1 00:00:16,000 --> 00:00:19,320 This is the story of a 30 year search by U.S. intelligence 2 00:00:19,320 --> 00:00:21,720 agencies to perfect mind control. 3 00:00:23,920 --> 00:00:26,960 Some of those engaged in that search have agreed to talk about 4 00:00:26,960 --> 00:00:34,270 it for the first time, one said. I think every last one of us 5 00:00:34,270 --> 00:00:36,270 felt sorry to attempt this kind of thing. 6 00:00:36,550 --> 00:00:38,190 We knew we were crossing the line. 7 00:00:39,070 --> 00:00:42,550 The search would be endless, from brothels, an agent says. 8 00:00:42,750 --> 00:00:46,030 We learned a lot about human nature in the bedroom, to the 9 00:00:46,030 --> 00:00:49,270 mystical rites of a magical mushroom ceremony performed by 10 00:00:49,270 --> 00:00:52,150 an Indian shaman to a Spanish bull. 11 00:00:52,150 --> 00:00:55,790 Ray the bull has had electrodes implanted in the brain and is 12 00:00:55,790 --> 00:00:59,080 controlled by a scientist. There would be victims. 13 00:01:07,560 --> 00:01:10,880 One intelligence agency tried to peel this man's mind back to 14 00:01:10,880 --> 00:01:12,600 reveal its deepest secrets lived. 15 00:01:14,800 --> 00:01:17,760 Through it, I lived through it. This man worked on some of these 16 00:01:17,760 --> 00:01:20,040 programs. He would write of his work. 17 00:01:20,330 --> 00:01:26,210 It was fun, fun, fun. This is the story of the search 18 00:01:26,290 --> 00:01:31,770 for mind control. A BC News close up Mission Mind 19 00:01:31,770 --> 00:01:36,970 Control with a BC News correspondent, Paul Altmeyer. 20 00:01:43,010 --> 00:01:46,010 Mark It's been ages. Can I buy? 21 00:01:46,210 --> 00:01:49,330 Allow me two Michelob lights. Michelob makes a light beer. 22 00:01:50,710 --> 00:01:54,550 A good taste of Michelob Light. Don't just compare it to other 23 00:01:54,550 --> 00:01:57,190 light beers. Compare it to your regular beer. 24 00:01:57,390 --> 00:02:00,350 It's that good. You always did go first class. 25 00:02:00,430 --> 00:02:02,990 Your ticket to San Francisco. Thank you, Francisco. 26 00:02:03,310 --> 00:02:11,630 You too. Mrs. Cooper, I need help with 27 00:02:11,670 --> 00:02:14,190 all these different dog foods. I don't know what kind to feed 28 00:02:14,190 --> 00:02:16,470 him. Dry saw honey, it's not the 29 00:02:16,470 --> 00:02:20,110 form, it's the formula. Those are for any dog, young, 30 00:02:20,230 --> 00:02:23,710 old, whatever. But cycle two dog food is 31 00:02:23,710 --> 00:02:26,950 especially for dogs ages one to seven like mine. 32 00:02:27,390 --> 00:02:30,510 The cycle 2 formula has just what dogs in their active years 33 00:02:30,510 --> 00:02:33,870 need to help stay healthy and happy with cycle. 34 00:02:33,870 --> 00:02:38,590 I know what to feed him now. Get cycle two in 25 pound bags. 35 00:02:40,930 --> 00:02:45,650 We are not professing to tell you the complete story of these 36 00:02:45,650 --> 00:02:48,090 activities. We are professing to tell you 37 00:02:48,090 --> 00:02:52,530 the complete story that we know. But these records that we've 38 00:02:52,530 --> 00:02:55,170 uncovered don't tell the story. They tell pieces of it. 39 00:02:55,610 --> 00:02:58,890 This is a story that has been told in bits and pieces. 40 00:02:59,250 --> 00:03:01,490 This is an attempt to pull most of it together. 41 00:03:02,250 --> 00:03:04,050 We know we don't have the full story. 42 00:03:04,250 --> 00:03:07,090 We do, however, have some striking new revelations and 43 00:03:07,090 --> 00:03:10,170 insights. The story begins here, just off 44 00:03:10,170 --> 00:03:12,290 the nation's front yard, the Mall. 45 00:03:13,050 --> 00:03:16,490 The buildings behind me were the headquarters for the World War 2 46 00:03:16,650 --> 00:03:20,890 Office of Strategic Services. It was here that the first 47 00:03:20,890 --> 00:03:23,370 halting steps toward mind control began. 48 00:03:25,170 --> 00:03:29,450 The shaper and molder of OSS was General Wild Bill Donovan, he 49 00:03:29,450 --> 00:03:32,650 said of his group's work. We may have made mistakes, but 50 00:03:32,650 --> 00:03:36,050 we were not afraid to try things that were never done before. 51 00:03:36,930 --> 00:03:39,570 In this Anything goes atmosphere, Donovan appointed 52 00:03:39,570 --> 00:03:43,450 this man, Stanley Lovell, a Boston industrialist, to break 53 00:03:43,450 --> 00:03:46,770 new ground in many scientific and technical fields. 54 00:03:47,290 --> 00:03:50,530 Donovan Cole level his doctor Moriarty after the fiendish 55 00:03:50,530 --> 00:03:54,490 professor in Sherlock Holmes. Lovell liked the name and posed 56 00:03:54,490 --> 00:03:56,370 for this Saturday Evening Post photo. 57 00:03:57,250 --> 00:04:00,810 He later wrote of his OSS job that it was quote, to stimulate 58 00:04:00,810 --> 00:04:03,890 the peck's bad boy beneath the surface of every American 59 00:04:03,890 --> 00:04:07,520 scientist and to say to him throw all of your normal law 60 00:04:07,520 --> 00:04:11,320 abiding concepts out of the window, here's a chance to raise 61 00:04:11,320 --> 00:04:14,560 merry hell. It was in this atmosphere that 62 00:04:14,560 --> 00:04:16,519 the search for mind control began. 63 00:04:17,600 --> 00:04:20,440 This bizarre man would be an active participant in that 64 00:04:20,440 --> 00:04:22,360 search over the next two decades. 65 00:04:22,840 --> 00:04:26,560 His name is George White, an 0 s s captain who had formerly been 66 00:04:26,560 --> 00:04:30,160 with the Bureau of Narcotics. In his Diaries, seen here 67 00:04:30,160 --> 00:04:33,380 publicly for the first time, White left a legacy of the 68 00:04:33,380 --> 00:04:35,860 darker side of American intelligence work. 69 00:04:36,740 --> 00:04:39,540 He received his early OSS training at the British run 70 00:04:39,540 --> 00:04:43,180 school at Oshawa, Canada, the same school where Ian Fleming, 71 00:04:43,220 --> 00:04:45,540 the creator of James Bond, was trained. 72 00:04:46,260 --> 00:04:50,060 White referred to the school in his Diaries as the Oshawa School 73 00:04:50,060 --> 00:04:55,460 of Mayhem and Murder, Mike Burke, former OSS colleague of 74 00:04:55,460 --> 00:04:58,500 Whites and now president of Madison Square Garden Center. 75 00:05:00,860 --> 00:05:04,460 Compelling fellow A mysterious fellow, almost mystical fellow. 76 00:05:04,460 --> 00:05:06,660 He was fascinating because you didn't. 77 00:05:06,660 --> 00:05:09,180 You knew something about him and not not enough about him to 78 00:05:09,180 --> 00:05:13,260 really get a fix on him. He also knew a great deal about 79 00:05:13,260 --> 00:05:18,540 the swifter elements of society, the gamier side of life and and 80 00:05:18,540 --> 00:05:22,500 he was very impressive in his technical knowledge of of the 81 00:05:22,540 --> 00:05:25,860 underworld, so to speak. He said one of one of our men 82 00:05:25,860 --> 00:05:27,900 gets beat up. He says you have to act real 83 00:05:27,900 --> 00:05:31,040 fast. And teach these guys a lesson. 84 00:05:31,240 --> 00:05:34,360 Charles Saragusa, a former narcotics officer and friend of 85 00:05:34,360 --> 00:05:36,320 White's. He's all come around, he says, 86 00:05:36,320 --> 00:05:41,280 and break in kneecaps. And with that, one guy laughed. 87 00:05:42,360 --> 00:05:46,440 And George, well, was that little little Billy with him and 88 00:05:46,440 --> 00:05:48,760 this one guy sort of naked George White trained on and 89 00:05:48,760 --> 00:05:50,200 wiped him across the neck with it. 90 00:05:51,640 --> 00:05:54,880 Then he picked up a pool steak and start beating everybody up. 91 00:05:55,560 --> 00:05:57,400 He made his point. And he made his point. 92 00:05:58,520 --> 00:06:01,640 George White was not a man of understatement or subtleties. 93 00:06:01,960 --> 00:06:06,280 His boss at OSS Stanley Level referred to him as deadly and 94 00:06:06,280 --> 00:06:09,480 dedicated. In this note from White's 95 00:06:09,480 --> 00:06:14,880 Diaries, it says call level regarding TDTD was a rather 96 00:06:14,880 --> 00:06:17,080 transparent cover for Truth Drug. 97 00:06:18,560 --> 00:06:20,960 George White worked with the Truth Drug Committee here at 98 00:06:20,960 --> 00:06:23,360 Saint Elizabeth's Hospital in the nation's capital. 99 00:06:24,100 --> 00:06:26,900 They experimented with mescaline, scapalamine and 100 00:06:26,900 --> 00:06:31,140 marijuana on unwitting victims. The committee soon learned there 101 00:06:31,140 --> 00:06:34,620 was no easy panacea, no truth drug at this stage. 102 00:06:34,980 --> 00:06:37,860 But White and later colleagues would not stop trying. 103 00:06:38,300 --> 00:06:43,780 The goal remained the same as this 1952 CIA memo says. 104 00:06:43,980 --> 00:06:47,620 The aim is controlling an individual to the point where he 105 00:06:47,620 --> 00:06:51,580 will do our bidding against his will and even against such 106 00:06:51,580 --> 00:06:55,040 fundamental laws of nature as self preservation. 107 00:06:57,760 --> 00:07:01,160 But it was a discovery here in Basel, Switzerland, at Sandoz 108 00:07:01,160 --> 00:07:04,000 Laboratories by doctor Albert Hoffman that led the 109 00:07:04,000 --> 00:07:07,320 intelligence agencies of America to believe that they had found 110 00:07:07,320 --> 00:07:15,120 the panacea. The discovery was lysergic acid 111 00:07:15,120 --> 00:07:19,460 diethalamine LSD. The film that you see is 112 00:07:19,460 --> 00:07:22,860 considered by many experts to be the closest illustration of the 113 00:07:22,860 --> 00:07:29,700 effects of a hallucinogenic. It was one of the first times 114 00:07:29,700 --> 00:07:36,380 that anybody had run into a powerful drug that was different 115 00:07:36,940 --> 00:07:39,300 than anything else that they knew anything about. 