1 00:00:11,100 --> 00:00:14,700 Hi everyone. Welcome back to the podcast. 2 00:00:14,800 --> 00:00:18,400 And today it's Easter Sunday. So happy Easter to all of you 3 00:00:18,400 --> 00:00:21,200 who are listening, this is the podcast where we look at the 4 00:00:21,200 --> 00:00:24,600 Gospel. Reading that is read at today's 5 00:00:24,600 --> 00:00:27,000 Catholic mass and we really dive into the text. 6 00:00:27,000 --> 00:00:30,300 What is the text trying to communicate to its original 7 00:00:30,300 --> 00:00:32,400 audience? So, we're doing an exegesis of 8 00:00:32,400 --> 00:00:34,900 it. And today for Easter Sunday, we 9 00:00:34,900 --> 00:00:39,800 are looking at John chapter 20, Verse 1 to 9. 10 00:00:41,000 --> 00:00:45,200 It was very early on the first day of the week and still dark 11 00:00:45,400 --> 00:00:47,900 when Mary of magdala came to the tomb. 12 00:00:48,600 --> 00:00:52,200 She saw that the stone had been moved away from the tomb and 13 00:00:52,200 --> 00:00:56,200 came running to Simon Peter and the other disciple, the one 14 00:00:56,200 --> 00:00:59,400 Jesus loved. They have taken the Lord out of 15 00:00:59,400 --> 00:01:01,900 the Tomb. She said and we don't know where 16 00:01:01,900 --> 00:01:05,900 they have put him. So Peter said out with the other 17 00:01:05,900 --> 00:01:10,700 disciple to go to the tomb, they ran together but the other 18 00:01:10,700 --> 00:01:14,800 disciple running running faster than Peter reached the tomb. 19 00:01:14,800 --> 00:01:20,300 First, he went down he bent down and saw the linen cloths lying 20 00:01:20,300 --> 00:01:26,400 on the ground but did not go in. Simon Peter, who was following 21 00:01:26,600 --> 00:01:29,600 now. Came up went right into the tomb 22 00:01:29,800 --> 00:01:32,000 saw. The linen cloths on the ground 23 00:01:32,400 --> 00:01:35,200 and also the cloth that had been over his head. 24 00:01:35,700 --> 00:01:39,000 This was not with a linen cloths, but rolled up in a place 25 00:01:39,000 --> 00:01:43,700 by itself, then the other disciple who had reached the 26 00:01:43,700 --> 00:01:48,000 tomb. First also went in he saw and he 27 00:01:48,000 --> 00:01:52,700 believed Till this moment, they had failed to understand the 28 00:01:52,700 --> 00:01:56,700 teaching of scripture that he must rise from the dead. 29 00:01:58,700 --> 00:02:02,000 So that's our passage for today. Now, let's have a go at doing an 30 00:02:02,000 --> 00:02:05,200 exegesis of the text. The first thing, you always want 31 00:02:05,200 --> 00:02:07,900 to ask yourself when you're doing an exegesis is, what's the 32 00:02:07,900 --> 00:02:09,699 context? What has happened? 33 00:02:09,699 --> 00:02:12,400 Just before this? Well, the main thing that's 34 00:02:12,400 --> 00:02:16,000 happened just before John chapter 20 is, Jesus has died on 35 00:02:16,000 --> 00:02:20,000 the cross in John chapter 19 and they have laid him in the Tomb. 36 00:02:21,000 --> 00:02:24,600 So now we get to verse 1 and it's the first day of the week, 37 00:02:24,800 --> 00:02:26,600 now, in Jewish Reckoning that Sunday. 38 00:02:26,600 --> 00:02:30,600 So, we're talking about Sunday, Day, two days after Jesus dies. 39 00:02:30,900 --> 00:02:33,800 So very early in the morning while it's still dark. 40 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:35,400 And if we have our dating, right? 41 00:02:35,400 --> 00:02:42,300 This would be Sunday, April 5th, 33 ad, and Mary of magdala is 42 00:02:42,300 --> 00:02:45,200 coming to the tomb. So, Mary of magdala, she appears 43 00:02:45,200 --> 00:02:48,900 in the gospels as one of Jesus, closest friends and followers 44 00:02:49,400 --> 00:02:51,100 and she was at the foot of the cross. 