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Hi everyone. 
Welcome back to the Daily 

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gospel. 
Exegesis podcast. 

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Thank you so much for your 
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I know many of you have 
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its really giving you a passion 
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show notes which is logical 
Bible study at gmail.com. 

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I would love to hear from you. 
Today, we're looking at a really

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interesting encounter Here with 
Jesus and the Jewish leaders. 

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Mark chapter 12, verses 18 to 
27. 

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Some Sadducees who deny that 
there is a resurrection came to 

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him and they put this question 
to him Master. 

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We have it from Moses in 
writing, if a man's brother 

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dies, leaving a wife but no 
child. 

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The man must marry the Widow to 
raise up children for his 

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brother. 
Now, there were seven brothers, 

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the first married, a wife. 
And then died leaving. 

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No children. 
The second married, the Widow. 

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And he too died. 
Leaving. 

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No children. 
With the third, it was the same 

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and none of the seven left any 
children. 

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Last of all the woman died, now 
at the resurrection, when they 

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Rise Again, whose wife will, she
be since she had been married to

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all seven. 
Jesus said to them, is not the 

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reason why you go wrong that you
understand, neither the 

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scriptures nor the power of God 
For when they rise from the dead

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men and women do not marry know.
They are like the angels in 

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heaven. 
Now about the Dead Rising again.

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Have you never read in the book 
of Moses in the passage, about 

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the Bush, how God spoke to him, 
and said, I am the god of 

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Abraham, the god of Isaac, and 
the god of Jacob, he is, God not

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of the dead, but of the living, 
you are very much mistaken. 

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So a really interesting passage 
and this is one of those ones 

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where we really get a lot from 
digging into the phrases. 

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And there's some things going on
here that Jesus is trying to get

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across that we might miss. 
So, let's have a go at doing an 

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exegesis of this passage. 
What's the context? 

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So Jesus has entered Jerusalem 
on Palm Sunday, this is already 

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happened in. 
Mark, he's cursed the Fig Tree 

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and his cleanse, the temple, and
he's been teaching in the temple

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up to a now. 
He's been questioned by the 

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herodians and The Pharisees. 
We saw that in the previous 

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passage. 
Now, we see a different group of

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Jewish leaders who come and try 
to trap him. 

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And these are the Sadducees, 
they don't appear a whole lot in

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the gospels, but they were quite
a prominent group in the time of

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Jesus. 
Basically, the Sadducees were 

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wealthy priests who are like the
upper class of Jewish Society, 

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not all of them were priests, 
but certainly all of them were 

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closely associated with the 
temple. 

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They'll quite a powerful party 
and And quite an elite party 

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within Judaism, so they had a 
lot of influence. 

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Also, part of the Sadducees, was
the relatives and the friends of

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the Sadducees, and all the 
wealthy aristocracy of 

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Jerusalem, tended, to support 
the Sadducees as well. 

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So, it's sort of like the Jewish
leaders who were supported by 

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the upper class of society. 
Now, the Sadducees cooperated 

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with the Romans and they 
facilitated good relationships 

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with them. 
We started They promoted 

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tolerance in particular as a 
result. 

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They had a lot less popular 
appeal than the Pharisees 

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because most popular people did 
not want to cooperate with the 

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Romans, but the wealthy Jews did
support them. 

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So, that's a bit of background 
on the Sadducees. 

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But most important is not their 
political views, but their 

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theological views, and Mark 
actually tells them a key part 

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of that here. 
He says, the Sadducees deny. 

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There is a resurrection So 
thinking here about the teaching

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that there will be a 
resurrection of the body on the 

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last day of The Last Judgement, 
the Sadducees did not believe 

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that. 
The Pharisees did believe that 

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with the Sadducees don't. 
So the Sadducees often consider 

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to be like the Liberals of the 
day, perhaps the ones who 

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struggle with Supernatural 
ideas. 

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They only accepted the first 
five books of Moses, Moses. 

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And therefore, since nowhere in 
the first five books of Moses, 

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is it clear that there is going 
to be a resurrection of the 

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Dead? 
They didn't believe that there 

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will be a resurrection. 
Of the Dead, unlike most of the 

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other Jews at the time of Jesus.
So, they believed that when the 

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salt, when the body dies, the 
soul parishes along with it. 