116 00:07:39,980 --> 00:07:43,900 John Gittinger, recently retired chief psychologist for the CIA. 117 00:07:44,650 --> 00:07:46,730 This is the first time Getting her has been interviewed 118 00:07:46,730 --> 00:07:49,410 publicly. We could disable the whole city 119 00:07:49,410 --> 00:07:52,090 by putting a very small amount on a water supply. 120 00:07:52,570 --> 00:07:57,090 After all of these years of us, those of us who involved and 121 00:07:57,090 --> 00:08:01,730 then looking for this secret drug, this was the only thing 122 00:08:01,730 --> 00:08:04,370 that began to look for the first time, like it might be something 123 00:08:04,370 --> 00:08:11,400 like that. The CIA's interest in LSD was 124 00:08:11,400 --> 00:08:13,760 intense. The worry was that the Russians 125 00:08:13,760 --> 00:08:19,200 would get hold of it were the Soviets into LSDI. 126 00:08:19,360 --> 00:08:23,120 Going to have to say, I'm sure they were, but if you asked me 127 00:08:23,120 --> 00:08:26,880 to prove it, I I've never seen any direct proof of it. 128 00:08:28,520 --> 00:08:31,200 But at one point, intelligence information received from 129 00:08:31,200 --> 00:08:34,360 Switzerland said that Sandoz Laboratories was about to put 130 00:08:34,360 --> 00:08:39,230 100 million doses of LSD on the open market and it caused enough 131 00:08:39,230 --> 00:08:42,590 concern within the agency that the United States was prepared 132 00:08:42,590 --> 00:08:46,910 to buy the entire supply. However, a slight mistake had 133 00:08:46,910 --> 00:08:49,350 been made. The mistake is made public for 134 00:08:49,350 --> 00:08:52,590 the first time. I just found out by the new CIA 135 00:08:52,590 --> 00:08:57,070 document that there were no such large quantities of LSD on the 136 00:08:57,070 --> 00:08:59,990 market. John Marks has filed numerous 137 00:08:59,990 --> 00:09:03,270 Freedom of Information suits against the CIA and has on earth 138 00:09:03,270 --> 00:09:06,160 much new material. He is the author of The Search 139 00:09:06,160 --> 00:09:09,480 for the Manchurian Candidate, a history of intelligence agency 140 00:09:09,480 --> 00:09:12,560 work with mind control. He is a consultant for this 141 00:09:12,560 --> 00:09:14,560 report. What happened is that there was 142 00:09:14,560 --> 00:09:17,360 a military attache in Switzerland, an American 143 00:09:17,360 --> 00:09:20,840 officer, who got milligrams and kilograms mixed up. 144 00:09:21,210 --> 00:09:24,970 In other words, he made a mistake of thinking one one 145 00:09:24,970 --> 00:09:29,690 thousandth of a gram was the same as 1000 grams, which is a 146 00:09:29,690 --> 00:09:33,130 mistake of a million times. So when the CIA got the 147 00:09:33,130 --> 00:09:36,690 intelligence that there were 100 million doses on the market, in 148 00:09:36,690 --> 00:09:40,570 fact, there were 100 doses. The man who would oversee the CI 149 00:09:40,570 --> 00:09:43,730 A's research into drugs and most of the agency's behavior 150 00:09:43,730 --> 00:09:47,490 programs is this man, Doctor Sidney Gottlieb, A chemist. 151 00:09:47,980 --> 00:09:52,020 Dr. Gottlieb declined a BC News request for an interview in 152 00:09:52,020 --> 00:09:54,180 their never ending search for the miracle weapons. 153 00:09:54,180 --> 00:09:57,580 CIA operative searched here in the remote mountain areas of 154 00:09:57,580 --> 00:10:01,180 southern Mexico for what up to then had been considered a myth. 155 00:10:01,460 --> 00:10:05,580 Magic mushrooms. They use this man, a part time 156 00:10:05,580 --> 00:10:10,140 chemist with the CIA to do this man, a vice president of a bank 157 00:10:10,140 --> 00:10:13,660 and an amateur mycologist or mushroom expert, to try to get 158 00:10:13,660 --> 00:10:15,980 to the magic mushrooms and turn them into a drug. 159 00:10:17,360 --> 00:10:19,920 But it would be the amateur, our Gordon Wasson and his 160 00:10:19,920 --> 00:10:22,960 colleagues, who would win the race and develop the drug 161 00:10:22,960 --> 00:10:25,360 psilocybin from the magic mushrooms. 162 00:10:26,600 --> 00:10:33,920 We went into the Mazitek area, far from the highways, remote 163 00:10:33,920 --> 00:10:37,560 from Mexico City. There we found that rotten 164 00:10:37,560 --> 00:10:40,120 bagasses. It's called Bagasso, covered 165 00:10:40,120 --> 00:10:43,360 with mushrooms. These mushrooms I didn't know, 166 00:10:43,360 --> 00:10:46,580 did, never, had never seen. They were the sacred mushrooms. 167 00:10:47,380 --> 00:10:50,580 Lawson would also discover and record the ancient mystical 168 00:10:50,580 --> 00:10:53,740 rites of the mushrooms from a local shaman or magical 169 00:10:53,740 --> 00:11:02,020 priestess, Maria Sabina. And we were seeing incredible 170 00:11:02,020 --> 00:11:05,540 sights. They would go slowly or they 171 00:11:05,540 --> 00:11:12,030 would go fast. As I ordained, all your senses 172 00:11:12,030 --> 00:11:15,470 are rendered acute. Did we say that you see visions, 173 00:11:15,470 --> 00:11:19,510 You see hallucinations, but that that doesn't begin to tell the 174 00:11:19,510 --> 00:11:21,910 story. The hallucinations are only part 175 00:11:21,910 --> 00:11:24,310 of it. You hear sounds, You smell 176 00:11:24,310 --> 00:11:27,230 things. The the the night was thrilling. 177 00:11:29,230 --> 00:11:32,310 Word of Lawson's discovery reached the CIA quickly. 178 00:11:32,940 --> 00:11:36,340 Doctor James Moore, a University of Delaware chemist, secretly 179 00:11:36,340 --> 00:11:39,940 served the CIA preparing deadly chemicals on short notice. 180 00:11:40,620 --> 00:11:43,500 Moore was instructed to get close to us and and accompany 181 00:11:43,500 --> 00:11:46,940 him on another trip to Mexico to get the magic mushrooms. 182 00:11:47,380 --> 00:11:50,980 Internal documents show the CIA felt a drug derived from the 183 00:11:50,980 --> 00:11:53,700 mushrooms could remain an agency secret. 184 00:11:54,380 --> 00:11:56,100 What in the world were they looking for with the magic 185 00:11:56,100 --> 00:11:59,180 mushrooms? I think the best answer to that 186 00:11:59,180 --> 00:12:06,380 is that they were looking for. Fundamental information on 187 00:12:06,380 --> 00:12:14,780 compounds that were would be capable of causing changes in in 188 00:12:14,780 --> 00:12:17,620 behavior, changes in mental attitude. 189 00:12:18,620 --> 00:12:21,340 Did you ever consider what would have happened if any of these 190 00:12:21,340 --> 00:12:24,340 substances were given to, say, unwitting people? 191 00:12:27,220 --> 00:12:30,420 Oh, I don't remember having considered that specifically. 192 00:12:30,420 --> 00:12:36,060 I What if you? I trust perhaps you've thought 193 00:12:36,060 --> 00:12:39,100 about it? Well, I haven't worried about 194 00:12:39,100 --> 00:12:42,140 it. I you what your question again. 195 00:12:42,140 --> 00:12:46,540 What would I have thought had I known that the, the any of these 196 00:12:46,540 --> 00:12:51,300 substances would have been given to unwitting persons? 197 00:12:51,980 --> 00:12:56,340 You mean a a hostile agent and then of another government? 198 00:12:56,340 --> 00:12:59,780 No, I mean that. Was probably, I mean, testing it 199 00:12:59,780 --> 00:13:13,210 out on an American citizen. I I guess I must seem very very 200 00:13:13,210 --> 00:13:18,050 coldblooded about this, but I don't recall ever having been 201 00:13:18,610 --> 00:13:21,950 very much. Preoccupied with that with that 202 00:13:21,950 --> 00:13:27,270 issue, but many drugs were tested in this way. 203 00:13:28,310 --> 00:13:31,630 A decision was made at the highest levels of the CIA to do 204 00:13:31,630 --> 00:13:36,440 testing on unwitting Americans. As one CIA document says, such 205 00:13:36,440 --> 00:13:39,200 testing would be operationally realistic. 206 00:13:39,800 --> 00:13:43,400 A former CIA official who worked on these programs describes for 207 00:13:43,400 --> 00:13:45,920 the first time how the decision was made. 208 00:13:46,600 --> 00:13:50,280 He did not wish to be filmed or recorded, thus his remarks are 209 00:13:50,280 --> 00:13:54,000 read by someone else. I think every last one of us 210 00:13:54,000 --> 00:13:56,040 felt sorry to attempt this kind of thing. 211 00:13:56,960 --> 00:13:58,600 We knew we were crossing the line. 212 00:13:59,360 --> 00:14:02,160 Every decent kid knows he shouldn't steal, but he does it 213 00:14:02,160 --> 00:14:05,320 sometimes. We knew damn well we didn't want 214 00:14:05,320 --> 00:14:07,200 anyone else to know what we were doing. 215 00:14:10,040 --> 00:14:13,040 The decision was made to do testing on unwitting victims. 216 00:14:13,720 --> 00:14:17,000 It was decided they should be on the fringes of society because 217 00:14:17,000 --> 00:14:19,840 they were most vulnerable. It was the borderline 218 00:14:19,840 --> 00:14:22,280 underworld. Prostitutes, drug addicts and 219 00:14:22,280 --> 00:14:25,360 other small timers would be powerless to seek any kind of 220 00:14:25,360 --> 00:14:31,480 revenge in case they found out and as their predecessors had a 221 00:14:31,480 --> 00:14:35,200 decade earlier, the CIA turned to George White for help. 222 00:14:35,960 --> 00:14:39,720 White was now a high-ranking narcotics official and by this 223 00:14:39,720 --> 00:14:43,040 time the stories about George White were legendary. 224 00:14:44,160 --> 00:14:46,320 So the way this says you might help you, Monsieur. 