45 00:02:53,200 --> 00:02:56,700 So she comes to the tomb and we know from the gospel of Mark, if 46 00:02:56,700 --> 00:02:59,600 you compare this story with the version in the gospel of Mark 47 00:02:59,800 --> 00:03:02,500 that she's not alone here, she's with some other women. 48 00:03:02,500 --> 00:03:08,100 So Joanna, is there Mary Mary the wife of clopas and they've 49 00:03:08,100 --> 00:03:10,400 all come to anoint the body with spices. 50 00:03:10,400 --> 00:03:14,800 If you read, Mark 16 the start of that chapter, you'll see that 51 00:03:14,800 --> 00:03:16,800 there's a group of women that have come here early in the 52 00:03:16,800 --> 00:03:19,200 morning to anoint the body with spices. 53 00:03:21,600 --> 00:03:25,400 She saw that the stone had been moved away from the tomb now, 54 00:03:25,400 --> 00:03:28,600 according to the gospel of Matthew, Mary Magdalene and the 55 00:03:28,600 --> 00:03:31,600 other women, they actually see an angel descend from heaven, 56 00:03:31,900 --> 00:03:34,300 and they see the angel roll the stone away. 57 00:03:34,600 --> 00:03:37,700 So, if we put these two gospels together, it appears that was 58 00:03:37,700 --> 00:03:41,200 soon as that happens, where the woman's see, the stone being 59 00:03:41,200 --> 00:03:44,800 rolled away. Mary of Magdalene now leaves and 60 00:03:44,800 --> 00:03:48,200 she runs back to Peter and John, which is what happens in Our 61 00:03:48,200 --> 00:03:50,200 Gospel. So she leaves the other women at 62 00:03:50,200 --> 00:03:52,900 the tomb. Mary Magdalene verse 2. 63 00:03:52,900 --> 00:03:56,200 Came running to Simon Peter and the other disciple. 64 00:03:56,900 --> 00:03:59,900 So she's not going to all the apostles, although, later in the 65 00:03:59,900 --> 00:04:04,100 day, the other Possible's will be told, but she's going to, it 66 00:04:04,100 --> 00:04:07,300 appears to be the two leaders, basically, Simon Peter. 67 00:04:07,300 --> 00:04:11,200 And the other disciple. Those that she recognizes are 68 00:04:11,200 --> 00:04:13,000 the leaders of the Christian Community. 69 00:04:14,200 --> 00:04:17,300 So Peter obviously, he's the head Apostle, and the last time 70 00:04:17,300 --> 00:04:22,600 we saw him, he had denied Jesus. And the other disciple is not 71 00:04:22,600 --> 00:04:26,500 named here as just called the one whom Jesus loved most 72 00:04:26,500 --> 00:04:28,300 Scholars. Would say the fact that he's not 73 00:04:28,300 --> 00:04:32,300 named in the Gospel of John, probably indicates that it's 74 00:04:32,300 --> 00:04:35,200 John himself. The author is the Apostle. 75 00:04:35,200 --> 00:04:39,900 John So, probably talking here about the author. 76 00:04:39,900 --> 00:04:42,300 Now, talking about himself in third person. 77 00:04:43,200 --> 00:04:47,100 So Peter and John and she says to them, they have taken the 78 00:04:47,100 --> 00:04:50,000 Lord out of the Tomb and we don't know where they have put 79 00:04:50,000 --> 00:04:51,800 him. So who's that? 80 00:04:51,800 --> 00:04:55,600 They that she's talking about who's the who does she think is 81 00:04:55,600 --> 00:05:00,200 taken Jesus out of the Tomb. It appears that because Mary 82 00:05:00,200 --> 00:05:02,700 Magdalene at this stage, hasn't yet seen Jesus. 83 00:05:02,700 --> 00:05:05,800 So she doesn't believe he's been resurrected, all she knows is 84 00:05:05,800 --> 00:05:08,500 that the tomb is empty. That's all she knows for sure. 85 00:05:11,400 --> 00:05:16,400 So, she interprets this to mean that someone has taken his body. 86 00:05:16,400 --> 00:05:19,400 That's who her fiery. Someone has taken his body and 87 00:05:19,400 --> 00:05:23,200 in that culture was quite common for robbers to break into Graves 88 00:05:23,500 --> 00:05:27,600 and to steal bodies. So that's what she thinks 89 00:05:27,600 --> 00:05:29,200 happened. Is that there's been a grave 90 00:05:29,200 --> 00:05:33,700 robber who's coming stolen Jesus, so the two disciples set 91 00:05:33,700 --> 00:05:37,200 out to find find out the truth. And it says that the other 92 00:05:37,200 --> 00:05:42,400 disciple, outran, Peter, So John outran, Peter and that's 93 00:05:42,400 --> 00:05:44,500 probably because John is younger than Peter. 