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So, some Scholars have 
characterized the Sadducees as 

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conservative in this sense that 
they are not willing to embrace 

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any new ideas, but they're also 
kind of progressives in this 

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sense that they really don't 
like Supernatural teachings. 

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So, it's an interesting set of 
beliefs that they have By the 

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way, this is one of the 
arguments that's worth talking 

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about in relation to how many 
books should be in the Bible in 

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the Old Testament in particular,
because you probably know that 

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Catholics have more books in 
their Old Testament than other 

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questions do. 
And often one of the arguments 

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for why the Protestant Bible is 
correct is that Protestants 

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might say it's in the time of 
Jesus there was a closed Canon, 

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everyone knew which books 
belonged in the Old Testament. 

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Well here, if we look Look, even
just at the Sadducees, it's 

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pretty clear that the Jews did 
not agree, which books should be

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in the Old Testament, the 
Pharisees and the Sadducees 

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disagreed. 
So that's not a particularly 

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good argument to make. 
It was only later after the time

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of Jesus that the Jews sort of 
came up with a universal Cannon 

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and that was not the one that 
Christians accepted for 1500 

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years. 
So there's a whole lot of 

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interesting historical questions
about the way that the Canon was

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determined. 
It certainly was not agreed 

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upon. 
Amongst the Jews at the time of 

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Jesus. 
There were some disputes about 

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it. 
Anyway, let's get back to the 

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text. 
So they come to Jesus and they 

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put this question to him. 
So the Sadducees a bringing a 

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trap question to Jesus, similar 
to the question, his just 

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answered about paying taxes to 
Caesar. 

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And they say this master, we 
have it from Moses in writing, 

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if a man's brother dies, leaving
a wife, but no child, the man 

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must marry the Widow to raise up
children for his brother. 

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Now, this was a real Jewish law.
It's called the lever right law.

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This is in Deuteronomy chapter 
25, verse 5. 

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And it does say that if a man 
dies without having children, 

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then his brother must take his 
wife and have children on his 

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dead brother's behalf. 
So, this is a real Jewish law 

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that president. 
Renting a real law here to 

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Jesus. 
They haven't made one up and 

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keep in mind since this is in 
Deuteronomy. 

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That's one of the first five 
books of the Sadducees do accept

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this teaching, but they're now 
going to come up with a 

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fictional scenario that they 
think shows that doesn't work 

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with the lever right law 
basically and therefore they're 

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going to try and argue that the 
resurrection doesn't make sense 

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because this situation would be 
absurd if the resurrection was 

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true. 
So, then I go on to describe 

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this hypothetical scenario, 
which is deliberately designed 

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to trap Jesus, and they think 
they're pretty clever. 

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They think the scenario they 
describe can't possibly make 

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sense if there really is a 
resurrection from the dead. 

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So they think they've given 
Jesus a good case here, that's 

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going to trap him. 
So this is the case that they 

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say. 
Now, there were seven brothers, 

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the first married, a wife and 
then died. 

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Having no children. 
The second married, the Widow 

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and he too died, having no 
children. 

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When the third came, it was the 
same and none of the Seven 

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Brothers, left any children. 
Last of all the woman herself 

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died. 
Now at the resurrection, when 

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they Rise Again, whose wife 
will, she be? 

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Since she had been married to 
all seven, see see how the 

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argument is supposed to go 
according to the levirate law. 

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If this situation happened, then
yes, the woman would have to be 

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married seven times, but 
according to the resurrection 

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that would mean that she has 
seven husbands and, and so the 

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Sadducees That just doesn't make
sense. 

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Now, interestingly the scenario 
that I described here is quite 

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similar to a real story from the
Old Testament that's in Tobit 

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3:8. 
Wear something like this does 

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happen. 
There's a woman who keeps being 

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married to different Brothers 
but the brothers keep dying on 

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the wedding night until she's 
gone through seven different 

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brothers. 
So that's interesting but we 

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can't read too much into that 
because the Sadducees did not 

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accept that tobert was one of 
the books of the Old Testament. 

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So Jesus replies to them. 
This way. 

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Verse 24 is not the reason why 
you go wrong. 

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So notice upfront, Jesus says 
that they are quite wrong, about

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the Resurrection being 
impossible. 

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He says the reason you go wrong 
is that you neither understand 

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the scriptures nor the power of 
God. 