225 00:14:47,800 --> 00:14:51,280 And George White was busy talking with me, paid no 226 00:14:51,280 --> 00:14:53,960 attention to waiters, So the way to tap them on his shoulders is 227 00:14:53,960 --> 00:14:58,400 so you might help you, Monsieur. George White turned around, 228 00:14:58,400 --> 00:15:01,680 whipped his gun out, and stuck it in the guy's face like this. 229 00:15:01,680 --> 00:15:06,150 In this crowded restaurant. George White did not mind 230 00:15:06,150 --> 00:15:08,470 bending the law, and he knew the street well. 231 00:15:09,270 --> 00:15:12,390 He was the ideal choice for what the CIA had in mind. 232 00:15:14,670 --> 00:15:17,070 We were Ivy League white middle class. 233 00:15:17,350 --> 00:15:20,470 We were naive, totally naive about this, and he felt pretty 234 00:15:20,470 --> 00:15:23,150 expert. He knew the whores, the pimps, 235 00:15:23,150 --> 00:15:24,790 the people who brought in the drugs. 236 00:15:26,710 --> 00:15:30,270 White set up socalled safe houses for the CIA in New York, 237 00:15:30,390 --> 00:15:34,720 here in Greenwich Village and later in San Francisco in this 238 00:15:34,720 --> 00:15:40,000 hotel and in an apartment, a top Telegraph hill with a commanding 239 00:15:40,000 --> 00:15:44,320 view of San Francisco Bay. While the existence of these 240 00:15:44,320 --> 00:15:48,120 safe houses was disclosed last year, details of what took place 241 00:15:48,120 --> 00:15:52,880 within them has not been told. A former CIA official who worked 242 00:15:52,880 --> 00:15:56,000 in the safe houses reveals that they were used not only for drug 243 00:15:56,000 --> 00:15:59,680 testing, but to study sexual behavior and how it could be 244 00:15:59,680 --> 00:16:03,910 used to manipulate people. We did quite a study of 245 00:16:03,910 --> 00:16:07,310 prostitutes in their behavior. How do you take a woman who is 246 00:16:07,310 --> 00:16:10,270 willing to use her body to get money out of a guy, to get him 247 00:16:10,270 --> 00:16:12,950 to talk about things which are much more important, like state 248 00:16:12,950 --> 00:16:18,350 secrets? We learned a lot about human 249 00:16:18,350 --> 00:16:21,390 nature in the bedroom. We started to pick up knowledge 250 00:16:21,390 --> 00:16:23,230 that could be used in operations. 251 00:16:25,470 --> 00:16:28,510 There would be victims in all of this, but as the agency knew, 252 00:16:28,510 --> 00:16:32,140 they couldn't fight back. Some entries from George White's 253 00:16:32,140 --> 00:16:35,140 Diaries. Clarice gets horrors. 254 00:16:35,500 --> 00:16:40,620 Janet Sky high. As one agency memo says, we have 255 00:16:40,620 --> 00:16:44,020 no answer to the moral question. The safe houses were not the 256 00:16:44,020 --> 00:16:46,980 only testing rounds. Millions of dollars would be 257 00:16:46,980 --> 00:16:49,940 spent on LSD research at universities throughout the 258 00:16:49,940 --> 00:16:53,380 country, and word would begin to spread on campus about this 259 00:16:53,380 --> 00:16:57,090 socalled mindblowing drug. Suddenly, there was the 260 00:16:57,090 --> 00:17:02,250 counterculture of the 60s. I give the CIAA total credit for 261 00:17:02,250 --> 00:17:05,930 sponsoring and initiating the entire consciousness movement 262 00:17:06,250 --> 00:17:09,369 counterculture events of the 1960s. 263 00:17:09,569 --> 00:17:13,490 Doctor Timothy Leary. The 1960s Johnny Appleseed of 264 00:17:13,490 --> 00:17:18,290 LSD. The CIA funded and supported and 265 00:17:18,530 --> 00:17:21,770 encouraged hundreds of young psychiatrists to experiment with 266 00:17:21,770 --> 00:17:24,690 this drug. The fallout from that was that 267 00:17:24,690 --> 00:17:26,930 the young psychologists began taking it themselves, 268 00:17:26,930 --> 00:17:30,130 discovering that it was an intelligence enhancing, 269 00:17:30,130 --> 00:17:32,210 consciousness raising experience. 270 00:17:32,530 --> 00:17:38,050 I know that some of the studies in which the CIA had supported 271 00:17:38,290 --> 00:17:41,090 used as subjects people who later became. 272 00:17:41,580 --> 00:17:45,620 Strong proselytizes of LSD. So we know in that sense, yes, I 273 00:17:45,620 --> 00:17:52,460 think it did sustain the the perpetuation of the of the use 274 00:17:52,460 --> 00:17:55,180 of the drug and it's rather ironic, isn't it? 275 00:17:55,580 --> 00:17:59,260 The counter case that I would make in relationship to that is 276 00:17:59,260 --> 00:18:05,340 that remember that the people who were doing the research were 277 00:18:05,340 --> 00:18:09,620 people who would be doing the research regardless. 278 00:18:10,140 --> 00:18:15,340 Of who was a sponsor, I don't. I don't think anybody working 279 00:18:15,340 --> 00:18:17,740 and then that time in the remotest ever thought that it 280 00:18:17,740 --> 00:18:19,780 would blow up into the kind of thing that it did. 281 00:18:25,860 --> 00:18:29,180 History will judge the role of the CIA and other intelligence 282 00:18:29,180 --> 00:18:31,620 agencies in unwittingly contributing to the 283 00:18:31,620 --> 00:18:34,820 counterculture of the 60s through their intense interest 284 00:18:34,820 --> 00:18:37,460 in LSD and other hallucinogenics. 285 00:18:40,180 --> 00:18:44,620 But for the moment at least, the argument can be made that the 286 00:18:44,620 --> 00:18:48,660 CIA helped usher in the Age of Aquarius. 287 00:18:54,900 --> 00:18:58,220 A BC news close up will continue in a moment. 288 00:18:59,940 --> 00:19:02,620 Being careful about my body doesn't just mean major things 289 00:19:02,620 --> 00:19:05,620 like regular breast exams. I'm even careful about pain 290 00:19:05,620 --> 00:19:08,130 relievers. Plain aspirin sometimes upset my 291 00:19:08,130 --> 00:19:11,250 stomach, so I use Bufferin. It adds protection. 292 00:19:11,730 --> 00:19:13,610 I'm careful about what goes into my body. 293 00:19:13,930 --> 00:19:15,730 Bufferin gives me an added relief action. 294 00:19:15,730 --> 00:19:19,330 I want Tylenol doesn't. Only one leading tablet has 295 00:19:19,330 --> 00:19:21,250 both. An added relief action in many 296 00:19:21,250 --> 00:19:24,290 cases that Tylenol never provides, and protection 297 00:19:24,290 --> 00:19:28,770 ingredients Bufferin. Now I'm careful to get both with 298 00:19:28,770 --> 00:19:33,670 Bufferin because sink traps plug with grease. 299 00:19:34,870 --> 00:19:38,230 Use Crystal Drano. I'll pour in liquid plumber. 300 00:19:38,430 --> 00:19:40,990 Don't. It may not work on that grease 301 00:19:40,990 --> 00:19:44,350 Clog. No crystal Drano will look. 302 00:19:44,350 --> 00:19:46,990 Liquid plumber's quiet. It's not melting that grease. 303 00:19:47,270 --> 00:19:51,750 But Drano is it broke through? Will Drano hurt metal pipes? 304 00:19:51,870 --> 00:19:54,830 No. So liquid plumber didn't break 305 00:19:54,830 --> 00:19:57,790 that grease clog. I'm switching to Drano and they 306 00:19:57,790 --> 00:20:04,130 clogs go better use Drano. Saturday live on a BC The Forest 307 00:20:04,130 --> 00:20:06,690 Hills spends Invitational from the legendary West Side Tennis 308 00:20:06,690 --> 00:20:10,010 Club, then live third round coverage of the most prestigious 309 00:20:10,050 --> 00:20:12,410 ladies coffee bet. Palace Stacy goes for her third 310 00:20:12,410 --> 00:20:15,530 straight US Women's Open title and Red hot Nancy Lopez shoots 311 00:20:15,530 --> 00:20:17,250 for her elusive first Open victory. 312 00:20:17,690 --> 00:20:21,010 And on a B C's Wide World of Sports rodeo excitement from the 313 00:20:21,010 --> 00:20:24,690 Wild West, plus high speeds, high thrills, hydroplane, Action 314 00:20:25,010 --> 00:20:28,050 Championship, tennis, golf and a B C's Wide World of Sports 315 00:20:28,170 --> 00:20:35,030 Saturday Wednesday on 8 is enough. 316 00:20:35,030 --> 00:20:38,550 We got the buggy fever. The Bradford girls go disco 317 00:20:38,550 --> 00:20:40,790 crazy. Hey, Hiya Hun. 318 00:20:41,830 --> 00:20:47,830 What do you say we get and the summer's off to a red hot start 319 00:20:48,190 --> 00:20:49,910 and Charlie's Angels play the horses? 320 00:20:49,910 --> 00:20:53,390 I want to be a Jackie but end up in a dead heat with death. 321 00:20:54,620 --> 00:20:57,860 Then the ghost of Jack the Ripper haunts the backstreets of 322 00:20:57,860 --> 00:21:03,740 Vegas tomorrow, starting at 87 Central and Mountain on a BC. 323 00:21:10,740 --> 00:21:14,020 Covering a span of history such as we are in this report, one 324 00:21:14,020 --> 00:21:17,220 can get sidetracked by the socalled glamour and mystery of 325 00:21:17,220 --> 00:21:21,140 espionage work, or by the exotic qualities of some drugs. 326 00:21:21,540 --> 00:21:24,460 But what you can't lose sight of is what all of this would mean 327 00:21:24,460 --> 00:21:26,700 in terms of individual human beings. 328 00:21:27,020 --> 00:21:29,380 There would be deaths. It would be long lasting and 329 00:21:29,380 --> 00:21:33,700 harmful effects. The best known case is that of 330 00:21:33,700 --> 00:21:37,380 this man, Frank Olson, a chemist employed by the Army Chemical 331 00:21:37,380 --> 00:21:42,140 Corps, who in 1953 was slipped LSD unknowingly at a meeting 332 00:21:42,140 --> 00:21:45,540 with CIA officials. Shortly after that, Olson went 333 00:21:45,540 --> 00:21:49,340 into severe depression. He ended his life at this New 334 00:21:49,340 --> 00:21:53,180 York hotel by diving through a shaded, closed window in his 335 00:21:53,180 --> 00:21:57,210 10th floor room. Frank Olson was the first known 336 00:21:57,210 --> 00:22:00,010 fatality in the CIA's LSD program. 