94 00:05:44,800 --> 00:05:47,900 John is probably about 30 years old whereas Peter might be 50 95 00:05:47,900 --> 00:05:50,600 something. Now it does sound a bit like a 96 00:05:50,600 --> 00:05:52,700 chica comment from the Apostle John year. 97 00:05:52,700 --> 00:05:56,500 He's kind of showing off a bit in saying that I run it. 98 00:05:56,600 --> 00:05:59,800 I outran, Peter. So they come to the tomb, and 99 00:05:59,800 --> 00:06:02,000 you've probably seen pictures of what the tomb looks like. 100 00:06:02,500 --> 00:06:05,200 It would have been a large carving in the wall, and for 101 00:06:05,200 --> 00:06:08,200 quite, it was quite common for wealthy people, like Joseph of 102 00:06:08,200 --> 00:06:12,200 Arimathea, who owned This tomb they would actually have private 103 00:06:12,200 --> 00:06:16,300 tombs set into the wall much like you do see in the pictures. 104 00:06:16,400 --> 00:06:20,400 So they come to this large, carving in the wall and they go 105 00:06:20,400 --> 00:06:23,700 in and they see the linen cloths lying on the ground. 106 00:06:24,800 --> 00:06:26,300 And John now spends a bit of time. 107 00:06:26,300 --> 00:06:28,600 Describing what kind of cloths? They see. 108 00:06:28,600 --> 00:06:32,500 So there's something significant about these clots, the fact that 109 00:06:32,500 --> 00:06:35,700 the cloths are lying on the ground and these are the cloth 110 00:06:35,700 --> 00:06:39,600 that are used to wrap. The dead person that probably 111 00:06:39,600 --> 00:06:42,700 suggests a to the readers of John's original gospel. 112 00:06:43,700 --> 00:06:46,300 It would have indicated to them that it wasn't robbers because 113 00:06:46,300 --> 00:06:49,200 robbers don't unwrap the corpse before stealing at. 114 00:06:49,200 --> 00:06:52,400 They just getting quickly. Grabbed the whole corpse with 115 00:06:52,400 --> 00:06:55,400 the cloths and then leave so they wouldn't Wrap the person 116 00:06:55,400 --> 00:06:57,700 first. So already John wants his 117 00:06:57,700 --> 00:07:01,400 readers to understand that his body has not been stolen. 118 00:07:01,700 --> 00:07:04,400 Apparently, around the time, John was writing his gospel. 119 00:07:04,400 --> 00:07:09,100 There was a theory among some that Jesus body had been stolen 120 00:07:09,100 --> 00:07:12,400 and he didn't really resurrect. So John seems to be very careful 121 00:07:12,400 --> 00:07:15,000 here to show because he was there on the day. 122 00:07:15,400 --> 00:07:20,000 That it can't be grave robbers. This also contrasts with the 123 00:07:20,000 --> 00:07:23,400 resuscitation of Lazarus which is in the Gospel of John earlier 124 00:07:23,900 --> 00:07:26,700 because if You remember the recessed rust recess attention 125 00:07:26,700 --> 00:07:30,200 of Lazarus Lazarus walked out of the Tomb with his grave cloths. 126 00:07:30,200 --> 00:07:34,100 Still on John wants his readers to notice that something. 