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Now that's some quite a insult 
to these influential Jewish 

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leaders. 
They don't understand the 

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scriptures or the power of God 
According To Jesus. 

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So Jesus, he is says that not 
only did the scriptures, make it

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clear that there will be a 
resurrection. 

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So it's in the scripture he 
says, on top of that, if they 

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really believed in God, well 
then of course, he could raise 

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people from the dead. 
So apparently they have problems

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with both the scripture and the 
belief that God can do anything.

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Now, he's going to address each 
of these two points in reverse 

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order. 
So he's going to first address 

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the issue of God, raising people
from the dead and then he's 

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going to go back and revisit the
issue they have. 

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With the scriptures. 
So in other words, his first 

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going to address the marriage 
issue and then secondly he's 

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going to make a more fundamental
point which is that the 

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Sadducees should really accept 
the resurrection. 

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Because it's actually in the 
first five books of Moses 

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itself, which they do except. 
So he starts his defense here in

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verse 25 for when people rise 
from the dead men and women do 

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not marry. 
So, apparently the Sadducees had

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this idea that at the 
Resurrection, when people rise 

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from the dead, it was going to 
be basically a continuation of 

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the current state of affairs on 
Earth. 

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So like a mere resuscitation of 
corpses perhaps Jesus here. 

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First tells them, that's not 
what the resurrection is going 

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to be like, it's a fundamentally
different kind of existence men 

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and women will not marry. 
So that firstly that undercuts 

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their whole scenario about 
marriage. 

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He says, that's not even going 
to happen in the resurrection. 

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Now the lectionary reading we 
have here, actually takes out a 

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phrase in the original. 
If you read Mark chapter 12 in 

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most Bibles here, is what it 
says, men and women do not marry

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nor are given in marriage. 
So there's actually an 

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additional phrase there about 
being given in marriage and in 

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that culture, basically that 
referred to sort of the way that

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men and women did things. 
So men married, whereas women 

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were given in marriage. 
That's sort of how it worked 

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since Jesus uses both phrases. 
He says people are neither. 

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He says, men and women do not 
marry nor are given in marriage.

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A lot of Scholars would say the 
fact that he deliberately goes 

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out of his way to say, both 
implies that, there still will 

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be men and women in a sense in 
the resurrection. 

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People will retain their 
biological sex and that's 

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important to keep in mind. 
This is a teaching that a lot of

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married. 
People have struggled with men 

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and women will not marry in the 
resurrection. 

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And by extension, that probably 
means that people who were 

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married will no longer be 
married. 

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And that's, you know, a 
difficult teaching we need to 

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keep in mind, firstly, that this
comes directly from Jesus. 

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This isn't something the church 
has made up later Jesus here. 

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Teachers that marriage won't be 
a thing in heaven between 

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humans. 
Why, what would be the reason 

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why God wouldn't want people to 
be married? 

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Heaven. 
If you think about it, marriage 

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in this life is a sign for the 
love of God. 

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It's a symbol of the even 
greater love of God, and God has

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given us. 
This gift of marriage on Earth 

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as a symbol of the love. 
He has for us, but in heaven, in

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the next life when we're United 
to God, we will have the real 

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thing. 
So there's not going to be a 

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need for models in the same way.
So those who make it to heaven 

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will be completely fulfilled by 
God and therefore, they won't be

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a need for marriage. 
And this is kind of similar to 

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something. 
Pull says, later on in the New 

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Testament, about a lot of the 
Old Testament with shadows, cast

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by Jesus. 
And now that Jesus, the true 

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light has come then our 
attention should be focused on 

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Jesus, and not those Shadows. 
Well, a similar thing can be 

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said about Earthly, marriage, 
Earthly, marriage is a good 

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thing. 
It's a shadow of an even better 

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thing, but when we get access to
the even better thing, it would 

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be foolish to cling onto the 
mere Shadows. 

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So it's a similar kind of 
argument. 

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Jesus. 
Now gives his reason for why 

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there won't be marriage in 
heaven. 

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In the resurrection he says 
because they will be like the 

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angels in heaven. 
Now in marks version that's all 

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he says he doesn't explain that 
comment any further. 

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What does he mean? 
About angels being like them? 

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So therefore, a lot of people 
have looked at this and have 

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tried to interpret. 
What Jesus means, hear about 

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angels, they've said, perhaps 
the reason people will be like 

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angels in heaven in. 
A Shinto marriage. 