337 00:22:01,530 --> 00:22:04,970 Olson left behind a widow, Alice, and three children, but 338 00:22:04,970 --> 00:22:07,770 it would be years before they learn the real story of his 339 00:22:07,770 --> 00:22:12,010 death. Shortly after his suicide, Alice 340 00:22:12,010 --> 00:22:15,410 Olson was visited by doctor Sidney Gutley, the man who had 341 00:22:15,410 --> 00:22:18,970 administered the drug, and by Robert Lashbrook, his deputy, 342 00:22:19,170 --> 00:22:21,970 who was the last person with Frank Olson the night of his 343 00:22:21,970 --> 00:22:25,140 death. It was probably to check me out 344 00:22:25,180 --> 00:22:29,380 and see whether I was handling myself and handling the 345 00:22:29,380 --> 00:22:33,260 situation, whether I was hysterical and I'm sure they 346 00:22:33,260 --> 00:22:36,180 left the house feeling ever so much better because I had been 347 00:22:37,140 --> 00:22:41,460 gracious and hospitable to them, so that I must have played right 348 00:22:41,500 --> 00:22:45,980 into their hand and made them feel fine. 23 years later, did 349 00:22:45,980 --> 00:22:47,460 you? How did you feel about that 350 00:22:47,460 --> 00:22:51,110 meeting? My anger was unbelievable at how 351 00:22:51,110 --> 00:22:55,070 I had been duped for this length of time and the anguish which 352 00:22:55,070 --> 00:22:58,950 was unnecessary. Anyone who knew during all of 353 00:22:58,950 --> 00:23:02,190 those years never told Alice Olson the real story of her 354 00:23:02,190 --> 00:23:04,750 husband's death. She would discover it by 355 00:23:04,750 --> 00:23:06,710 accident more than two decades later. 356 00:23:07,230 --> 00:23:09,950 In essence, it was a 22 year long cover up. 357 00:23:11,510 --> 00:23:15,190 Lyman Kirkpatrick was Inspector General of the CIA at the time 358 00:23:15,190 --> 00:23:19,060 of Frank Olson's death. But had not the Olsen case 359 00:23:19,060 --> 00:23:23,180 occurred within the secret confines of the CIA, would not 360 00:23:23,180 --> 00:23:25,540 this case have been a prosecutable case? 361 00:23:25,860 --> 00:23:29,380 Perhaps many, I would think very definitely prosecutable, and 362 00:23:29,380 --> 00:23:35,180 certainly from the point of view of the of Mr. Olsen, why it 363 00:23:35,220 --> 00:23:37,020 should probably have been actionable. 364 00:23:37,740 --> 00:23:41,620 Frank Olsen suicide slowed down the CI A's testing of LSD and 365 00:23:41,620 --> 00:23:43,780 other drugs, but only momentarily. 366 00:23:45,360 --> 00:23:48,320 The CIA was not the only government agency interested in 367 00:23:48,320 --> 00:23:51,560 the possibilities LSD and other drugs presented for mind 368 00:23:51,560 --> 00:23:54,240 control. The Army Chemical Corps first 369 00:23:54,240 --> 00:23:57,360 started working with the CIA and then branched off on its own. 370 00:23:58,120 --> 00:24:01,520 It, too, tested drugs on unwitting victims, and a death 371 00:24:01,560 --> 00:24:04,520 would result. The case of this man, Harold 372 00:24:04,520 --> 00:24:08,120 Blauer, a tennis pro seen here with his daughter Elizabeth, is 373 00:24:08,120 --> 00:24:11,420 well known. In 1953, Blauer was a private 374 00:24:11,420 --> 00:24:14,060 patient at the New York State Psychiatric Institute. 375 00:24:14,940 --> 00:24:17,940 He was given 5 injections of a mescaline derivative that was 376 00:24:17,940 --> 00:24:20,540 being tested secretly for the Army Chemical Corps. 377 00:24:21,380 --> 00:24:24,020 With the 5th injection, Harold Blauer died. 378 00:24:24,500 --> 00:24:28,340 As with the Olson case, a 22 year cover up followed until 379 00:24:28,340 --> 00:24:31,980 finally the army admitted the real details of Blauer's death 380 00:24:33,020 --> 00:24:36,020 since the initial news stories of Harold Blauer's death close 381 00:24:36,020 --> 00:24:39,740 to 5000 documents. Previously classified have been 382 00:24:39,740 --> 00:24:43,060 released by the Army and obtained by a BC News. 383 00:24:43,740 --> 00:24:47,300 They provide valuable insight into Army activities at the time 384 00:24:47,300 --> 00:24:50,660 of Blower's death and where the Army went from there with their 385 00:24:50,660 --> 00:24:56,380 own drug testing program from a previously classified deposition 386 00:24:56,380 --> 00:24:59,500 of Doctor James Cattell, who administered the mesculine 387 00:24:59,500 --> 00:25:03,820 derivative on the purpose of the drug testing to produce symptoms 388 00:25:03,820 --> 00:25:06,180 similar to those that you see in schizophrenia. 389 00:25:07,060 --> 00:25:09,100 On how much the patient knew about all this. 390 00:25:09,940 --> 00:25:12,660 We didn't delineate all the possibilities of what might 391 00:25:12,660 --> 00:25:15,620 happen, because then you contaminate your experiment. 392 00:25:16,220 --> 00:25:19,140 Cattell then relates that he never even knew what drug he had 393 00:25:19,140 --> 00:25:21,820 given Harold Blauer. Because of the secrecy of the 394 00:25:21,820 --> 00:25:25,540 Army experiments, we didn't know whether it was dog piss. 395 00:25:25,700 --> 00:25:27,460 This was secret. This was a secret. 396 00:25:27,460 --> 00:25:31,700 We weren't in on it. We asked Blower's daughter 397 00:25:31,700 --> 00:25:37,390 Elizabeth for her reaction. How can anybody react to that? 398 00:25:37,390 --> 00:25:41,110 I mean, it is so far from from what you'd expect from a human 399 00:25:41,110 --> 00:25:44,190 being, never mind a doctor, never mind a professional 400 00:25:44,190 --> 00:25:46,630 specialist who's supposed to care about people's minds. 401 00:25:47,750 --> 00:25:53,430 It's it's unbelievable. A suit filed by Elizabeth 402 00:25:53,430 --> 00:25:56,510 Barrett against the Army Chemical Corps is now pending in 403 00:25:56,510 --> 00:26:02,630 federal court. Other army experiments continued 404 00:26:02,630 --> 00:26:04,590 on mental patients around the country. 405 00:26:05,160 --> 00:26:07,840 The work done at the Tulane Medical Center in New Orleans 406 00:26:07,840 --> 00:26:11,320 involves several drugs, hallucinogenics and electrodes 407 00:26:11,320 --> 00:26:14,640 implanted in the brain. The chief researcher was Doctor 408 00:26:14,640 --> 00:26:17,640 Russell Monroe, now head of the Psychiatry department at the 409 00:26:17,640 --> 00:26:20,840 University of Maryland. These are various progress 410 00:26:20,840 --> 00:26:24,520 reports written by Doctor Monroe and recently obtained by a BC 411 00:26:24,520 --> 00:26:28,040 News from one of the progress reports. 412 00:26:29,350 --> 00:26:31,910 A report of a woman who had electrodes implanted in the 413 00:26:31,910 --> 00:26:35,150 brain and was then given LSD and other drugs. 414 00:26:37,230 --> 00:26:42,390 She became agitated, cried, lapsed into a trance like state. 415 00:26:48,280 --> 00:26:50,280 Tell us if she were about to have a convulsion. 416 00:26:50,800 --> 00:26:57,760 Experienced waves of darkness and light, had bizarre 417 00:26:57,760 --> 00:27:01,440 sensations in her neck and legs. Said somebody was trying to 418 00:27:01,440 --> 00:27:08,800 manipulate her body. At this point, Dr. Monroe wrote 419 00:27:09,160 --> 00:27:12,200 that the woman was obviously having paranoid ideas. 420 00:27:12,480 --> 00:27:17,440 As a as a layperson, perhaps you can enlighten me. 421 00:27:17,720 --> 00:27:21,880 What therapeutic effect would the type of experiment that I 422 00:27:21,880 --> 00:27:24,800 just described have on a patient? 423 00:27:27,400 --> 00:27:32,720 Well, the therapeutic effect would be indirect. 424 00:27:33,600 --> 00:27:35,840 Was this patient aware that she was being given LSD? 425 00:27:36,520 --> 00:27:40,840 Yes. I mean they they were told that 426 00:27:40,840 --> 00:27:44,160 they would be given some medications and they. 427 00:27:44,160 --> 00:27:49,840 Specifically, LSD. Well, we told them I don't think 428 00:27:49,840 --> 00:27:52,120 that they would have even known what LSD was. 429 00:27:52,120 --> 00:27:55,200 Then, at the time they were told that they were going to give, 430 00:27:55,720 --> 00:27:57,880 they would be given some medications, which might make 431 00:27:57,880 --> 00:28:00,070 them feel worse. Doctor Manuel, what? 432 00:28:00,070 --> 00:28:02,230 What do you think the Army Chemical Corps was looking for 433 00:28:02,230 --> 00:28:04,470 in all of this testing? They were looking for an 434 00:28:04,470 --> 00:28:09,390 incapacitating agent, an agent that would not harm the person 435 00:28:09,390 --> 00:28:12,950 permanently, but would incapacitate them temporarily. 436 00:28:13,550 --> 00:28:18,950 That seemed like a a humanistic way to to wage a war, if war is 437 00:28:18,950 --> 00:28:21,950 necessary. When James Thornwell was given 438 00:28:21,950 --> 00:28:26,470 LSD by Army intelligence in 1961, this time it was no 439 00:28:26,470 --> 00:28:29,460 experiment. This time the express purpose 440 00:28:29,460 --> 00:28:33,580 was to peel back Thornwell's brain to bear any secret within 441 00:28:33,580 --> 00:28:36,100 it. This time the Army had gone 442 00:28:36,100 --> 00:28:40,060 operational. Thornwell, as reported on a BC 443 00:28:40,060 --> 00:28:43,380 last January, was an Army private station in Orleans, 444 00:28:43,460 --> 00:28:45,860 France. Classified documents were 445 00:28:45,860 --> 00:28:48,940 missing from his unit. Thornwell became a suspect. 446 00:28:49,780 --> 00:28:53,300 His 2 1/2 month interrogation included administration of 447 00:28:53,300 --> 00:28:56,580 sodium penathol, hypnosis, isolation. 448 00:28:56,840 --> 00:29:01,160 And deprivation of sleep. Army documents obtained by a BC 449 00:29:01,160 --> 00:29:04,640 News refer to this interrogation as conventional. 