127 00:07:34,100 --> 00:07:37,900 Radically different has happened to Jesus, his Jesus has 128 00:07:37,900 --> 00:07:40,000 apparently taken his own cloths off. 129 00:07:41,900 --> 00:07:45,200 So John, he peers into the tomb and he can see the cloths but he 130 00:07:45,200 --> 00:07:48,300 does not go in. Apparently, he recognizes 131 00:07:48,300 --> 00:07:51,600 Peter's Authority as the leader, and he doesn't want to go in 132 00:07:51,600 --> 00:07:55,000 until Peter arrives. So, Peter goes in verse 7, he 133 00:07:55,000 --> 00:07:57,800 sees the cloth that had been over his head. 134 00:07:59,600 --> 00:08:02,800 And John mentions, the Apostle John, the author mentions that 135 00:08:02,800 --> 00:08:05,800 this cloth that had been over his head was not sit down with 136 00:08:05,800 --> 00:08:08,500 the other cloths. It had been rolled up in a place 137 00:08:08,500 --> 00:08:13,600 by itself. all of this suggests that this text has been written 138 00:08:13,600 --> 00:08:16,100 by an eyewitness, by John himself, it's very hard to 139 00:08:16,100 --> 00:08:20,300 explain how they would have known that otherwise So again, 140 00:08:20,300 --> 00:08:22,900 John is probably including all this information about the grave 141 00:08:22,900 --> 00:08:26,000 robber because there were some people who claim that the 142 00:08:26,000 --> 00:08:28,400 robbers had broken into the tomb and still on the body. 143 00:08:28,800 --> 00:08:32,600 So John's point is that the head cloth in particular being rolled 144 00:08:32,600 --> 00:08:35,400 up neatly indicates that it wasn't robbers. 145 00:08:35,400 --> 00:08:39,000 It appears that someone has carefully and slowly wrapped up 146 00:08:39,000 --> 00:08:42,700 the cloth deliberately that's John's Point here. 147 00:08:44,500 --> 00:08:47,900 Verse 8, John goes in because Peters gone in now Sir, John 148 00:08:47,900 --> 00:08:51,300 thinks it's safe to go in and the text says he sees and 149 00:08:51,300 --> 00:08:54,800 believes. So there's some debate about how 150 00:08:54,800 --> 00:08:57,400 much John actually believes at this point, what does it mean? 151 00:08:57,400 --> 00:09:01,300 When the text says he believes? Because the verb believe, can 152 00:09:01,300 --> 00:09:04,800 mean he began to believe and that would make sense because 153 00:09:04,800 --> 00:09:07,500 there's apparently, some things, the apostles don't yet fully 154 00:09:07,500 --> 00:09:12,000 understand. Now, notice what John believes 155 00:09:12,000 --> 00:09:15,200 in response to, he goes into the tomb and apparently he believes 156 00:09:15,200 --> 00:09:18,200 in response to seeing the head cloth rolled up. 157 00:09:18,500 --> 00:09:22,300 That's what makes him believe something about that makes John, 158 00:09:23,000 --> 00:09:25,400 believe that Jesus really has resurrected. 159 00:09:25,500 --> 00:09:28,400 And that particular fact, is analyzed in the catechism, the 160 00:09:28,400 --> 00:09:29,700 catechism of the Catholic Church. 161 00:09:29,700 --> 00:09:33,100 Normally doesn't do a lot of apologetic, sort of stuff, but 162 00:09:33,100 --> 00:09:36,400 it does in one part of the catechism, talked a lot about 163 00:09:36,600 --> 00:09:41,300 the fact that these Cloths of rolled up and we'll talk about 164 00:09:41,300 --> 00:09:42,500 that. When we look at the catechism 165 00:09:42,500 --> 00:09:45,500 sections, the last verse here is verse 9. 166 00:09:45,500 --> 00:09:49,000 It says, till this moment, they had failed to understand the 167 00:09:49,000 --> 00:09:52,100 teaching of scripture that he must rise from the dead. 168 00:09:52,900 --> 00:09:55,000 Now, John would know this, Jordan would know that the 169 00:09:55,000 --> 00:09:58,500 apostles hadn't understood. The Prophecies of scripture 170 00:09:58,500 --> 00:10:02,000 since he himself is one of the Apostles and he's the author 171 00:10:02,000 --> 00:10:05,300 who's writing this. So, John here, says that there's 172 00:10:05,300 --> 00:10:08,600 Parts when he says scripture, that means the Old Testament. 