67 00:03:47,000 --> 00:03:51,480 This Peacock sized theropod dinosaur inhabited what is now 68 00:03:51,480 --> 00:03:55,320 in northeast China and is one of the oldest species of dinosaurs 69 00:03:55,560 --> 00:03:59,480 with feathers discovered so far. Finding an exquisitely preserved 70 00:03:59,840 --> 00:04:02,160 group of cells in a fossil is rare. 71 00:04:02,440 --> 00:04:06,560 Nucleic acids are fragile and tend to break down quickly post 72 00:04:06,560 --> 00:04:09,080 mortem. Sometimes minerals protect 73 00:04:09,280 --> 00:04:13,360 biomolecules for thousands of years, and other cases proteins 74 00:04:13,360 --> 00:04:16,360 like collagen preserve biomolecules. 75 00:04:16,600 --> 00:04:20,720 However, there's no hard rule as to what makes a molecular fossil 76 00:04:20,720 --> 00:04:23,160 possible. In an interview with Forbes, 77 00:04:23,440 --> 00:04:27,480 Values colleague Zing Li explained that volcanic ashes 78 00:04:27,760 --> 00:04:30,720 and tuming a carcass could preserve it down to the cellular 79 00:04:30,720 --> 00:04:34,480 level during fossilization. Now they're stretching a little 80 00:04:34,480 --> 00:04:36,280 bit. I mean, for a long time they 81 00:04:36,280 --> 00:04:39,080 said, hey, these things only last 30-40 thousand years, I 82 00:04:39,080 --> 00:04:41,880 think is what they've been saying for a long time, maybe a 83 00:04:41,880 --> 00:04:43,640 little longer with some of the stuff that's coming out of the 84 00:04:43,640 --> 00:04:47,760 Neanderthals. But 125 million years, I mean, 85 00:04:47,880 --> 00:04:52,320 think about it, you can just say 125 million, but 125 million 86 00:04:52,320 --> 00:04:55,520 compared to say 100,000 years, that's 1000 times longer. 87 00:04:55,680 --> 00:04:58,360 So it's almost like they're not really wanting to deal with the 88 00:04:58,360 --> 00:05:01,880 reality of this stuff. After decalcifying the fragment, 89 00:05:02,360 --> 00:05:07,200 the researchers treated the cells with hematoxin and eosin, 90 00:05:07,200 --> 00:05:11,480 compounds that stain cellular nuclei blue, purple, and 91 00:05:11,760 --> 00:05:15,160 cytoplasm and extracellular matrix pink. 92 00:05:15,360 --> 00:05:19,840 They also extracted and stained Cartly cells from a chicken to 93 00:05:19,840 --> 00:05:23,000 compare the results. While most cells disappeared 94 00:05:23,000 --> 00:05:26,480 during the staining process, a few persisted, and one of them 95 00:05:26,520 --> 00:05:30,320 researchers found long, dark purple threads encased in a 96 00:05:30,320 --> 00:05:34,680 large purple circular structure. They believe this to be an 97 00:05:34,720 --> 00:05:39,680 intact cellular nucleus with preserved threads of chromatin, 98 00:05:39,920 --> 00:05:44,800 a complex DNA, a complex of DNA and protein. 99 00:05:45,240 --> 00:05:48,400 Now that sounds so fascinating to me, but it seems like there's 100 00:05:48,400 --> 00:05:50,560 been so little attention paid to these discoveries. 101 00:05:51,000 --> 00:05:54,440 This isn't the first time scientists believe they found 102 00:05:54,480 --> 00:05:59,360 biomolecules and dinosaur fossils, and 2020 Bio Lulu and 103 00:05:59,360 --> 00:06:04,040 team found evidence of proteins, chromosomes and DNA material and 104 00:06:04,040 --> 00:06:09,040 cartilage from a 70 million year old duck billed dinosaur fossil. 105 00:06:09,400 --> 00:06:13,400 However, she and her colleagues remain cautious with any claims 106 00:06:13,400 --> 00:06:15,920 about the stain structures chemical identity. 107 00:06:16,120 --> 00:06:18,280 See, they don't want to, They don't want to rock the boat. 108 00:06:18,680 --> 00:06:20,280 They want to keep this narrative intact. 109 00:06:20,600 --> 00:06:25,160 These dinosaur nuclei are staining like normal cells, but 110 00:06:25,160 --> 00:06:27,240 does it mean there's DNA inside them? 111 00:06:27,520 --> 00:06:30,920 Not really, says Baliul. What it means is that there are 112 00:06:30,920 --> 00:06:35,240 definitely parts of original organic molecules, perhaps some 113 00:06:35,240 --> 00:06:38,040 original DNA in there. Well, isn't that what we just 114 00:06:38,040 --> 00:06:41,040 ask you? Still, we don't know that yet 115 00:06:41,040 --> 00:06:43,560 for sure. While standing as a good start, 116 00:06:43,720 --> 00:06:46,320 it's not precisely enough to indicate whether certain 117 00:06:46,320 --> 00:06:48,800 compacts compounds are present, she explains. 118 00:06:49,080 --> 00:06:51,720 So here it's been 4 years, and what are they doing to test this 119 00:06:51,720 --> 00:06:52,800 stuff? I don't know. 120 00:06:52,800 --> 00:06:55,600 From what I can see, not much. Mary Schweitzer, a 121 00:06:55,600 --> 00:06:59,120 paleontologist at North Carolina State University, US, also 122 00:06:59,120 --> 00:07:01,960 advises caution. I commend the authors for their 123 00:07:01,960 --> 00:07:04,720 approach, but in my opinion, this study opens up the door for 124 00:07:04,720 --> 00:07:07,600 further more specific and higher resolution studies, she says. 125 00:07:08,000 --> 00:07:12,320 Sergio Bertasa, a biochemist from University College London, 126 00:07:12,360 --> 00:07:15,000 UK, agrees. They need to use other chemical 127 00:07:15,000 --> 00:07:19,920 biochemical techniques as mass spectrometry or any other method 128 00:07:19,920 --> 00:07:22,840 that can confirm the chemical identity of what they are 129 00:07:22,840 --> 00:07:25,640 staining. Nevertheless, BIO is excited to 130 00:07:25,640 --> 00:07:28,280 collect more chemical data to get to the bottom of the 131 00:07:28,280 --> 00:07:32,120 biomecular mystery. Let the future, more data, more 132 00:07:32,120 --> 00:07:35,040 studies, and new technological advances tell the full truth 133 00:07:35,040 --> 00:07:37,760 about DNA preservations and deep time. 134 00:07:38,080 --> 00:07:41,680 But As for the possibilities of real life, Jurassic Park volume 135 00:07:41,680 --> 00:07:44,680 is explicit. We can never clone dinosaurs and 136 00:07:44,680 --> 00:07:48,040 bring them back to life, even if we ended up having their entire 137 00:07:48,280 --> 00:07:52,680 genome sequenced while talking about throwing a blank on this 138 00:07:52,680 --> 00:07:54,560 stuff. So do you see what's happened 139 00:07:54,560 --> 00:07:56,400 here? They found DNA in these 140 00:07:56,400 --> 00:07:58,640 dinosaurs. I mean, they know it's there 141 00:07:58,640 --> 00:08:01,680 because they, they do this test that they do want any kind of 142 00:08:01,680 --> 00:08:03,960 fossilized remains. How come they run these same 143 00:08:03,960 --> 00:08:07,840 tests on human bones? And when they, the collars show 144 00:08:07,840 --> 00:08:10,240 up like this, they, they know that it's DNA proteins. 