450 00:29:05,760 --> 00:29:08,800 Despite the severe questioning, Army intelligence was getting 451 00:29:08,800 --> 00:29:14,040 nowhere with Thornwell and it was decided to slip in LSD for 452 00:29:14,040 --> 00:29:16,400 16 years. Thornwell never knew what had 453 00:29:16,400 --> 00:29:17,880 hit him. Tell me about the acid. 454 00:29:19,200 --> 00:29:21,240 I'd rather not. It's a bad trip. 455 00:29:21,240 --> 00:29:25,650 It's a bad trip. That was a bad trip. 456 00:29:26,450 --> 00:29:29,610 The pain was so excruciating. Felt like somebody was sticking 457 00:29:29,610 --> 00:29:33,210 me with a million pins, You know, just everywhere. 458 00:29:35,450 --> 00:30:00,860 Just you want. To start for me, I walked 459 00:30:00,860 --> 00:30:05,180 around. Oh, I can talk. 460 00:30:06,060 --> 00:30:07,580 Live through it. I lived through it. 461 00:30:07,700 --> 00:30:12,420 I lived through. It no charges were ever brought 462 00:30:12,420 --> 00:30:15,620 by the Army against Thornwell, he was discharged for 463 00:30:15,860 --> 00:30:19,490 psychological disorders. But an Army psychiatric 464 00:30:19,490 --> 00:30:22,970 evaluation of Thornwell, obtained by a BC News, one which 465 00:30:22,970 --> 00:30:26,250 was done prior to Thornwell having been given LSD, says of 466 00:30:26,250 --> 00:30:30,090 them fairly cooperative, oriented, alert and gave no 467 00:30:30,090 --> 00:30:32,010 evidence of psychosis or depression. 468 00:30:33,290 --> 00:30:36,370 From the Army's point of view, this type of LSD interrogation 469 00:30:36,370 --> 00:30:39,450 was a success. Other documents refer to the 470 00:30:39,530 --> 00:30:43,610 exploitability of interrogation subjects, cracking them, keeping 471 00:30:43,610 --> 00:30:46,930 them off balance mentally. And providing an economical, 472 00:30:46,930 --> 00:30:49,490 speedy and productive aid to interrogation. 473 00:30:50,730 --> 00:30:53,970 From James Thornwell's point of view, it was no success. 474 00:30:54,730 --> 00:30:56,850 Thornwell still has serious problems. 475 00:30:57,170 --> 00:30:59,570 He's run through two marriages, he maintains. 476 00:30:59,570 --> 00:31:02,970 He can't hold a job, can't concentrate, has nightmares and 477 00:31:02,970 --> 00:31:05,290 feels socially and emotionally isolated. 478 00:31:06,490 --> 00:31:09,490 Last fall, Thornwell filed suit against the government in 479 00:31:09,490 --> 00:31:13,760 federal court. In a moment, we will examine the 480 00:31:13,760 --> 00:31:16,480 closest experimentation to brainwashing that we have 481 00:31:16,480 --> 00:31:28,080 uncovered. Oh, for crying out loud, 482 00:31:28,360 --> 00:31:31,120 something wrong? Will you pick up a paper? 483 00:31:31,120 --> 00:31:34,520 These days, you learn life isn't as simple as it used to be and 484 00:31:34,520 --> 00:31:36,960 neither's food. Is that why you eat grape nut 485 00:31:36,960 --> 00:31:38,000 cereal? Yep. 486 00:31:38,000 --> 00:31:39,720 You couldn't ask for a simpler cereal. 487 00:31:40,320 --> 00:31:42,280 Wheat and barley. Vitamins added, no 488 00:31:42,280 --> 00:31:43,400 preservatives. Sure. 489 00:31:43,400 --> 00:31:45,760 Looks simple. It's got a natural nutty taste. 490 00:31:46,230 --> 00:31:48,470 What's good for breakfast, guys? How about something nice and 491 00:31:48,470 --> 00:31:49,750 simple? Grape Nuts. 492 00:31:49,870 --> 00:31:58,340 The simple cereal. Maxwell House is coffee. 493 00:31:58,340 --> 00:32:06,190 You can count on Maxwell House. Good to the last drop, but every 494 00:32:06,190 --> 00:32:08,470 time. Good coffee. 495 00:32:12,310 --> 00:32:14,550 Maxwell House coffee you can count on. 496 00:32:14,710 --> 00:32:16,950 Always smells good. Always tastes good. 497 00:32:17,150 --> 00:32:27,270 Always good to the last drop. Good news. 498 00:32:27,270 --> 00:32:29,630 A BC news close up will continue. 499 00:32:29,630 --> 00:32:34,020 In a moment special baseball the Yankees take on the Angels 500 00:32:34,020 --> 00:32:39,420 Friday night on a BC. This is a heavy duty stickup and 501 00:32:39,420 --> 00:32:44,140 this is a good place for it. New heavy duty stickups from 502 00:32:44,140 --> 00:32:46,340 Airwick for small places with big odors. 503 00:32:47,150 --> 00:32:49,470 This is David Shumacher in the news At this hour district 504 00:32:49,470 --> 00:32:52,390 police have charged a young northeast woman with the weekend 505 00:32:52,390 --> 00:32:55,150 kidnapping of that day old baby so as to say the woman was a 506 00:32:55,150 --> 00:32:58,430 pregnant and afraid she lost her own child in the accident and 507 00:32:58,430 --> 00:33:01,190 that's what motivated the kidnapping twas the night before 508 00:33:01,190 --> 00:33:04,190 Skylab and we'll have the latest on its fate and ours. 509 00:33:04,470 --> 00:33:07,350 Testimony before Congress today on battered wives Some of the 510 00:33:07,350 --> 00:33:10,550 victims are battered wives. A rock'n'roll star put on 511 00:33:10,550 --> 00:33:12,310 probation for income tax evasion. 512 00:33:12,310 --> 00:33:14,950 The condition is he must put on 1000 hours of concerts for 513 00:33:14,950 --> 00:33:16,910 charities and we'll be talking with the local. 514 00:33:17,150 --> 00:33:19,270 Major, who won a gold medal at the Pan Am Games. 515 00:33:19,310 --> 00:33:23,990 Join us at 11 for the sun Sunshine. 516 00:33:27,750 --> 00:33:36,950 For the sun sunshine. Nothing else tastes or feels 517 00:33:36,950 --> 00:33:40,910 quite like Mountain Dew, or goes down as smooth like a soft 518 00:33:40,910 --> 00:34:00,570 breeze on a lazy afternoon. By far the most chilling 519 00:34:00,570 --> 00:34:03,730 experiments we have uncovered took place at this gothic estate 520 00:34:03,730 --> 00:34:07,890 called Ravens Crag, halfway up Mount Royal in Montreal. 521 00:34:08,920 --> 00:34:12,040 It houses the Allen Memorial Institute of Psychiatry of 522 00:34:12,040 --> 00:34:16,000 McGill University. It was here that the CIA funded 523 00:34:16,000 --> 00:34:19,239 a series of experiments, severe experiments. 524 00:34:20,080 --> 00:34:22,480 The work was done by the institute's then director, 525 00:34:22,480 --> 00:34:25,080 Doctor Ewan Cameron. It is the closest 526 00:34:25,080 --> 00:34:27,760 experimentation to brainwashing yet disclosed. 527 00:34:28,440 --> 00:34:32,000 His work, unprecedented in psychiatry, consisted of three 528 00:34:32,000 --> 00:34:36,800 areas, which he called sleep therapy, psychic driving and the 529 00:34:36,840 --> 00:34:40,420 ultimate. Deep patterning Dr. Maurice 530 00:34:40,420 --> 00:34:45,219 Dolgier, current head of the Allen Memorial Institute, in his 531 00:34:45,340 --> 00:34:50,940 psychic driving, so-called type of of therapy, he would give the 532 00:34:50,940 --> 00:34:56,460 patient intensive electric treatment in order to make the 533 00:34:56,460 --> 00:35:03,340 patient to regress deeply, become forgetful and then he 534 00:35:03,340 --> 00:35:10,010 would attempt to implant new ideas in the mind of a patient. 535 00:35:10,370 --> 00:35:13,770 Now, to a layman, it would appear that Doctor Cameron was 536 00:35:13,770 --> 00:35:18,410 trying to take the slate and wipe it clean, The slate being 537 00:35:18,410 --> 00:35:21,210 the mind. In other words, brainwashing. 538 00:35:21,810 --> 00:35:23,410 Exactly. That's a very good comparison. 539 00:35:23,450 --> 00:35:29,090 Brainwashing, Yes. Val Orlico of Winnipeg, Canada, 540 00:35:29,130 --> 00:35:31,850 the wife of a member of the Canadian Parliament, was a 541 00:35:31,850 --> 00:35:35,250 patient of Doctor Cameron's. She entered the Allen Memorial 542 00:35:35,250 --> 00:35:37,250 Institute because of severe depression. 543 00:35:37,910 --> 00:35:41,910 She describes for the first time publicly the LSD therapy and 544 00:35:41,910 --> 00:35:45,150 psychic driving treatment that she was given by Doctor Cameron. 545 00:35:45,590 --> 00:35:50,710 And then the drug began to take hold very rapidly because it was 546 00:35:50,710 --> 00:35:59,310 an IV injection and things became very furry and very 547 00:35:59,310 --> 00:36:03,870 frightening and had a lot of sensations that it's very 548 00:36:03,870 --> 00:36:07,550 difficult to recall. Nobody explained it to me, 549 00:36:07,550 --> 00:36:10,310 Nobody ever asked me if I was willing to do it or anything. 550 00:36:10,470 --> 00:36:14,750 He had this feeling that he would be able to get through the 551 00:36:15,150 --> 00:36:20,590 resistance of illness and and and to reach deep changes very 552 00:36:20,590 --> 00:36:21,950 quickly. Did he? 553 00:36:22,990 --> 00:36:27,630 I don't think that when you look at that in retrospect, the hopes 554 00:36:27,990 --> 00:36:31,750 that he had had been, has have been in any way fulfilled. 555 00:36:34,960 --> 00:36:38,640 But Cameron would plunge on. The next step was what he called 556 00:36:38,800 --> 00:36:41,640 psychic driving. This involved almost endless 557 00:36:41,640 --> 00:36:44,680 tape, recorded messages and more drugs for the patient. 558 00:36:45,200 --> 00:36:48,200 Cameron wrote that this was the way to make direct control 559 00:36:48,200 --> 00:36:51,520 changes in personality. I thought this was the coldest 560 00:36:51,520 --> 00:36:54,720 and most impersonal treatment that anybody could give to 561 00:36:54,840 --> 00:36:58,240 anybody in the world. And I became more and more 562 00:36:58,240 --> 00:37:01,920 despondent and more and more angry. 563 00:37:04,540 --> 00:37:08,740 I just became so despondent that I thought, I can't, I can't live 564 00:37:08,820 --> 00:37:11,740 like this any longer. And I thought I would just go 565 00:37:11,740 --> 00:37:14,980 out and throw myself underneath the cars on McGregor. 