173 00:10:08,600 --> 00:10:11,700 So there's parts of the Old Testament, which apparently 174 00:10:11,700 --> 00:10:14,200 teach that the Messiah must rise from the dead. 175 00:10:14,800 --> 00:10:17,200 Now, it's interesting that John says that because there's no 176 00:10:17,500 --> 00:10:21,000 specific really clear prophecies in the Old Testament, which say 177 00:10:21,300 --> 00:10:23,300 the Messiah is going to rise from the dead. 178 00:10:23,300 --> 00:10:27,100 There's nothing super clear about that and that's probably 179 00:10:27,100 --> 00:10:29,600 why the disciples didn't realize it straight away. 180 00:10:30,300 --> 00:10:34,000 So the disciple of do know the Old Testament but They don't 181 00:10:34,000 --> 00:10:37,600 perceive the meaning of some of these obscure prophecies perhaps 182 00:10:37,600 --> 00:10:42,100 in the Book of Daniel and Isaiah until Jesus is resurrected. 183 00:10:42,100 --> 00:10:44,800 And then they realize that the Old Testament has been 184 00:10:44,800 --> 00:10:47,700 prophesying that the Messiah would resurrect. 185 00:10:48,400 --> 00:10:52,500 And in fact later if you read on the disciples, understand even 186 00:10:52,600 --> 00:10:56,900 more when they're enlightened by the Holy Spirit, Now there is 187 00:10:56,900 --> 00:10:59,900 one more verse that finishes this section which is verse 10. 188 00:11:00,100 --> 00:11:03,200 That's not included in today's election Airy but it's a 189 00:11:03,208 --> 00:11:04,800 versatile. Never actually read in the 190 00:11:04,800 --> 00:11:07,100 lectionary. So we'll finish off with verse 191 00:11:07,200 --> 00:11:10,800 10 today. So verse 10 just says, then the 192 00:11:10,800 --> 00:11:12,800 disciples went back to their homes. 193 00:11:13,600 --> 00:11:16,800 So basically Peter and John after they've seen all this they 194 00:11:16,800 --> 00:11:19,000 go home, they're probably still a bit confused. 195 00:11:19,100 --> 00:11:21,800 Now, later in the day, Jesus would appear again to all of the 196 00:11:21,800 --> 00:11:24,500 disciples. But Peter and John for now they 197 00:11:24,500 --> 00:11:26,900 go home. So it's just Just Mary Magdalene 198 00:11:27,100 --> 00:11:31,900 that's left at the tomb and that leads into what happens next and 199 00:11:31,900 --> 00:11:34,700 you can hear that next section that focuses on Mary Magdalene 200 00:11:34,700 --> 00:11:38,200 on the Feast of Mary Magdalene every year and it's also on 201 00:11:38,300 --> 00:11:41,800 Easter Tuesday a couple of days after this Easter Sunday 202 00:11:41,800 --> 00:11:45,000 reading. So that's our joyful text for 203 00:11:45,000 --> 00:11:48,000 today from John chapter 20. Let's have a look at where this 204 00:11:48,000 --> 00:11:52,900 appears in the catechism. So firstly in paragraph, 2 174, 205 00:11:52,900 --> 00:11:55,000 that's in the section. We've been looking at a bit over 206 00:11:55,000 --> 00:11:57,100 the last few days in this podcast. 207 00:11:57,400 --> 00:12:00,500 So there's a commentary there on what the significance is of the 208 00:12:00,500 --> 00:12:03,500 fact that Jesus rose on the first day of the week. 209 00:12:03,700 --> 00:12:06,400 So that's in paragraph, 2, 174 on. 210 00:12:06,400 --> 00:12:08,600 I'll include that in the show notes. 211 00:12:09,000 --> 00:12:11,400 The one, which is most relevant for us. 212 00:12:11,400 --> 00:12:14,500 Today is paragraph. To e which is part of the 213 00:12:14,500 --> 00:12:18,400 discussion about the empty tomb where the Catholic church. 214 00:12:18,400 --> 00:12:21,600 And the catechism here, really tells us what to make of all 215 00:12:21,600 --> 00:12:26,700 this business about the cloths. So paragraph 640 says, why do 216 00:12:26,700 --> 00:12:28,200 you seek the living among the dead? 217 00:12:28,200 --> 00:12:32,600 He is not here, but has risen the first element. 