145 00:08:10,440 --> 00:08:12,760 But when they do it to the dinosaur, which they claim is 146 00:08:12,760 --> 00:08:16,960 125 million years old, all of a sudden, well, we're not sure. 147 00:08:17,240 --> 00:08:19,840 Well, we need to wait for more technology to come along. 148 00:08:20,760 --> 00:08:23,000 Well, we're never going to be able to clone these things. 149 00:08:23,400 --> 00:08:26,400 What if they're hiding? It's the narrative. 150 00:08:26,760 --> 00:08:30,080 They always have to protect the narrative. 151 00:08:30,360 --> 00:08:33,600 And it doesn't matter if it's dinosaurs or UFOs. 152 00:08:33,840 --> 00:08:37,320 Academia, which has really become just an extension of the 153 00:08:37,320 --> 00:08:40,480 deep state. The people who control us have 154 00:08:40,480 --> 00:08:44,039 created these various narratives that they used to control us. 155 00:08:44,039 --> 00:08:46,120 OK. And they don't want to change 156 00:08:46,120 --> 00:08:49,480 the narratives, these bedtime stories they tell us, because 157 00:08:49,480 --> 00:08:53,360 those narratives are used to influence the way that you 158 00:08:53,360 --> 00:08:56,720 think. Now, if one of these Batty 159 00:08:56,720 --> 00:09:01,840 Christians comes along and says, wow, maybe, maybe the world's 160 00:09:01,840 --> 00:09:04,280 not that old. Maybe the earth, maybe the earth 161 00:09:04,280 --> 00:09:08,080 is only 6 or 7000 years old. Maybe these creatures did live 162 00:09:08,080 --> 00:09:10,920 during human times. Maybe everything you're telling 163 00:09:10,920 --> 00:09:14,760 us about evolution is not true. Maybe we're operating on the 164 00:09:14,760 --> 00:09:18,720 completely incorrect paradigm when we when we look at this 165 00:09:18,720 --> 00:09:20,440 thing through the eyes of an evolutionist. 166 00:09:22,360 --> 00:09:25,840 Yeah, when people ask questions like, well, wouldn't this 167 00:09:25,880 --> 00:09:28,720 creature have gone extinct by the time that it gotten around 168 00:09:28,720 --> 00:09:32,080 to evolving to deal with it, to deal with the current problem? 169 00:09:33,040 --> 00:09:37,320 So this idea of time and how time passes and how it just give 170 00:09:37,320 --> 00:09:40,400 it enough time. They can convince you that Iraq 171 00:09:40,880 --> 00:09:43,200 can evolve into a monkey and into a person. 172 00:09:43,640 --> 00:09:47,080 This narrative, it's important to them because they want to be 173 00:09:47,080 --> 00:09:49,960 at the very top. They want to be the authorities. 174 00:09:50,120 --> 00:09:53,240 If there's some kind of God, regardless of the religion you 175 00:09:53,240 --> 00:09:56,480 believe in, if there's some sort of entity above them, then 176 00:09:56,480 --> 00:09:59,640 they're accountable. And then you as an individual 177 00:09:59,640 --> 00:10:03,440 have some kind of free will to to look above what they're 178 00:10:03,440 --> 00:10:05,920 telling you. So this is about power and 179 00:10:05,920 --> 00:10:10,920 control, and narratives are used every single day of your life to 180 00:10:10,920 --> 00:10:13,040 control you. And this is just one of them, 181 00:10:14,200 --> 00:10:16,200 just one of them. This this narrative about how 182 00:10:16,200 --> 00:10:20,880 dinosaurs emerged from a planet that was basically just rocked 183 00:10:20,880 --> 00:10:25,760 with water on it, how they carried on for 300 million years 184 00:10:25,760 --> 00:10:28,400 or whatever until the big meteorite impact. 185 00:10:29,120 --> 00:10:30,960 And then during this whole time, we're being told, well, there's 186 00:10:30,960 --> 00:10:34,440 no chance that we'll ever find DNADNA preserved in these things 187 00:10:34,440 --> 00:10:37,640 because they're just too old. But then they do find DNA. 188 00:10:37,840 --> 00:10:40,360 And when they find it, they say, well, we're not sure that it's 189 00:10:40,360 --> 00:10:42,720 DNA while you're running the same test on it, that you do 190 00:10:42,720 --> 00:10:44,440 want other stuff. Why aren't you sure? 191 00:10:44,560 --> 00:10:49,600 And it's been, this is back in 2020-2021, and we still don't 192 00:10:49,600 --> 00:10:52,000 have any more definitive answers about it. 193 00:10:52,480 --> 00:10:55,880 Come on. Protecting the DNA, protecting 194 00:10:55,880 --> 00:10:57,360 the narrative. Let's go ahead and look at this 195 00:10:57,360 --> 00:11:00,280 next article. Now, this article is dated April 196 00:11:00,280 --> 00:11:03,440 17th, 2020. So think about this five years 197 00:11:03,440 --> 00:11:06,600 ago possible dinosaur DNA has been found. 198 00:11:06,960 --> 00:11:10,080 New discoveries have raised the possibility of exploring Dino 199 00:11:10,080 --> 00:11:12,360 genetics. But controversy surrounds the 200 00:11:12,360 --> 00:11:15,080 results. See any time that you disrupt 201 00:11:15,080 --> 00:11:16,920 their narrative, there's going to be controversy. 202 00:11:16,920 --> 00:11:19,560 They don't like it. This article is written by Riley 203 00:11:19,560 --> 00:11:23,640 Black, edited by Dean Weiser. It says got a nice picture of a 204 00:11:23,640 --> 00:11:26,600 of a big what's a Ceratops? One of these like a rhinoceros 205 00:11:26,600 --> 00:11:30,160 looking dinosaurs on there. The tiny fossil is unassuming as 206 00:11:30,160 --> 00:11:33,680 dinosaur remains go. It is not as big as an 207 00:11:33,760 --> 00:11:37,040 Aptosaurus femur or as impressive as a Tyrannosaurus 208 00:11:37,040 --> 00:11:40,360 jaw. The object is just a scant Shard 209 00:11:40,400 --> 00:11:45,120 of cartilagen form the skull of a baby hardrosaur called 210 00:11:45,280 --> 00:11:49,240 Hypercorrosaurus that perished more than 70 million years ago. 211 00:11:49,640 --> 00:11:53,160 It may contain something never seen from the depths of the 212 00:11:53,160 --> 00:11:57,360 mesoic of the Mesozoic era, degraded remnants of dinosaur 213 00:11:57,360 --> 00:11:59,760 DNA. So the other one's like 125 214 00:11:59,760 --> 00:12:03,400 million year old sample, 70 million years old, still very, 215 00:12:03,400 --> 00:12:06,080 very old. Genetic material is not supposed 216 00:12:06,080 --> 00:12:09,080 to last over such time periods, not by a long shot. 217 00:12:09,360 --> 00:12:14,320 DNA begins to decay at death. Findings from a 2012 study on 218 00:12:14,320 --> 00:12:18,400 Moab bones show an Organism genetic material deteriorates at 219 00:12:18,400 --> 00:12:22,560 such a rate that it halves itself every 521 years. 