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Is that Angels don't have sexual
desires. 

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So therefore humans being like 
Angels won't have sexual desires

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either other another 
interpretation you might hear is

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that what Jesus means here is 
that people will literally be 

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angels as in in the 
resurrection, people become 

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Angels. 
Now either of those 

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interpretations would be okay if
we didn't have any more 

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information but if you look at 
the version of this passage in 

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Luke, Luke actually gives us 
more words that Jesus Says here,

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Luke's version of this statement
is more complete and in Luke's 

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version. 
Jesus does give the reason as to

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why humans will be like angels 
in Luke's version. 

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It says, people will be like 
Angels because they can no 

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longer die. 
That's the similarity between 

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humans in the resurrection and 
angels. 

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So, since humans will no longer 
die in the resurrection, they're

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no longer going to need to have 
children to repopulate the 

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Earth. 
And therefore, there's no need 

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to get married with. 
So you can see how that's the 

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basic argument. 
Jesus wants to make about why 

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humans are going to be similar 
to Angels. 

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Now what's interesting about 
this Jesus bringing up Angels is

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the Sadducees did not believe in
angels. 

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They thought the first five 
books of Moses doesn't teach 

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that clearly enough so they 
didn't believe in angels. 

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So Jesus is really digging in 
here by bringing up angels and 

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throwing it in their face verse 
26. 

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Jesus now moves on to the second
reason which remember was about 

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the scriptures. 
He says this now about the Dead 

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Rising again. 
So he's going to address their 

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lack of belief, in the 
resurrection as taught by the 

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first five books of Moses. 
He says, have you never read it 

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in the book of Moses in the 
passage, about the Bush, how God

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spoke to him, and said, I am the
god of Abraham, the god of Isaac

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and the god of Jacob. 
Now, that's a quote from Exodus 

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chapter 3 verse 6 of The Burning
Bush. 

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God says those things to Moses 
and obviously the Sadducees did 

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accept that because was The 
Exodus is part of the first five

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books verse 27. 
Jesus says he is God not of the 

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dead but of the living So that's
the argument he makes and it's 

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an interesting one, it's 
probably not the argument that 

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we would make, we might think. 
But let's think about why Jesus 

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said it this way in the burning 
bush episode. 

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God says to Moses, I am the god 
of Abraham, the god of Jacob. 

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And the god of Isaac notice, 
that God doesn't say. 

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I was the god of those people. 
He says, I am But even but by 

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then, by the time of Moses, 
Abraham, Jacob and Isaac will 

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well and truly dead and yet 
still God says I am their God. 

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For, for God to be the god of 
someone, he has to be in a 

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00:16:43,608 --> 00:16:47,900
relationship with him. 
So from this Jesus argues that 

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at the time, Moses received the 
vision of the burning bush. 

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00:16:51,300 --> 00:16:54,300
It must mean that Abraham, 
Isaac, and Jacob, and therefore 

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00:16:54,300 --> 00:16:58,500
all men are still alive in God's
sight, in some sense. 

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00:16:58,700 --> 00:17:01,700
So, Jesus is teaching them. 
People do not stop, existing 

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after death. 
That's all they're burning. 

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Bush passage teaches us is that 
God is still in relationship 

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with those patriarchy. 
So they haven't stopped existing

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00:17:10,800 --> 00:17:13,300
and therefore the main point 
Jesus makes is that the 

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resurrection is not at all 
impossible, people Souls do 

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continue after death. 
So that might not seem like the 

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00:17:20,099 --> 00:17:24,200
best Old Testament texts for 
Jesus to pick there because 

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00:17:24,200 --> 00:17:26,599
there are certainly clear 
passages in the Old Testament, 

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00:17:26,599 --> 00:17:29,700
the talk about the Resurrection,
The Book of Daniel it's quite 

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00:17:29,700 --> 00:17:32,600
clear that there's going to be a
resurrection of the end of time 

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00:17:32,600 --> 00:17:36,900
and the Book of Maccabees also 
has that in there but remember 

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Jesus knows the Sadducees won't 
accept. 

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00:17:39,300 --> 00:17:41,800
If he quotes from those books 
from Daniel and Maccabees 

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00:17:41,800 --> 00:17:43,800
because the Sadducees don't 
accept them. 