218 00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:35,900 We encounter in the framework of the Easter events is the empty 219 00:12:35,900 --> 00:12:39,700 tomb in itself. It is not a direct proof of the 220 00:12:39,700 --> 00:12:43,600 Resurrection, the absence of, Christ's body from the tomb 221 00:12:43,600 --> 00:12:48,100 could be explained otherwise nonetheless the empty tomb was 222 00:12:48,100 --> 00:12:52,500 still an essential sign for all its Discovery by the disciples 223 00:12:52,500 --> 00:12:55,900 was the first step towards recognizing the very fact of the 224 00:12:55,900 --> 00:13:00,800 Resurrection this was the case first with the Holy Women and 225 00:13:00,800 --> 00:13:05,300 then with Peter, The disciple whom Jesus loved affirmed that 226 00:13:05,300 --> 00:13:08,900 when he entered the empty tomb and discovered the linen cloths 227 00:13:08,900 --> 00:13:14,100 lying there he saw and believed this suggests that he realized 228 00:13:14,100 --> 00:13:17,900 from the empty tombs condition that the absence of Jesus body 229 00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:20,000 could not have been of human doing. 230 00:13:20,300 --> 00:13:24,100 And the Jesus had not simply return to Earthly life as had 231 00:13:24,100 --> 00:13:28,600 been the case with Lazarus. So it really striking paragraph 232 00:13:28,600 --> 00:13:31,800 and it covers all the things we've talked about today, the 233 00:13:31,800 --> 00:13:35,200 fact that they see the cloths rolled up in that way, suggest 234 00:13:35,600 --> 00:13:39,300 to Peter and John firstly that his body hasn't been stolen and 235 00:13:39,300 --> 00:13:43,300 secondly that his Jesus resurrection is not like Lazarus 236 00:13:43,300 --> 00:13:46,300 as Resurrection. So we have an apologetic 237 00:13:46,300 --> 00:13:49,800 argument here that the catechism is building towards to show that 238 00:13:49,800 --> 00:13:51,400 the resurrection did really happen. 239 00:13:52,300 --> 00:13:56,000 And then we also have paragraph 515 in the section about 240 00:13:56,000 --> 00:14:01,600 Christ's whole life is Mystery. And it says, from the swaddling 241 00:14:01,600 --> 00:14:05,300 cloths of his birth, to the vinegar of his passion and the 242 00:14:05,308 --> 00:14:09,200 shroud of his resurrection, everything in Jesus life was a 243 00:14:09,208 --> 00:14:14,500 sign of his mystery, his deeds Miracles and words, all revealed 244 00:14:14,500 --> 00:14:19,100 that in him, the fullness of deity, dwells bodily and the 245 00:14:19,100 --> 00:14:21,900 goes on from there. So, the catechism there sees a 246 00:14:23,000 --> 00:14:25,700 similarity between the clothes, a trap Jesus. 247 00:14:25,700 --> 00:14:29,000 When he was a baby and the clothes that wrapped the cloths 248 00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:33,500 or up, Jesus, when He was buried and of course this is where we 249 00:14:33,500 --> 00:14:36,900 get the Traditions about the Shroud of Turin from and the 250 00:14:36,908 --> 00:14:40,200 theory is that these cloths which John saw when he poked his 251 00:14:40,200 --> 00:14:43,500 head into the tomb on this day, one of them was the Shroud which 252 00:14:43,500 --> 00:14:47,100 is now being preserved, so that's worth looking into as 253 00:14:47,100 --> 00:14:49,800 well. That's the end of today's 254 00:14:49,800 --> 00:14:52,300 podcast. Thank you so much for listening. 255 00:14:52,500 --> 00:14:55,900 Please keep this ministry in your prayers and I hope you have 256 00:14:55,900 --> 00:14:58,600 a really good Easter. We'll see you again tomorrow. 257 00:14:49,000 --> 00:14:50,700 That's the end of today's podcast. 258 00:14:50,700 --> 00:14:53,800 Thank you so much for listening. Please keep this ministry in 259 00:14:53,800 --> 00:14:57,100 your prayers and I hope you have a really good Easter. 260 00:14:57,400 --> 00:14:58,600 We'll see you again tomorrow.