220 00:12:23,000 --> 00:12:25,920 This speed would mean paleontologists can only hope to 221 00:12:26,160 --> 00:12:29,600 recover recognizable DNA sequences from creatures that 222 00:12:29,600 --> 00:12:34,280 have lived and died within the past 6.8 million years, far 223 00:12:34,280 --> 00:12:37,960 shorter of even the last non avian dinosaurs. 224 00:12:38,160 --> 00:12:41,080 Now, I do believe that they used to say it was a lot less than 225 00:12:41,080 --> 00:12:44,760 that, but then there is the hypercorsource cartilage. 226 00:12:45,040 --> 00:12:48,520 In a study published earlier this year, Chinese Academy of 227 00:12:48,520 --> 00:12:52,360 Science paleontologist Elita Balu and her colleagues proposed 228 00:12:52,440 --> 00:12:55,520 that in that fossil they had found not only evidence of 229 00:12:55,520 --> 00:12:58,520 original proteins and cartilage creating cells, but a chemical 230 00:12:58,520 --> 00:13:02,720 signature consistent with DNA. Recovering genetic material of 231 00:13:02,720 --> 00:13:05,520 such antiquity would be a major development. 232 00:13:05,640 --> 00:13:09,760 Working on more recently extinct creatures such as mammoths and 233 00:13:09,760 --> 00:13:12,680 giant ground sloths, paleontologists have been able 234 00:13:12,680 --> 00:13:16,360 to revise family trees, exploring the interrelatedness 235 00:13:16,360 --> 00:13:20,400 of species and gain some insights into biological 236 00:13:20,400 --> 00:13:23,080 creatures such as variations and coloration. 237 00:13:23,400 --> 00:13:27,040 DNA from non avian dinosaurs would add a wealth of new 238 00:13:27,040 --> 00:13:29,520 information about the biology of the terrible lizards. 239 00:13:29,720 --> 00:13:33,240 Such a find would also establish the possibility that genetic 240 00:13:33,240 --> 00:13:36,720 material can remain detectable not just for one million years, 241 00:13:36,920 --> 00:13:40,520 but for 10s of millions. The fossil record would not be 242 00:13:40,520 --> 00:13:43,280 bones and footprints. It would contain the scraps of 243 00:13:43,280 --> 00:13:46,520 the genetic records that ties together all life on Earth. 244 00:13:47,120 --> 00:13:49,960 Well, think about it. What if, what if there's enough, 245 00:13:50,360 --> 00:13:53,680 enough evidence out there to show that that there's just no 246 00:13:53,680 --> 00:13:55,800 way this stuff could survive for that many millions of years? 247 00:13:55,920 --> 00:13:58,600 They would rewrite the narrative of dinosaurs. 248 00:13:59,000 --> 00:14:02,640 So rather than learn all this new information about dinosaurs, 249 00:14:02,640 --> 00:14:06,120 what they look like, you know how they lived, that would 250 00:14:06,120 --> 00:14:10,360 require rewriting the narrative. That would require telling 251 00:14:10,360 --> 00:14:14,160 people, well, actually it wasn't 25,000,000 years ago, or 125 252 00:14:14,160 --> 00:14:16,400 million at most. It was maybe 7,000,000 years 253 00:14:16,400 --> 00:14:18,960 ago. They don't want to do that yet. 254 00:14:18,960 --> 00:14:21,880 First paleontologist need to confirm that these possible 255 00:14:21,880 --> 00:14:23,680 genetic traces are the real thing. 256 00:14:23,840 --> 00:14:26,840 Such potential tatters of ancient DNA are not exactly 257 00:14:26,840 --> 00:14:29,800 Jurassic Park quality. At best, their biological 258 00:14:29,800 --> 00:14:33,320 markers seem to be degraded remnants of genes that cannot be 259 00:14:33,320 --> 00:14:36,800 read, broken down components rather than intact parts of a 260 00:14:36,800 --> 00:14:38,400 sequence. So they're making some more 261 00:14:38,400 --> 00:14:40,240 assumptions here. We're talking it down. 262 00:14:40,440 --> 00:14:43,680 Still, these potential patterns of DNA would be far older by 263 00:14:43,680 --> 00:14:46,800 millions than the next closest trace of degraded genetic 264 00:14:46,800 --> 00:14:49,480 material in the fossil record. They just told you that none of 265 00:14:49,480 --> 00:14:52,600 this stuff survived. Survives after what, 6.8 266 00:14:52,600 --> 00:14:54,920 million? If upheld, Valio and her 267 00:14:54,920 --> 00:14:57,640 colleagues findings would indicate the biochemical traces 268 00:14:57,640 --> 00:15:00,880 of organisms can persist for 10s of millions of years longer than 269 00:15:00,880 --> 00:15:04,480 previously thought. Or maybe it would show that 270 00:15:04,480 --> 00:15:07,520 you're wrong about the age of dinosaurs. 271 00:15:08,080 --> 00:15:09,720 And then it just kind of finishes up here and says, well, 272 00:15:09,720 --> 00:15:13,640 we have to keep looking. You see, it's so clear to me. 273 00:15:13,920 --> 00:15:17,160 You make this groundbreaking discovery over five years ago. 274 00:15:17,880 --> 00:15:21,440 And just this one here. There's been others, But instead 275 00:15:21,440 --> 00:15:23,840 of pursuing it, they put it on a shelf. 276 00:15:24,320 --> 00:15:26,760 And that's what's done with anything. 277 00:15:27,160 --> 00:15:29,280 Doesn't matter if it's Bigfoot, doesn't matter if it's 278 00:15:29,280 --> 00:15:31,320 dinosaurs, doesn't matter if it's UF OS. 279 00:15:32,040 --> 00:15:35,880 If you come up with some hard evidence that counters what the 280 00:15:35,880 --> 00:15:39,760 narrative is for whatever that subject is, they're going to put 281 00:15:39,760 --> 00:15:42,400 it on the shelf. And if you're an academic, 282 00:15:42,600 --> 00:15:45,200 they're going to put your career on the shelf if they need to. 283 00:15:45,360 --> 00:15:46,680 Let's take a look at another article here. 284 00:15:47,040 --> 00:15:49,440 It does seem like they're really trying to put a slant on this 285 00:15:49,440 --> 00:15:52,320 stuff. I did find this on Google, the 286 00:15:52,360 --> 00:15:55,880 AIO review. It says Mary Higby Switzer, a 287 00:15:55,880 --> 00:16:00,240 paleontologist who famously discovered soft tissues and what 288 00:16:00,240 --> 00:16:03,880 appeared to be ancient blood vessels within a 68,000,000 year 289 00:16:03,880 --> 00:16:07,400 old Triosaurus Rex fossil, continues your research at North 290 00:16:07,400 --> 00:16:10,440 Carolina State University, focusing on molecular 291 00:16:10,440 --> 00:16:12,960 paleontology and the evolution of dinosaurs and bird 292 00:16:12,960 --> 00:16:14,720 descendants. Here's a more detailed look at 293 00:16:14,720 --> 00:16:17,840 our work and background. Swicers interest in dinosaurs 294 00:16:18,080 --> 00:16:21,280 begin in childhood, but she initially pursued a career in 295 00:16:21,280 --> 00:16:24,160 commutative disorders, bringing a degree working with deaf 296 00:16:24,160 --> 00:16:26,040 children. She later returned to her 297 00:16:26,120 --> 00:16:28,960 passion for paleontology, earning a doctorate after 298 00:16:28,960 --> 00:16:32,440 volunteering at Jack Horner's lab at Montana State University. 