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00:17:44,200 --> 00:17:49,000
So Jesus options of passages 
that he can quote from a limited

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00:17:49,000 --> 00:17:52,300
to the first buy books. 
This is the example he picks and

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00:17:52,300 --> 00:17:55,500
it's a very clever one. 
He finishes by saying you are 

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00:17:55,500 --> 00:17:59,100
very much mistaken or was other 
translations, put it, you are 

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00:17:59,100 --> 00:18:03,500
quite wrong. 
Now that's where today's passage

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00:18:03,500 --> 00:18:06,800
ends Luke's version tells us 
that as soon as Jesus finishes 

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00:18:06,800 --> 00:18:10,800
telling this the Sadducees 
accept two feet and they did not

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00:18:10,800 --> 00:18:16,400
dare ask him any more questions.
So overall Jesus, he refutes the

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00:18:16,400 --> 00:18:21,000
Trap scenario that was created 
by the Sadducees and he teaches 

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00:18:21,000 --> 00:18:24,300
his hearers about the nature of 
the Resurrection in the process.

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00:18:26,000 --> 00:18:29,100
Now, in the coming versus will 
see, Jesus being questioned by 

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00:18:29,100 --> 00:18:30,900
other religious leaders in 
Jerusalem. 

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00:18:31,800 --> 00:18:33,700
An interesting passage, I hope 
you agree. 

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Let's finish by taking a look at
a couple of short paragraphs 

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00:18:37,700 --> 00:18:40,700
from the catechism, which 
discuss what we've heard today 

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00:18:41,000 --> 00:18:45,800
in Mark, chapter 12 paragraph. 
993 is about the progressive 

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00:18:45,800 --> 00:18:50,200
nature of the Resurrection. 
The Pharisees are many of the 

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00:18:50,200 --> 00:18:52,100
Lord's. 
Contemporaries hoped for the 

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00:18:52,100 --> 00:18:57,100
resurrection, Jesus teaches it 
firmly to the Sadducees, who 

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00:18:57,100 --> 00:19:00,200
deny the resurrection, he 
answers is not this. 

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00:19:00,200 --> 00:19:01,700
Why? 
You are wrong that you know 

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00:19:01,700 --> 00:19:05,700
neither the scriptures nor the 
power of God through faith in 

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00:19:05,700 --> 00:19:09,300
the resurrection rests, on faith
in God, who is not God of the 

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00:19:09,300 --> 00:19:13,100
dead, but of the living. 
So you can see that that passage

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00:19:13,100 --> 00:19:15,800
quotes directly from Mark 
chapter 12. 

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00:19:16,500 --> 00:19:19,500
And then paragraph 16 19. 
This is an interesting one. 

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00:19:19,700 --> 00:19:23,000
This is in the section about how
some people choose virginity, 

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00:19:23,400 --> 00:19:25,800
for the sake of the Kingdom. 
So, it's in the section about 

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00:19:25,800 --> 00:19:29,900
marriage virginity, for the sake
of the Kingdom of Heaven is an 

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00:19:29,900 --> 00:19:34,700
unfolding of baptismal Grace, a 
powerful sign of the supremacy 

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00:19:34,700 --> 00:19:38,700
of the bond with Christ and of 
the Ardent expectation of his 

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00:19:38,700 --> 00:19:42,300
return a sign, which also 
recalls that marriage is a 

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00:19:42,308 --> 00:19:46,000
reality of this present age, 
which is passing away. 

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00:19:47,500 --> 00:19:50,600
So here, the church agrees with 
what Jesus says about marriage. 

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00:19:50,600 --> 00:19:53,100
Being only a temporary thing in 
this life. 

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00:19:53,600 --> 00:19:57,500
And therefore, those who choose 
virginity in this life, do a 

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00:19:57,500 --> 00:20:00,500
good thing. 
Because in a sense in the next 

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00:20:00,500 --> 00:20:02,500
life, we'll all be virgins in a 
way. 

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So, an interesting application 
of that particular text. 

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00:20:07,600 --> 00:20:10,400
Thank you again for listening. 
I hope you learned something new

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00:20:10,700 --> 00:20:14,000
once again, can I ask you to 
please leave a rating on iTunes 

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00:20:14,000 --> 00:20:16,300
or wherever you're listening and
will continue? 

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00:20:16,400 --> 00:20:17,200
Gnu tomorrow.