566 00:37:19,820 --> 00:37:23,100 I stood on the curb of that street and and I stood there and 567 00:37:23,100 --> 00:37:28,820 I thought, OK, go, OK, go. And then I thought, what if 568 00:37:28,820 --> 00:37:31,220 you're not killed? What if you're just mean? 569 00:37:31,300 --> 00:37:34,140 What if you don't die and you live and you can't even talk 570 00:37:34,140 --> 00:37:36,820 anymore? And I couldn't do it. 571 00:37:38,900 --> 00:37:41,660 The most severe technique Cameron used was deep 572 00:37:41,660 --> 00:37:44,460 patterning. He described it as breaking up 573 00:37:44,460 --> 00:37:47,860 the existing patterns of behavior by means of intensive 574 00:37:47,860 --> 00:37:51,420 electroshock therapy with prolonged periods of sleep. 575 00:37:52,610 --> 00:37:55,490 He carried out these experiments and something he called the 576 00:37:55,490 --> 00:37:57,610 sleep rooms. People in there were like 577 00:37:57,610 --> 00:37:59,650 babies. They cried and they were very 578 00:37:59,650 --> 00:38:03,010 disoriented and we were very afraid of the sleep room. 579 00:38:03,010 --> 00:38:07,450 We used to walk very carefully against the side of the corridor 580 00:38:07,450 --> 00:38:10,810 that was opposite the sleep room with our backs to the wall when 581 00:38:10,810 --> 00:38:14,730 we go by. Cameron used this combined sleep 582 00:38:14,730 --> 00:38:18,290 electroshock treatment on patients as long as 30 days. 583 00:38:18,570 --> 00:38:22,210 One patient he kept asleep for 65 days. 584 00:38:23,710 --> 00:38:26,830 Cameron retired, and his successor, Doctor Robert 585 00:38:26,830 --> 00:38:30,030 Clayhorn, ordered a follow up study on the patients treated 586 00:38:30,150 --> 00:38:31,990 with Cameron's deep patterning method. 587 00:38:32,070 --> 00:38:36,670 It showed that it was no more beneficial in its result than 588 00:38:36,670 --> 00:38:39,550 the use of more conservative methods. 589 00:38:39,830 --> 00:38:42,710 But the follow up study showed that 60% of those who have been 590 00:38:42,710 --> 00:38:46,070 deep pattern still had amnesia for periods of anywhere from six 591 00:38:46,070 --> 00:38:49,030 months to 10 years. That's quite a memory loss, 592 00:38:49,030 --> 00:38:50,710 isn't it? That is a memory loss. 593 00:38:50,710 --> 00:38:53,960 Indeed it is. It's more, I think, more than 594 00:38:53,960 --> 00:38:57,640 desirable. In retrospect, does Doctor 595 00:38:57,640 --> 00:39:01,560 Cameron's experimentation and his treatment appear harsh? 596 00:39:05,120 --> 00:39:09,440 I would say yes. This forceful type of approach 597 00:39:09,720 --> 00:39:16,400 that I was describing to you is definitely it can be said that 598 00:39:16,400 --> 00:39:19,340 it's harsh. I wouldn't call it harsh. 599 00:39:19,340 --> 00:39:22,100 I would say it was harder on the staff than it was on the 600 00:39:22,100 --> 00:39:27,220 patients because these people had to be fed and they had to be 601 00:39:27,380 --> 00:39:32,500 cared for and they had to be given sufficient fluid and food 602 00:39:32,500 --> 00:39:34,580 and toileted and so on and so forth. 603 00:39:34,580 --> 00:39:43,660 It was a a very difficult thing for the staff to to to follow 604 00:39:43,660 --> 00:39:47,860 these patients properly and see that they they did well. 605 00:39:50,100 --> 00:39:55,140 Well I'm glad he was concerned for the staff but damn it all I 606 00:39:55,340 --> 00:40:01,940 I wouldn't I I I could have maybe had a different kind of 607 00:40:01,940 --> 00:40:09,740 life and that makes me angry and sad and I don't know what how to 608 00:40:09,740 --> 00:40:12,580 explain how I feel really. I just. 609 00:40:12,900 --> 00:40:16,200 I just. How did you feel when you 610 00:40:16,480 --> 00:40:20,520 learned that Doctor Cameron's experimentation was financed by 611 00:40:20,520 --> 00:40:25,520 the CIA? Well, I thought, oh, I can't 612 00:40:25,520 --> 00:40:31,240 even use the word that I thought because I thought that bastard 613 00:40:31,440 --> 00:40:34,000 and he was too smart. He knew. 614 00:40:34,240 --> 00:40:44,000 He knew who he was working for. And excuse me, but I just you 615 00:40:44,000 --> 00:40:45,660 know. I just can't. 616 00:40:45,820 --> 00:40:49,940 Sometimes I can't believe it, and yet I know it's true. 617 00:40:50,620 --> 00:40:55,300 If you had the opportunity to say something to the people at 618 00:40:55,300 --> 00:41:00,300 the Central Intelligence Agency who financed the study, what 619 00:41:00,300 --> 00:41:05,260 would you say? I I realize the CIA is a very 620 00:41:05,260 --> 00:41:08,820 important organization and they have a very important job to do. 621 00:41:09,220 --> 00:41:12,780 But God, it surely doesn't have to be done on people who are. 622 00:41:13,800 --> 00:41:17,720 Totally incapable of knowing what's happening or having any 623 00:41:17,720 --> 00:41:22,000 defense against it. And I I I can't imagine the 624 00:41:22,000 --> 00:41:24,040 mentality of people who would do this. 625 00:41:24,960 --> 00:41:29,280 I just can't. As for Doctor Cameron, he died 626 00:41:29,280 --> 00:41:33,560 in 1966 while mountain climbing, a colleague wrote of Cameron. 627 00:41:33,960 --> 00:41:37,600 For him, the ends justified the means, and when one is dealing 628 00:41:37,600 --> 00:41:41,680 with a waste of human potential, it is easy to adopt the stance 629 00:41:42,730 --> 00:41:46,330 Dr. Cameron seemed ideally suited for what the CIA had in 630 00:41:46,330 --> 00:42:00,360 mind. America is adapting to the shape 631 00:42:00,480 --> 00:42:05,200 of things to come. Triumph TR7 with 5 speed 632 00:42:05,200 --> 00:42:07,280 transmission or optional automatic. 633 00:42:08,170 --> 00:42:11,690 Wide steel belted radials. Front disc brakes, front end, 634 00:42:11,690 --> 00:42:14,290 spoiler rack and pinion steering. 635 00:42:15,290 --> 00:42:18,410 Triumph TR7. No other sports car looks like 636 00:42:18,410 --> 00:42:20,490 it. No other sports car drives like 637 00:42:20,490 --> 00:42:23,650 it. Triumph TR7 the shape. 638 00:42:23,650 --> 00:42:29,090 Hey, don't worry, they just got lucky. 639 00:42:29,250 --> 00:42:31,130 I'm sorry I let us down. Forget it. 640 00:42:31,170 --> 00:42:33,330 We'll beat them next week. No, I really let us down. 641 00:42:33,650 --> 00:42:35,890 Come on, how about a make a lobe, Light make a lobe makes a 642 00:42:35,890 --> 00:42:36,810 life here. Sure. 643 00:42:37,750 --> 00:42:42,070 Good taste of Michelob Light. Don't just compare it to other 644 00:42:42,070 --> 00:42:44,870 light beers, compare it to your regular beer. 645 00:42:45,270 --> 00:42:47,470 It's that good. And this Michelob light is 646 00:42:47,470 --> 00:42:49,190 great. Hey, you know what our real 647 00:42:49,190 --> 00:42:51,630 problem was today? You were terrible. 648 00:42:51,990 --> 00:42:58,830 Good days runs in the family. The many roles I play call the 649 00:42:58,830 --> 00:43:03,590 many hairstyles, so I use hot curlers, blow dryers, things 650 00:43:03,590 --> 00:43:06,520 that can be brutal to hair. I switched from one conditioner 651 00:43:06,520 --> 00:43:10,640 to another, looking for help. Then came Alberto VO5 hot oil 652 00:43:10,640 --> 00:43:12,640 treatment. It works just like a salon hot 653 00:43:12,640 --> 00:43:14,440 oil treatment, but takes less time and money. 654 00:43:14,600 --> 00:43:16,760 I just heat a tube, smooth it in and shampoo. 655 00:43:17,000 --> 00:43:21,000 My hair's left silky, shiny, more manageable than I ever 656 00:43:21,000 --> 00:43:24,040 dreamed. Alberto VO5 hot oil treatment. 657 00:43:24,200 --> 00:43:28,900 I'll never switch again. Thursday, I could move a few my 658 00:43:28,900 --> 00:43:31,540 things over this morning. There's a scandal in the 12th 659 00:43:31,540 --> 00:43:36,260 when Wojo gets a roommate hi in a Barney Miller special prisoner 660 00:43:36,260 --> 00:43:38,860 on my biological urges. Sorry to hear that. 661 00:43:39,180 --> 00:43:42,180 Then authorities say this Texas motorcycle gang murdered a 662 00:43:42,300 --> 00:43:44,340 federal judge. People are always scared of 663 00:43:44,340 --> 00:43:46,700 something they don't understand and they don't understand us, so 664 00:43:46,700 --> 00:43:48,380 they're. Scared Geraldo Rivera 665 00:43:48,380 --> 00:43:53,340 investigates Dope, Death and the Bandidos on 2020 Thursday, 666 00:43:53,340 --> 00:43:56,700 starting at 98 Central and Mountain on a BC. 667 00:43:59,180 --> 00:44:02,260 It was the Cold War, and especially the trial of Joseph 668 00:44:02,260 --> 00:44:05,620 Cardinal Minsenti, who was forced to testify in a Hungarian 669 00:44:05,620 --> 00:44:09,340 court that he was a spy, and then later the Korean War with 670 00:44:09,340 --> 00:44:11,860 the coerced and mainly fraudulent confessions of 671 00:44:11,860 --> 00:44:16,980 American servicemen that would spark intense interest in 672 00:44:16,980 --> 00:44:21,620 intelligence circles about brainwashing, the CIA secretly 673 00:44:21,620 --> 00:44:24,180 commissioned a study of communist brainwashing methods 674 00:44:24,180 --> 00:44:26,380 at the Cornell University Medical Center. 675 00:44:27,060 --> 00:44:29,380 A leader of that study was Doctor Lawrence Hinkle. 676 00:44:30,020 --> 00:44:33,060 He explains first the Russian method of controlling and 677 00:44:33,060 --> 00:44:35,940 breaking a person. Absolutely isolated from 678 00:44:35,940 --> 00:44:38,900 everyone else, with one man whose job it is to get you to 679 00:44:38,900 --> 00:44:41,220 write. The extent to which you are a 680 00:44:41,220 --> 00:44:45,820 criminal in this setting, you can get people to do most 681 00:44:45,820 --> 00:44:48,620 anything, do you see? Because you don't have to lay a 682 00:44:48,620 --> 00:44:51,090 hand on them. And by the time you get through 683 00:44:51,090 --> 00:44:53,370 and you go up before the judge, the fellow says, Were you a spy? 684 00:44:53,370 --> 00:44:58,370 He says yes, I was a spy. The the the Chinese never really 685 00:44:58,370 --> 00:45:00,250 had this kind of a state police system. 