299 00:16:32,760 --> 00:16:35,520 Now there's a documentary somewhere on YouTube that used 300 00:16:35,520 --> 00:16:37,400 to be this, where she found this stuff. 301 00:16:37,400 --> 00:16:39,680 OK. And they're like, yeah, there's 302 00:16:39,680 --> 00:16:42,400 DNA in her somewhere. And they interviewed Jack or 303 00:16:42,400 --> 00:16:43,320 somebody. One of these. 304 00:16:44,160 --> 00:16:45,960 There's a couple of them out there, but there was one in 305 00:16:45,960 --> 00:16:48,760 particular. It's a Christian research group. 306 00:16:48,760 --> 00:16:52,640 I don't know who funded it, but their, their narrative, their, 307 00:16:52,680 --> 00:16:57,080 their, their belief is that the earth is not a hundreds of 308 00:16:57,080 --> 00:16:59,040 millions of years old or billions of years old, but that 309 00:16:59,320 --> 00:17:03,520 it all goes in line with a literal reading of Genesis. 310 00:17:03,760 --> 00:17:06,920 And so that the, the earth is just, you know, I don't know, 311 00:17:06,920 --> 00:17:10,240 6-7 thousand years old. And their idea was these ancient 312 00:17:10,520 --> 00:17:13,119 dinosaurs weren't 125 million years old. 313 00:17:13,119 --> 00:17:14,880 Maybe they were 5 or 6000 years old. 314 00:17:15,119 --> 00:17:19,599 So there was there was plenty of time for the DNA to remain in 315 00:17:19,599 --> 00:17:21,200 there. They played a phone call that 316 00:17:21,200 --> 00:17:24,599 they had with Jack Horner questioning him about this DNA 317 00:17:25,000 --> 00:17:28,280 and they offered to pay to have this sample tested. 318 00:17:28,640 --> 00:17:31,760 And he just wanted to have nothing to do with it, as far as 319 00:17:32,960 --> 00:17:35,600 you know, I could tell. I'd like to find that somewhere 320 00:17:35,800 --> 00:17:38,400 if we, if somebody has a link to it, leave in the comments 321 00:17:38,400 --> 00:17:42,000 section. But this idea of protecting the 322 00:17:42,000 --> 00:17:44,440 narrative goes on. It says Schweitzer's research 323 00:17:44,440 --> 00:17:48,160 focused on microscopic and molecular analysis of dinosaur 324 00:17:48,160 --> 00:17:51,920 bones, leading to the discovery of preserved soft tissues, 325 00:17:51,920 --> 00:17:55,880 including collagen and what appeared to be ancient blood 326 00:17:55,880 --> 00:18:00,240 vessels inside AT Rex Fossil. This discovery challenged Long 327 00:18:00,240 --> 00:18:02,840 Hill beliefs about the preservation of soft tissues and 328 00:18:02,840 --> 00:18:06,040 fossils and has led to renewed interest in searching for more 329 00:18:06,040 --> 00:18:08,080 evidence. Says She is currently 330 00:18:08,080 --> 00:18:10,600 researching molecular paleontology, molecular 331 00:18:10,600 --> 00:18:13,200 digenesis, and Tafani. And it has a whole list of 332 00:18:13,200 --> 00:18:16,000 stuff. Controversy and Skepticism 333 00:18:16,000 --> 00:18:18,240 Spicer's findings have been met with both excitement and 334 00:18:18,240 --> 00:18:21,480 skepticism within the scientific community, with some questioning 335 00:18:21,480 --> 00:18:23,200 the authenticity of your results. 336 00:18:23,880 --> 00:18:25,320 Well, she had all the stuff there. 337 00:18:25,760 --> 00:18:28,720 She has described her work as honoring God and has stated that 338 00:18:28,720 --> 00:18:30,520 she takes her work very seriously. 339 00:18:31,000 --> 00:18:32,360 They don't want to hear the God word. 340 00:18:32,560 --> 00:18:35,200 She is currently searching for more dinosaur soft tissue. 341 00:18:35,200 --> 00:18:37,960 This summer, she and her colleagues have figured out how 342 00:18:37,960 --> 00:18:41,440 to remove the iron from the samples, which enables them to 343 00:18:41,520 --> 00:18:44,360 analyze the original proteins. They have found chemicals 344 00:18:44,360 --> 00:18:46,760 consistent with DNA though spice. 345 00:18:46,760 --> 00:18:50,160 She was quick to note that she hasn't proven they really are 346 00:18:50,560 --> 00:18:52,720 DNA. Yeah, that's the lady that first 347 00:18:52,720 --> 00:18:56,440 came out with this stuff that was just so amazing to me. 348 00:18:56,520 --> 00:18:58,400 Then we'll finish up with this article here. 349 00:18:58,880 --> 00:19:03,240 This is from from smithsonianmeg.org, dated May 350 00:19:03,280 --> 00:19:05,480 2006. So think about that. 351 00:19:05,480 --> 00:19:08,400 This stuff's been known for over for nearly 20 years, probably 352 00:19:08,400 --> 00:19:11,480 over 20 years. Probing a 68,000,000 year old T 353 00:19:11,480 --> 00:19:14,960 Rex, Mary Schweitzer stumbled upon astonishing signs of life 354 00:19:15,240 --> 00:19:19,080 that may radically change our view of ancient of the ancient 355 00:19:19,080 --> 00:19:21,760 beast. Neatly dressed in blue Capri 356 00:19:21,760 --> 00:19:24,400 pants and sleeveless top, long hair flowing over her bare 357 00:19:24,400 --> 00:19:29,320 shoulders, Mary Schweitzer sets at a microscope in a dim lab, 358 00:19:29,560 --> 00:19:32,480 her face lit only by a glowing computer screen showing a 359 00:19:32,480 --> 00:19:34,480 network of thin branching vessels. 360 00:19:34,720 --> 00:19:37,280 That's right, blood vessels from a dinosaur. 361 00:19:37,840 --> 00:19:40,000 Ho ho ho, I'm excited, She chuckles. 362 00:19:40,280 --> 00:19:44,280 I am like, really excited after 68,000,000 years in the ground 363 00:19:44,800 --> 00:19:47,800 by a trying to source. Rex found in Montana was dug up. 364 00:19:48,200 --> 00:19:51,240 Its leg bone was broken in pieces and fragments were 365 00:19:51,240 --> 00:19:54,880 dissolved in acid in Schweitzer's laboratory at North 366 00:19:54,880 --> 00:19:56,720 Carolina State University in Raleigh. 367 00:19:57,120 --> 00:19:59,800 Cool beans, she says, looking at the image on the screen. 368 00:20:00,320 --> 00:20:04,360 It was big news indeed last year when Schweitzer announced she 369 00:20:04,360 --> 00:20:07,720 had discovered blood vessels and structures that look like whole 370 00:20:07,720 --> 00:20:11,840 cells inside that T Rex bone, the first observation of its 371 00:20:11,840 --> 00:20:14,760 kind. The finding amazed colleagues 372 00:20:14,760 --> 00:20:19,160 who had never imagined even a trace of still soft dinosaur 373 00:20:19,360 --> 00:20:22,680 tissue could survive. After all, as any textbook will 374 00:20:22,680 --> 00:20:26,320 tell you, when an animal dies, soft tissue such as blood 375 00:20:26,320 --> 00:20:31,160 vessels, muscle and skin decay and disappear over time, while 376 00:20:31,160 --> 00:20:35,200 heart tissue, like bone may gradually acquire minerals from 377 00:20:35,200 --> 00:20:36,880 the environment and become fossils. 378 00:20:37,320 --> 00:20:40,160 Schweitzer, one of the first scientists to use modern tools 379 00:20:40,160 --> 00:20:43,280 of cell biology to study dinosaurs, has upended the 380 00:20:43,280 --> 00:20:47,280 conventional wisdom by showing that some rock hard fossils 10s 381 00:20:47,280 --> 00:20:50,880 of millions of years old may have remnants of soft tissues 382 00:20:51,040 --> 00:20:54,200 hidden away in their interiors. The reason it hasn't been 383 00:20:54,200 --> 00:20:56,800 discovered before? There's no right thinking 384 00:20:56,800 --> 00:21:00,440 paleontologist would do what Mary did with her specimens. 385 00:21:00,880 --> 00:21:03,160 But why wouldn't they do that? Well, they're afraid they might 386 00:21:03,160 --> 00:21:06,280 upset the apple cart. We don't go to all this effort 387 00:21:06,480 --> 00:21:09,800 to dig this stuff up out of the ground to then destroy an acid, 388 00:21:09,880 --> 00:21:12,880 says dinosaur paleontologist Thomas Holtz Junior at the 389 00:21:12,880 --> 00:21:15,400 University of Maryland. It's great science. 390 00:21:16,000 --> 00:21:20,480 The observation could shed new light on how dinosaurs evolved 391 00:21:20,800 --> 00:21:23,520 and how their muscles and blood vessels work. 392 00:21:23,800 --> 00:21:28,120 And the new findings might help settle a long running debate 393 00:21:28,360 --> 00:21:31,680 about whether dinosaurs were warm blooded, cold blooded, or 394 00:21:31,680 --> 00:21:33,240 both. But see nothing about the 395 00:21:33,240 --> 00:21:35,080 mention about how the stuff should even be there, because 396 00:21:35,080 --> 00:21:38,040 it's far too old. Meanwhile, Schweitzer's research 397 00:21:38,280 --> 00:21:42,520 has been hijacked by young Earth creationist who insist that 398 00:21:42,520 --> 00:21:45,680 dinosaur soft tissue couldn't possibly survive for millions of 399 00:21:45,680 --> 00:21:47,280 years. Now didn't we just talk about 400 00:21:47,280 --> 00:21:49,840 the test they did where they showed that I can't live past 6, 401 00:21:49,960 --> 00:21:52,360 I can't be there after about 6.8 million years. 402 00:21:52,800 --> 00:21:56,280 But notice how Smithsonian, how the Smithsonian just attacks 403 00:21:56,280 --> 00:21:58,640 people for asking questions about this. 404 00:21:58,880 --> 00:22:01,320 They claim discovery support their belief based on their 405 00:22:01,320 --> 00:22:04,760 interpretation of Genesis that the earth is only a few 1000 406 00:22:04,760 --> 00:22:07,040 years old. Of course it's not unusual for a 407 00:22:07,040 --> 00:22:10,160 paleontologist to differ with great for with creationists. 408 00:22:10,480 --> 00:22:14,520 But when creationists misrepresent Switzer data, she 409 00:22:14,520 --> 00:22:16,920 takes it personally. She describes herself as a 410 00:22:16,920 --> 00:22:20,040 complete and total Christian. On a shelf in her office is a 411 00:22:20,040 --> 00:22:22,000 plaque bearing an Old Testament verse. 412 00:22:22,160 --> 00:22:25,720 For I know the plans I have for you, declares the Lord, plans to 413 00:22:25,720 --> 00:22:28,800 prosper you and not harm you, plans to give you hope in the 414 00:22:28,800 --> 00:22:31,120 future. Well, apparently the plans for 415 00:22:31,120 --> 00:22:33,080 this stuff was to put it on a shelf and leave it there. 416 00:22:33,320 --> 00:22:36,040 It may be that Spicer's unorthodox approach to 417 00:22:36,040 --> 00:22:39,120 paleontology can be traced to her right about career path. 418 00:22:39,480 --> 00:22:42,920 Growing up in Helena, Mt, she went through a phase when, like 419 00:22:42,920 --> 00:22:45,400 many kids, she was fascinated by dinosaurs. 420 00:22:45,800 --> 00:22:48,800 In fact, at age 5, she announced she was going to be a 421 00:22:48,800 --> 00:22:51,320 paleontologist. But first she got a college 422 00:22:51,320 --> 00:22:54,720 degree in commutative disorders, married, had three children and 423 00:22:54,720 --> 00:22:57,040 briefly taught remedial biology to high schoolers. 424 00:22:57,440 --> 00:23:01,040 In 1989, a dozen years after she graduated from college, she 425 00:23:01,160 --> 00:23:04,000 settled in a class at Montana State University taught by 426 00:23:04,000 --> 00:23:08,040 paleontologist Jack Horner of the Museum of Rockies, now an 427 00:23:08,040 --> 00:23:10,480 affiliate of the Smithsonian Institution. 428 00:23:10,760 --> 00:23:12,840 You see the pattern here? You see Jack Horton, he's the 429 00:23:12,840 --> 00:23:15,200 guy you see on The History Channel, on Discovery Channel. 430 00:23:15,440 --> 00:23:18,720 These are kind of the gatekeepers, the gatekeepers of 431 00:23:18,720 --> 00:23:20,400 the narrative. The narrative here says 432 00:23:20,400 --> 00:23:22,360 dinosaurs have been around for hundreds of millions of years. 433 00:23:22,760 --> 00:23:24,920 You can have whatever religious belief you want, but if you 434 00:23:24,920 --> 00:23:26,880 question that narrative, then you're a kook. 435 00:23:27,200 --> 00:23:30,160 The lectures reignited her passion for dinosaurs. 436 00:23:30,320 --> 00:23:33,520 Soon after, she talked her way into a volunteer position in 437 00:23:33,520 --> 00:23:36,840 Horner's lab and begin to pursue a doctorate in pantology. 438 00:23:37,160 --> 00:23:40,000 She initially thought she would study how the microscopic 439 00:23:40,000 --> 00:23:44,000 structure of dinosaur bones differs depending on how much 440 00:23:44,000 --> 00:23:46,840 the animal weighs. But then came the incident with 441 00:23:46,920 --> 00:23:50,440 the red spots. In 1991, Schweitzer was trying 442 00:23:50,440 --> 00:23:54,960 to study thin slices of bones from a 65,000,000 year old T 443 00:23:54,960 --> 00:23:56,840 Rex. OK, that they estimate 444 00:23:56,840 --> 00:24:00,120 65,000,000 years old. This is clear back in 1991. 445 00:24:00,120 --> 00:24:03,240 So what 36 years ago when And what's happened with this 446 00:24:03,240 --> 00:24:05,040 knowledge since then? Pretty much nothing. 