686 00:45:00,730 --> 00:45:03,650 They were getting me in. And all this fellow does is ask 687 00:45:03,650 --> 00:45:06,530 you write, rewrite, rewrite and talk to him about your whole 688 00:45:06,530 --> 00:45:08,530 life. Graduated from pilot training in 689 00:45:08,530 --> 00:45:11,220 1949. While the purpose of the study 690 00:45:11,220 --> 00:45:14,660 was to find out about communist brainwashing techniques, CIA 691 00:45:14,700 --> 00:45:17,740 documents show that the agency was interested in developing 692 00:45:17,740 --> 00:45:21,860 mind control methods of its own to precondition and control 693 00:45:21,860 --> 00:45:24,900 Chinese living in this country to be sent back to their 694 00:45:24,900 --> 00:45:28,340 homeland as CIA agents. What do you think they were 695 00:45:28,340 --> 00:45:30,800 looking for? Well, I think they no, they 696 00:45:30,800 --> 00:45:33,040 weren't looking for, they weren't looking for agents or 697 00:45:33,040 --> 00:45:35,480 anything like that. Yet the agency's perception of 698 00:45:35,480 --> 00:45:39,760 the work you were doing In CIA documents we have examined, it 699 00:45:39,760 --> 00:45:44,600 says that the the project that was being done here, they 700 00:45:44,600 --> 00:45:47,320 intended to use everything learned about the new agents to 701 00:45:47,320 --> 00:45:51,180 induce them to quote, to perform acts of a complex, purposeful 702 00:45:51,180 --> 00:45:52,900 nature. Yeah, but that was the effects 703 00:45:52,900 --> 00:45:55,940 of which may be out of keeping with the individuals sort. 704 00:45:55,980 --> 00:45:59,620 Of thing was never done. Those people were not that that 705 00:45:59,620 --> 00:46:02,620 was when they first came here. The first people they sent up to 706 00:46:02,620 --> 00:46:07,660 see us do you see were were operational type people from the 707 00:46:07,700 --> 00:46:11,820 CI with some other other wild ideas, OK, this is their 708 00:46:11,820 --> 00:46:14,580 perception of it if if I could. Just get their perception of it 709 00:46:14,580 --> 00:46:16,930 either. Now I was dangerous to his being 710 00:46:16,930 --> 00:46:20,370 contrary to any previous consciously expressed intentions 711 00:46:20,370 --> 00:46:22,130 and interests. Contrary to the good of the 712 00:46:22,130 --> 00:46:24,890 individual and subversive to the goals for which he is. 713 00:46:24,970 --> 00:46:26,730 Consciously working and all this talk. 714 00:46:27,210 --> 00:46:30,490 But the situation was you see those things were never done 715 00:46:30,490 --> 00:46:36,530 because of wise people on both sides we not able to do this and 716 00:46:36,530 --> 00:46:38,970 are interested in it. They were, though. 717 00:46:39,750 --> 00:46:42,470 Some of the low level people were but the high level people 718 00:46:42,470 --> 00:46:45,030 were not. Tell you the truth, but 719 00:46:45,030 --> 00:46:48,590 documents clearly show that the CIA was attempting to develop 720 00:46:48,590 --> 00:46:52,750 agents over whom they had as much control as possible, agents 721 00:46:52,750 --> 00:46:55,990 who would perform tasks contrary to their own good. 722 00:46:56,830 --> 00:47:00,590 Normally conditioned American has been trained to kill and 723 00:47:01,190 --> 00:47:03,150 then to have no memory of having killed. 724 00:47:03,710 --> 00:47:07,790 His brain is not only being washed as they say it has been 725 00:47:07,790 --> 00:47:15,030 dry Clean is a Manchurian candidate controlled by others 726 00:47:15,030 --> 00:47:17,350 to do things against his will possible? 727 00:47:17,670 --> 00:47:22,950 It was a remarkable film because as far as I'm concerned it made 728 00:47:23,110 --> 00:47:28,230 something totally impossible seem absolutely credible. 729 00:47:28,790 --> 00:47:31,070 I would say the answer is yes, but there are many 730 00:47:31,070 --> 00:47:34,150 qualifications to that. Doctor Milton Klein, a 731 00:47:34,150 --> 00:47:37,590 psychologist, A clinical and experimental hypnotist, and 732 00:47:37,590 --> 00:47:39,510 unpaid consultant to the CIA, the. 733 00:47:40,070 --> 00:47:44,470 Qualifications would be the subject selected to produce the 734 00:47:44,470 --> 00:47:48,830 kind of behavior that you wish, the amount of time, the 735 00:47:48,870 --> 00:47:52,150 procedures that are utilized, and the motivations of the 736 00:47:52,150 --> 00:47:56,630 people who are designing, executing, and administering the 737 00:47:56,630 --> 00:47:58,750 procedures. You're asking whether an 738 00:47:58,750 --> 00:48:01,790 individual. Can be under hypnosis, 739 00:48:01,790 --> 00:48:08,070 influenced, coerced, persuaded, shaped to perform an antisocial 740 00:48:08,070 --> 00:48:11,710 act, or a destructive act or an act of violence. 741 00:48:12,310 --> 00:48:16,470 My answer would be yes, Captain Marco, you'll be good enough to 742 00:48:16,470 --> 00:48:18,190 lend Raymond your pistol, please. 743 00:48:19,030 --> 00:48:26,390 Yes, ma'am. Thanks, Ben. 744 00:48:26,870 --> 00:48:33,050 Sure can. Shoot Bobby Raymond through the 745 00:48:33,090 --> 00:48:35,610 forehead. Yes, ma'am. 746 00:48:45,200 --> 00:48:48,320 How valuable a tool can hypnosis be in the intelligence field? 747 00:48:48,760 --> 00:48:51,400 None whatsoever. That has absolutely no use 748 00:48:51,400 --> 00:48:54,680 because nobody's ever been able to do that, That I know of do it 749 00:48:54,680 --> 00:48:57,000 in an operationally feasible way. 750 00:48:57,320 --> 00:49:01,720 I'm not in any way saying that hypnosis doesn't take place. 751 00:49:01,720 --> 00:49:03,280 I'm not saying there's nothing to it. 752 00:49:03,670 --> 00:49:06,550 I would say that most government agencies concerned with 753 00:49:06,550 --> 00:49:10,910 intelligence operations have been looking to hypnosis as a 754 00:49:10,910 --> 00:49:16,150 tool for a variety of purposes, one of which is to carry out and 755 00:49:16,150 --> 00:49:21,310 to execute certain intelligence operations on a basis where they 756 00:49:21,310 --> 00:49:24,550 would not have to rely completely on some of their own 757 00:49:24,550 --> 00:49:27,670 emotional reactions. Actually, they're until murder. 758 00:49:29,410 --> 00:49:34,210 It could, if you consider that an act of killing someone under 759 00:49:34,210 --> 00:49:39,570 circumstances of war is murder. I think one has to define what 760 00:49:39,570 --> 00:49:41,730 that means under circumstances of peace. 761 00:49:41,890 --> 00:49:43,890 Under circumstances of peace, it would be murder. 762 00:49:44,650 --> 00:49:48,290 Another former CIA agent says that Fidel Castro at one time 763 00:49:48,290 --> 00:49:51,250 was considered as a possible target for a Manchurian 764 00:49:51,250 --> 00:49:53,770 candidate. Castro was naturally our 765 00:49:53,770 --> 00:49:56,930 discussion point. Could you get somebody gung ho 766 00:49:56,930 --> 00:49:58,770 enough that they would go in and get him? 767 00:50:00,090 --> 00:50:04,570 But if you have 100% control of a guy, you have 100% dependency. 768 00:50:05,330 --> 00:50:08,730 If something happens and you haven't programmed it in, you've 769 00:50:08,730 --> 00:50:11,770 got a problem. So in the end it was decided 770 00:50:11,770 --> 00:50:15,250 that a Manchurian candidate was not feasible, but the search for 771 00:50:15,250 --> 00:50:18,130 mind control continued. But could the mind be 772 00:50:18,130 --> 00:50:19,890 controlled? Perhaps not. 773 00:50:20,770 --> 00:50:22,570 But is human behavior predictable? 774 00:50:23,530 --> 00:50:27,130 In this area, the CIA did make a significant breakthrough, a 775 00:50:27,130 --> 00:50:30,170 personality assessment system designed by the agency's chief 776 00:50:30,170 --> 00:50:33,810 psychologist, John Gettinger. It comes close to being able to 777 00:50:33,810 --> 00:50:38,130 predict how humans will behave. It's really a descriptive 778 00:50:38,130 --> 00:50:41,650 system, attempt to try to describe personality in a 779 00:50:41,650 --> 00:50:46,850 relatively systematic way so that hopefully you can get some 780 00:50:46,850 --> 00:50:51,570 kind of an idea to predict what the behavior between different 781 00:50:51,570 --> 00:50:54,770 kinds of individuals. Getting your system had many 782 00:50:54,770 --> 00:50:58,370 uses in intelligence work. One was to draw personality 783 00:50:58,370 --> 00:51:02,610 portraits of world leaders using getting your system, the agency 784 00:51:02,610 --> 00:51:05,410 concluded. The Shah of Iran is a brilliant 785 00:51:05,450 --> 00:51:09,650 but dangerous megalomaniac whose basic problems resulted from an 786 00:51:09,650 --> 00:51:12,530 overbearing father. And there were other 787 00:51:12,530 --> 00:51:14,970 applications. Your assessment staff played a 788 00:51:14,970 --> 00:51:17,570 key role in helping other governments pick their police 789 00:51:17,570 --> 00:51:20,370 intelligence agencies, including, we've learned, the 790 00:51:20,370 --> 00:51:22,770 Korean CIA, Uruguayan National Police. 791 00:51:23,460 --> 00:51:26,100 Can you tell us about this? No. 792 00:51:27,580 --> 00:51:32,660 Author John Marks, the former #2CIA man in Uruguay, told me 793 00:51:32,780 --> 00:51:36,980 how in 1966, John Giddinger and an assistant traveled down to 794 00:51:36,980 --> 00:51:41,980 Uruguay and gave the test in order to select members of the 795 00:51:41,980 --> 00:51:47,060 Uruguayan intelligence service. A psychologist who used to work 796 00:51:47,060 --> 00:51:51,320 for the CIA, he told me in 1961 he personally traveled to South 797 00:51:51,320 --> 00:51:54,800 Korea as part of an American CIA effort. 