447 00:24:05,280 --> 00:24:09,000 She was having a hard time getting the slices to stick to a 448 00:24:09,000 --> 00:24:13,120 glass slide, so she sought help from a molecular biologist at 449 00:24:13,120 --> 00:24:15,720 the university. The biologist, GAIL Kallas, 450 00:24:16,040 --> 00:24:19,080 happened to take the slides to a veterinary conference where she 451 00:24:19,080 --> 00:24:21,960 set up the ancient samples of for others to look at. 452 00:24:22,520 --> 00:24:25,480 One of the vets went up to Callus and said, do you know you 453 00:24:25,480 --> 00:24:27,160 have red blood cells in that bone? 454 00:24:27,400 --> 00:24:31,040 Sure enough, under a microscope, it appeared that the bone was 455 00:24:31,040 --> 00:24:34,840 filled with red disc. Later, Switzer recalls. 456 00:24:35,040 --> 00:24:38,120 I looked at this and I looked at this and I thought, this can't 457 00:24:38,120 --> 00:24:40,880 be. Red cells don't preserve. 458 00:24:41,320 --> 00:24:45,160 Notice the denial on everybody. The author, the scientist. 459 00:24:45,800 --> 00:24:47,400 Yep, here's the blood cells. Look at them. 460 00:24:47,480 --> 00:24:49,920 No, they can't be. Same thing when people spot 461 00:24:49,920 --> 00:24:51,520 UFOs. Oh, it can't be a UFO. 462 00:24:51,560 --> 00:24:54,240 Must be a drone. When Schweitzer showed the slide 463 00:24:54,240 --> 00:24:57,080 to Horner when she first found the red blood cell looking 464 00:24:57,080 --> 00:25:00,400 structures, I said Yep, that's what they look like, her mentor 465 00:25:00,400 --> 00:25:02,960 recalls. Then he thought, was it possible 466 00:25:02,960 --> 00:25:04,880 they were They wore red blood cells. 467 00:25:04,880 --> 00:25:07,480 But he gave her some advice. Now I'll see if you can find 468 00:25:07,480 --> 00:25:10,360 some evidence to show that they're not what they are. 469 00:25:10,600 --> 00:25:14,040 What she found instead was evidence of Hemi in the bones, 470 00:25:14,360 --> 00:25:17,680 additional support for the idea that they were red blood cells. 471 00:25:17,880 --> 00:25:21,800 Heme is a part of hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen 472 00:25:21,800 --> 00:25:24,680 in the blood and gives red blood cells their cholera. 473 00:25:25,040 --> 00:25:28,200 It got me real curious as to the exceptional preservation, she 474 00:25:28,200 --> 00:25:30,320 says. If particles of that one 475 00:25:30,320 --> 00:25:33,200 dinosaur were able to hang around for 65,000,000 years, 476 00:25:33,520 --> 00:25:37,280 maybe the textbooks were wrong about fossilization, or maybe 477 00:25:37,280 --> 00:25:39,760 they were wrong about how long dinosaurs have been on the 478 00:25:39,760 --> 00:25:41,880 planet. Schweitzer tends to be self 479 00:25:41,880 --> 00:25:45,480 deprecating, claiming to be hopeless at computers, lab work 480 00:25:45,480 --> 00:25:47,680 and talking to strangers. But colleagues admire her, 481 00:25:47,680 --> 00:25:50,520 saying she's determined and hard working and has mastered a 482 00:25:50,520 --> 00:25:53,160 number of complex laboratory techniques that are beyond the 483 00:25:53,160 --> 00:25:56,680 skills of most pantologists. And asking unusual questions 484 00:25:56,680 --> 00:26:00,040 took a lot of nerve. If you point her in a direction 485 00:26:00,040 --> 00:26:03,240 and say don't go that way, she's the kind of person who will say 486 00:26:03,240 --> 00:26:07,640 why, and she goes and test it herself, said Gregory Erickson, 487 00:26:07,920 --> 00:26:10,160 a paleo biologist at Florida State University. 488 00:26:10,600 --> 00:26:13,560 Schweitzer takes risk, says Karen Chen, a University of 489 00:26:13,560 --> 00:26:15,840 Colorado paleontologist. It could be a big payoff, or it 490 00:26:15,840 --> 00:26:19,040 could just be kind of a ho hum research project. 491 00:26:19,400 --> 00:26:21,440 Well, notice the risk she's not taking. 492 00:26:21,640 --> 00:26:25,160 She's not challenging the age, the age of the planet. 493 00:26:25,160 --> 00:26:28,560 The narrative is millions and millions of years old and 2000. 494 00:26:28,560 --> 00:26:31,880 Bob Harmon, a field crew chief from Museum of Rockies, was 495 00:26:31,880 --> 00:26:34,880 eating his lunch in a remote Montana Canyon when he looked up 496 00:26:34,880 --> 00:26:37,120 and saw a bone sticking out of a Rockwall. 497 00:26:37,480 --> 00:26:39,760 That bone turned out to be part of what may be the best 498 00:26:39,760 --> 00:26:43,400 preserved T Rex in the world. Over the next 3 summers, workers 499 00:26:43,400 --> 00:26:46,400 chipped away at the dinosaur, gradually removing it from the 500 00:26:46,400 --> 00:26:49,680 Cliff face. They called it B Rex in Harmon's 501 00:26:49,680 --> 00:26:53,880 honor and nicknamed it Bob. In 2001 they encased a section 502 00:26:53,880 --> 00:26:56,280 of the dinosaur and the surrounding dirt and plaster to 503 00:26:56,280 --> 00:26:59,280 protect it. The package way more than 2000 504 00:26:59,280 --> 00:27:02,480 lbs which turned out to be just above their helicopters 505 00:27:02,480 --> 00:27:04,960 capacity, so they split it in half. 506 00:27:05,360 --> 00:27:11,080 One of B rexes leg bones was broken into two big pieces and 507 00:27:11,200 --> 00:27:15,360 several fragments, just what Schweitzer needed for her micro 508 00:27:15,360 --> 00:27:18,480 scale explorations. It turned out Bob had been 509 00:27:18,480 --> 00:27:20,960 misnamed. It's a girl and she's pregnant, 510 00:27:20,960 --> 00:27:24,080 Swatcher recalls telling her lab technician when she looked at 511 00:27:24,080 --> 00:27:27,200 the fragments on the hollow inside surface of the femur, 512 00:27:27,440 --> 00:27:31,160 Sweecher had found scraps of bone that gave a surprising 513 00:27:31,160 --> 00:27:33,280 amount of information about the dinosaur that made them. 514 00:27:33,560 --> 00:27:36,360 Bones may seem as steady as stone, but they're actually 515 00:27:36,360 --> 00:27:39,680 constantly in flux. Pregnant women use calcium from 516 00:27:39,680 --> 00:27:42,400 their bones to build the skeleton of a developing fetus. 517 00:27:42,680 --> 00:27:46,440 Before female birds start to lay eggs, they form a calcium rich 518 00:27:46,560 --> 00:27:50,520 structure called medillary bone on the inside of their legs and 519 00:27:50,960 --> 00:27:52,920 other bones. They draw on it during the 520 00:27:52,920 --> 00:27:54,720 breeding season to make egg shells. 521 00:27:55,160 --> 00:27:58,520 Schweitzer had studied birds, so she knew about medillary bone 522 00:27:58,800 --> 00:28:01,920 and that's what she figured she was seeing in that T Rex 523 00:28:01,920 --> 00:28:03,920 specimen. Pretty insightful stuff. 524 00:28:04,280 --> 00:28:07,360 Most paleontologists now agree that birds are the dinosaurs 525 00:28:07,360 --> 00:28:09,960 closest living relatives. In fact, they say that birds, 526 00:28:10,440 --> 00:28:13,560 our dinosaurs, colorful, incredibly diverse, cute little 527 00:28:13,560 --> 00:28:16,440 feathered dinosaurs, The theropod of the Jurassic forest 528 00:28:16,720 --> 00:28:20,520 lives on, and goldfish visiting the backyard feeder, the two 529 00:28:20,520 --> 00:28:23,600 cans of the tropics and ostrich loping across the African 530 00:28:23,600 --> 00:28:26,000 Savannah. To understand her dinosaur bone, 531 00:28:26,200 --> 00:28:29,360 Spicer turned to two of the most primitive living birds, 532 00:28:29,400 --> 00:28:33,280 ostriches and emos. In the summer of 2004, she asked 533 00:28:33,280 --> 00:28:35,640 several ostrich breeders for female bones. 534 00:28:35,880 --> 00:28:39,360 A farmer called months later. Y'all still need that Lady 535 00:28:39,360 --> 00:28:41,160 ostrich. The dead bird had been in the 536 00:28:41,160 --> 00:28:43,560 farmer's backhoe bucket for several days in the North 537 00:28:43,560 --> 00:28:45,800 Carolina heat. Schweitzer and her colleagues 538 00:28:45,800 --> 00:28:48,800 collected a leg from the fragment carcass and drove it 539 00:28:48,800 --> 00:28:51,240 back to Raleigh. As far as anyone can tell, 540 00:28:51,480 --> 00:28:54,720 Schweitzer was right. Bob the Dinosaur really did have 541 00:28:54,760 --> 00:28:57,560 a store of medullary bone when she died. 542 00:28:57,720 --> 00:29:01,440 A paper published in Science last June presents microscope 543 00:29:01,640 --> 00:29:05,640 pictures of medillary bone from ostrich and emu stride by 544 00:29:05,640 --> 00:29:09,240 stride, with dinosaur bone showing near identical features. 545 00:29:09,520 --> 00:29:12,840 In the course of testing AB Rex bone fragment further, Switzer 546 00:29:12,840 --> 00:29:16,480 asked her lab technician Jennifer Whitmire to put it in 547 00:29:16,680 --> 00:29:20,280 week acid, which slowly dissolves the bone, including 548 00:29:20,280 --> 00:29:22,840 fossilized bone, but not soft tissues. 549 00:29:23,120 --> 00:29:28,760 On Friday night in January 2421 years ago, Whitemer was in the 550 00:29:28,760 --> 00:29:31,920 lab as usual. She took out a fossil chip that 551 00:29:31,920 --> 00:29:34,520 had been in the acid for three days and put it under the 552 00:29:34,520 --> 00:29:38,160 microscope to take a picture. The chip was curved so much I 553 00:29:38,160 --> 00:29:39,880 couldn't get in focus, Whitmer recalls. 554 00:29:40,160 --> 00:29:41,960 She used the forceps to flatten it. 555 00:29:42,280 --> 00:29:46,520 My forceps kind of sunk into it, made a little indentation, and 556 00:29:46,520 --> 00:29:49,440 it curled up. It was, I was like, stop it. 557 00:29:49,680 --> 00:29:53,680 Finally, through her irritation, she realized what she had a 558 00:29:53,680 --> 00:29:58,240 fragment of dinosaur soft tissue left behind when the mineral 559 00:29:58,240 --> 00:30:02,200 bone around it had dissolved. Suddenly, Schweitzer and 560 00:30:02,200 --> 00:30:05,080 Whitmire were dealing with something no one else had ever 561 00:30:05,080 --> 00:30:07,600 seen for a couple of weeks. White Merced. 562 00:30:07,840 --> 00:30:11,200 It was like Christmas every day. So imagine that this soft tissue 563 00:30:11,200 --> 00:30:14,520 there from supposedly 70 million years previously in the lab, 564 00:30:14,520 --> 00:30:18,040 Whitmer now takes out a dish with six compartments, each 565 00:30:18,040 --> 00:30:21,360 holding a little brown dab of tissue and clear liquid, and 566 00:30:21,360 --> 00:30:25,960 puts it on the microscope lens. Inside each specimen is a fine 567 00:30:25,960 --> 00:30:29,600 network of almost clear branching vessels, the tissue of 568 00:30:29,600 --> 00:30:32,600 a female Tyrannosaurus Rex that strode through the forest 569 00:30:32,760 --> 00:30:37,120 68,000,000 years ago, preparing to lay eggs. close up, The blood 570 00:30:37,120 --> 00:30:40,880 vessels from that T Rex and her ostrich cousins look remarkably 571 00:30:40,880 --> 00:30:43,160 alike. Inside the dinosaur vessels are 572 00:30:43,160 --> 00:30:47,280 things Schweitzer diplomatically calls round microstructures, so 573 00:30:47,280 --> 00:30:50,120 she can't even call them DNA and the journal article out of the 574 00:30:50,120 --> 00:30:53,880 abundance of scientific caution. But they are red and round, and 575 00:30:53,880 --> 00:30:57,440 she and other scientists suspect they are red blood cells. 576 00:30:57,880 --> 00:31:00,440 Of course, what everyone wants to know is whether DNA might be 577 00:31:00,440 --> 00:31:04,200 working in that tissue. Whitmer, from much experience 578 00:31:04,200 --> 00:31:07,520 with the press since the discovery, calls this the awful 579 00:31:07,520 --> 00:31:10,760 question whether Schweitzer's work is paving the road to a 580 00:31:10,760 --> 00:31:14,000 real life version of science fiction's Jurassic Park, where 581 00:31:14,000 --> 00:31:17,320 dinosaurs were regenerated from DNA preserved in amber. 582 00:31:17,520 --> 00:31:20,000 But DNA, which carries the genetic script for the animal, 583 00:31:20,240 --> 00:31:23,640 is a very fragile molecule. It's also ridiculously hard to 584 00:31:23,640 --> 00:31:26,840 study because it's so easily contaminated with modern 585 00:31:26,840 --> 00:31:30,400 biologic materials such as microbes or skin cells well 586 00:31:30,400 --> 00:31:34,600 buried or after being dug up. Instead, Schweitzer has been 587 00:31:34,600 --> 00:31:37,600 testing her dinosaur tissue samples for proteins, which are 588 00:31:37,600 --> 00:31:40,160 a bit harder and more readily distinguishable from 589 00:31:40,160 --> 00:31:42,200 contaminants. Specifically, she's been looking 590 00:31:42,200 --> 00:31:44,720 for collagen, elastin, and hemoglobin. 591 00:31:45,080 --> 00:31:49,520 Collagen makes up much of the bone scaffolding, elastin is 592 00:31:49,520 --> 00:31:53,000 wrapped around blood vessels, and hemoglobin carries oxygen 593 00:31:53,000 --> 00:31:56,600 inside red blood cells. Because the chemical makeup of 594 00:31:56,600 --> 00:31:59,760 proteins changes through evolution, scientists can study 595 00:31:59,760 --> 00:32:03,200 protein sequences and learn more about how dinosaurs evolve. 