798 00:51:54,960 --> 00:51:59,480 To set up the Korean CIA and to give the the personality test to 799 00:51:59,480 --> 00:52:03,360 candidates for the Korean CIA to choose the best man for their 800 00:52:03,360 --> 00:52:07,360 secret police. But one of the basic functions 801 00:52:07,360 --> 00:52:10,200 of getting your system was finding the vulnerabilities of 802 00:52:10,200 --> 00:52:13,440 an agent, a double agent or a potential agent. 803 00:52:13,600 --> 00:52:15,880 And it's applicability to intelligence work. 804 00:52:15,960 --> 00:52:19,590 Isn't the PAS system looking for persons soft spot? 805 00:52:21,790 --> 00:52:23,790 Well, of course the answer to that is yes. 806 00:52:23,790 --> 00:52:27,510 But I had, I hasten to say soft spot. 807 00:52:27,510 --> 00:52:29,950 This is what I consider a negative word. 808 00:52:31,350 --> 00:52:34,670 Of the hundreds of behavioral projects undertaken by the CIA, 809 00:52:35,030 --> 00:52:37,830 getting years appears to have been one of the more successful 810 00:52:37,950 --> 00:52:44,190 and more conventional. Other experiments were not as 811 00:52:44,190 --> 00:52:47,800 conventional. Neurophysicist Dr. Jose Delgado 812 00:52:47,800 --> 00:52:50,120 was financed by the Office of Naval Research. 813 00:52:51,760 --> 00:52:53,880 In this experiment, the bull is sedated. 814 00:52:55,960 --> 00:52:57,960 Electrodes are implanted in its brain. 815 00:52:58,720 --> 00:53:02,280 Delgado transmits an electronic impulse to the center of the 816 00:53:02,280 --> 00:53:08,880 bull's brain. Delgado has remote control of 817 00:53:08,880 --> 00:53:13,790 the animal. Recently released CIA documents 818 00:53:13,790 --> 00:53:17,550 refer to the feasibility of remote control of animals and 819 00:53:17,550 --> 00:53:20,430 that special investigations will be conducted toward the 820 00:53:20,470 --> 00:53:24,750 application of selected elements of these techniques to man. 821 00:53:28,510 --> 00:53:31,470 Other areas were examined through the 60s and 70s. 822 00:53:32,030 --> 00:53:35,750 Brain surgery, psychosurgery, Creation of amnesia, 823 00:53:36,070 --> 00:53:39,230 parapsychology, manipulation of genes. 824 00:53:40,690 --> 00:53:44,130 Even though past and present CIA officials have indicated this 825 00:53:44,130 --> 00:53:49,570 kind of work ended in 1963 and one of those who took part in 826 00:53:49,570 --> 00:53:53,410 these programs in 1977, the Senate subcommittee heard 827 00:53:53,410 --> 00:53:56,730 testimony from many of them, but the testimony was not that 828 00:53:56,730 --> 00:53:59,330 revealing. According to one of them, they 829 00:53:59,330 --> 00:54:02,770 agreed amongst themselves to keep the inquiry within bounds 830 00:54:02,770 --> 00:54:04,290 that would satisfy the committee. 831 00:54:04,530 --> 00:54:08,210 Former narcotics officer Charles Siragusa says that he was asked 832 00:54:08,210 --> 00:54:11,790 to limit his testimony by the man he reported to at the CIA. 833 00:54:12,350 --> 00:54:14,630 He wanted me not to say anything to perjure yourself. 834 00:54:14,670 --> 00:54:17,910 That's right. Well, either that I'd have to 835 00:54:17,910 --> 00:54:21,310 pressure myself or take the 5th amendment and I'm not about to 836 00:54:21,310 --> 00:54:22,950 take the 5th amendment for anybody. 837 00:54:23,950 --> 00:54:27,310 Former CIA chemist Robert Lashbrook testified he had no 838 00:54:27,310 --> 00:54:30,510 first hand knowledge of the agency run safe houses when in 839 00:54:30,510 --> 00:54:33,950 fact he supervised one of them and according to George White's 840 00:54:33,950 --> 00:54:36,940 Diaries, was at a safe house when White conducted what he 841 00:54:36,940 --> 00:54:39,940 called an LSD surprise experiment. 842 00:54:40,700 --> 00:54:43,500 Doctor Sidney Gottlieb, whom we recently filmed near his 843 00:54:43,500 --> 00:54:48,100 California home, oversaw many of the CIA behavioral programs. 844 00:54:49,340 --> 00:54:53,260 He retired in 1973 and destroyed the records of this work. 845 00:54:55,100 --> 00:54:58,020 In sort of a valedictory letter, Doctor Gottlieb wrote that he 846 00:54:58,020 --> 00:55:01,460 and his colleagues had been able to maintain contact with the 847 00:55:01,460 --> 00:55:04,790 leading edge of developments in the field of biological and 848 00:55:04,790 --> 00:55:07,270 chemical control of human behavior. 849 00:55:08,630 --> 00:55:11,790 Doctor Gottlieb also testified before the Senate subcommittee, 850 00:55:12,390 --> 00:55:16,070 but from an ante room where he could not be filled because of 851 00:55:16,070 --> 00:55:20,070 what his lawyer termed health and cardiac problems, Doctor 852 00:55:20,070 --> 00:55:23,630 Gottlieb declined a BC News request for an interview. 853 00:55:26,750 --> 00:55:29,950 And what of George White, the man who helped the agency and so 854 00:55:29,950 --> 00:55:33,390 many of its programs? He would retire here to Stinson 855 00:55:33,390 --> 00:55:37,390 Beach, CA. And shortly before his death he 856 00:55:37,390 --> 00:55:40,590 wrote to his boss at the CIA, doctor Sidney Gottlieb, and 857 00:55:40,590 --> 00:55:44,350 summed up his career by saying it was fun, fun, fun. 858 00:55:44,710 --> 00:55:49,030 Where else could a red blooded American boy lie, kill and sheep 859 00:55:49,630 --> 00:55:54,070 steal, deceive, rape and pillage with a sanction and blessing of 860 00:55:54,070 --> 00:55:58,690 the all highest? Has mind control been achieved? 861 00:55:59,210 --> 00:56:02,610 From all of the available evidence it appears doubtful the 862 00:56:02,610 --> 00:56:05,050 human will has prevailed up to this point. 863 00:56:05,810 --> 00:56:09,450 But as we have seen, work is continuing in this field, work 864 00:56:09,450 --> 00:56:11,450 that we still don't know very much about. 865 00:56:12,170 --> 00:56:15,210 How deeply are the Russians and other dictatorships into all of 866 00:56:15,210 --> 00:56:18,330 this? We really can't say, and the CIA 867 00:56:18,330 --> 00:56:20,690 is reluctant to give out information about it. 868 00:56:21,570 --> 00:56:24,970 But the basic question remains, what place does all of this have 869 00:56:24,970 --> 00:56:28,610 within a democracy? One final point should be made. 870 00:56:29,170 --> 00:56:32,690 As one of the persons who worked on these programs told us, we 871 00:56:32,690 --> 00:56:35,970 are very capable, conscientious and very dedicated scientist 872 00:56:36,130 --> 00:56:40,210 working for our country. Their work speaks for itself. 873 00:56:41,530 --> 00:56:43,930 This is Paul Altmeyer for a BC News. 874 00:56:44,570 --> 00:56:48,330 Good night. Here's a great idea. 875 00:56:48,370 --> 00:56:49,650 Potato peeler? Nope. 876 00:56:49,970 --> 00:56:52,530 Hair curler. It's Vanish Bowl Freshener 877 00:56:52,930 --> 00:56:56,020 freshness. To snap, snap it under the rim 878 00:56:56,020 --> 00:56:58,940 and it freshens two ways. It's always there to freshen. 879 00:56:59,060 --> 00:57:02,500 Then, when water hits it, extra deodorizer and detergents are 880 00:57:02,500 --> 00:57:05,500 released, working best when and where you need it. 881 00:57:05,940 --> 00:57:09,700 When the bowl's fresh, the bathroom's fresher, snappy idea 882 00:57:10,020 --> 00:57:11,460 vanish. Bulb freshener? 883 00:57:12,220 --> 00:57:18,940 Vanish For a cleaner bowl and a fresher bathroom, what do 884 00:57:18,940 --> 00:57:20,820 doctors recommend for pain today? 885 00:57:21,180 --> 00:57:23,620 This report shows doctors number one choice. 886 00:57:23,900 --> 00:57:28,060 Is the pain reliever in anison. 5 million recommendations last 887 00:57:28,060 --> 00:57:32,500 year for pain of headache, backache, minor arthritis and 888 00:57:32,500 --> 00:57:35,300 muscle ache. The ingredient in anison is the 889 00:57:35,300 --> 00:57:39,060 doctor's number one choice. Anison is strong, a special 890 00:57:39,060 --> 00:57:41,660 combination of medical ingredients free of stomach, 891 00:57:41,660 --> 00:57:45,180 upset for millions everywhere. The ingredient in anison? 892 00:57:45,180 --> 00:58:02,700 Doctor's number one choice. Stay tuned for local news next, 893 00:58:03,180 --> 00:58:06,620 then, live from the Johnson Space Center in Houston, ABC 894 00:58:06,620 --> 00:58:10,660 News will track the approach of Skylab as it nears reentry. 895 00:58:10,940 --> 00:58:15,820 Skylab the final hours right after Twiggy and Dirk Benedict 896 00:58:15,820 --> 00:58:22,670 of Battlestar Galactica star. Her dead on the Tuesday movie of 897 00:58:22,670 --> 00:58:35,230 The Week Tonight on ABC. This has been a presentation of 898 00:58:35,230 --> 00:58:58,020 ABC News. A BC Skylab nears its final 899 00:58:58,020 --> 00:59:00,900 orbit and arrest in the kidnapping of that newborn baby, 900 00:59:00,940 --> 00:59:05,420 A rock star sentenced for income tax evasion and a local gymnast 901 00:59:05,420 --> 00:59:07,900 talks about her winning performance in San Juan. 902 00:59:07,900 --> 00:59:09,980 News 7 is next. We were concerned about our 903 00:59:09,980 --> 00:59:13,100 monthly electric bills, so we called Pepco for help. 904 00:59:13,460 --> 00:59:15,460 They sent us this energy wise home audit. 905 00:59:15,740 --> 00:59:17,860 Just take a few simple measurements and answer the 906 00:59:17,860 --> 00:59:20,360 questions. Then mail them back to Pepco. 907 00:59:20,680 --> 00:59:24,480 Then Pepco will, free of charge, analyze your home's energy use 908 00:59:24,640 --> 00:59:27,320 and send you back a list of recommended changes to help you 909 00:59:27,320 --> 00:59:31,480 save money on your bills right today for Pepco's Energy Wise 910 00:59:31,480 --> 00:59:32,680 Home Audit to help.