596 00:32:03,360 --> 00:32:06,520 Because proteins do all the work in the body, studying them could 597 00:32:06,520 --> 00:32:09,440 someday help scientists understand dinosaur Physiology. 598 00:32:09,880 --> 00:32:12,160 How their muscles and blood vessels worked, for example. 599 00:32:12,440 --> 00:32:14,600 Well, maybe this could also completely upset their 600 00:32:14,600 --> 00:32:17,280 narrative. Proteins are much too tiny to 601 00:32:17,280 --> 00:32:20,200 pick out with the microscope. To look for them, Schweitzer 602 00:32:20,240 --> 00:32:23,720 uses antibiotics, immune system molecules that recognize and 603 00:32:23,720 --> 00:32:26,360 bind to specific sections of proteins. 604 00:32:26,640 --> 00:32:30,000 Schweitzer and Whitmer have been using antibiotics to chicken 605 00:32:30,080 --> 00:32:34,320 collagen, cow elastin, and ostrich hemoglobin to search for 606 00:32:34,320 --> 00:32:36,440 similar molecules in the dinosaur tissue. 607 00:32:36,960 --> 00:32:41,280 At an October 2005 paleontology conference, Schweitzer presented 608 00:32:41,360 --> 00:32:45,040 preliminary evidence that she has detected real dinosaur 609 00:32:45,480 --> 00:32:48,800 proteins in her specimens. For the discoveries in the past 610 00:32:48,800 --> 00:32:51,600 year have shown that the discovery of soft tissue in B 611 00:32:51,600 --> 00:32:55,360 Rex wasn't just a fluke. Schweitzer and Whitmore have 612 00:32:55,360 --> 00:32:58,800 found probable blood vessels, bone building cells and 613 00:32:58,800 --> 00:33:01,640 connective tissue. And another T Rex and a theropod 614 00:33:01,640 --> 00:33:06,080 from Argentina and a 300,000 year old woolly mammoth fossil. 615 00:33:06,360 --> 00:33:10,120 Spicer's work is showing us we really don't understand decay, 616 00:33:10,320 --> 00:33:12,240 Hall said. There's a lot of real basic 617 00:33:12,240 --> 00:33:14,880 stuff in nature that people just make assumptions about. 618 00:33:15,280 --> 00:33:19,600 Well, there again, no matter what happens, no matter how much 619 00:33:20,200 --> 00:33:25,680 in your face it is, they are not allowed to question the 620 00:33:25,680 --> 00:33:27,760 narrative. Young Earth creationists also 621 00:33:27,760 --> 00:33:30,040 see Schweitzer work as revolutionary, but in an 622 00:33:30,040 --> 00:33:32,480 entirely different way. Well, maybe just the common 623 00:33:32,480 --> 00:33:34,480 sense way. They first seized upon 624 00:33:34,480 --> 00:33:37,120 Schweitzer work after she wrote an article for the Popular 625 00:33:37,120 --> 00:33:41,280 Science magazine Earth in 1997 about possible red blood cells 626 00:33:41,280 --> 00:33:45,040 and her dinosaur specimens. Creation Magazine claimed that 627 00:33:45,120 --> 00:33:48,480 Swisher's research was powerful testimony against the whole idea 628 00:33:48,720 --> 00:33:50,720 of dinosaurs living millions of years ago. 629 00:33:51,080 --> 00:33:53,560 It speaks volumes for the Bible's account of recent 630 00:33:53,560 --> 00:33:56,080 creation. Now see, that's just holy water 631 00:33:56,080 --> 00:33:57,840 on a vampire. They're they're not going to 632 00:33:57,840 --> 00:34:00,480 like that whatsoever. And they go on articles. 633 00:34:00,480 --> 00:34:03,360 Basically a decent article, except that it's just totally 634 00:34:03,360 --> 00:34:06,160 closed minded to only one, one outcome on this. 635 00:34:06,800 --> 00:34:09,199 I mean, you have two choices. Either all these people who have 636 00:34:09,199 --> 00:34:12,560 been studying DNA and have told us, hey, look, the longest it 637 00:34:12,560 --> 00:34:15,520 can last is 6.8 million years and then there's no DNA left. 638 00:34:16,040 --> 00:34:18,800 So that's been the that's been the go to for a long time. 639 00:34:19,159 --> 00:34:23,560 And then we come up with these samples where we see what looks 640 00:34:23,560 --> 00:34:27,120 like and it shows evidence that it is DNA in samples that are 641 00:34:27,120 --> 00:34:30,400 supposed to be 70 million, eighty million, 125 million 642 00:34:30,400 --> 00:34:33,480 years old. So what is the response of the 643 00:34:33,480 --> 00:34:35,760 academics? Well, First off, they say, well, 644 00:34:35,960 --> 00:34:38,600 it does test positive for it, but who knows, You know, maybe 645 00:34:38,600 --> 00:34:40,800 we're missing something here. 20 years later, they're still 646 00:34:40,800 --> 00:34:42,120 testing. It's still showing. 647 00:34:42,120 --> 00:34:42,679 Yeah. Oh, yeah. 648 00:34:42,679 --> 00:34:46,400 This looks like DNA. Are they doing anything to 649 00:34:46,920 --> 00:34:49,760 really unlock that DNA and show us what's there? 650 00:34:49,960 --> 00:34:52,520 Doesn't seem like it. Are they doing anything to 651 00:34:52,520 --> 00:34:57,040 question this notion that DNA can only last 6 or 7,000,000 652 00:34:57,040 --> 00:34:59,240 years? Well, they are doing that, but 653 00:34:59,240 --> 00:35:03,160 are they doing anything to question the narrative of of the 654 00:35:03,160 --> 00:35:06,000 old Earth that dinosaurs have been around for hundreds of 655 00:35:06,000 --> 00:35:07,680 millions of years? Oh, no. 656 00:35:08,000 --> 00:35:10,040 And why not? Well, because that would totally 657 00:35:10,360 --> 00:35:15,040 upset the whole concept of evolution because without deep 658 00:35:15,040 --> 00:35:17,320 time, evolution really doesn't work. 659 00:35:17,600 --> 00:35:20,880 You have sure, you have what amounts to selective breeding 660 00:35:20,880 --> 00:35:23,840 that's going to that's going to result in some changes in 661 00:35:23,840 --> 00:35:25,520 species, you know, over the short term. 662 00:35:25,880 --> 00:35:29,840 But as far as turning dinosaurs into, you know, into little 663 00:35:29,840 --> 00:35:33,320 finches, well, that doesn't take a week, that takes 100 million 664 00:35:33,320 --> 00:35:35,600 years. And so this is one of the 665 00:35:35,600 --> 00:35:40,040 reasons I think that they have to protect the narrative. 666 00:35:40,280 --> 00:35:43,320 And like I said, it doesn't matter if it's about dinosaurs, 667 00:35:43,440 --> 00:35:46,120 doesn't matter if it's about Bigfoot, doesn't matter about if 668 00:35:46,120 --> 00:35:48,400 it's about UFOs. Recognizing narratives, 669 00:35:48,640 --> 00:35:51,320 recognize what they do when their narratives are are are 670 00:35:51,360 --> 00:35:53,080 challenged. And then you'll start to see 671 00:35:53,080 --> 00:35:54,400 where we're at in this whole thing. 672 00:35:54,720 --> 00:35:56,920 Until next time. This is UFO warning over and 673 00:35:56,920 --> 00:35:57,080 out.