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Hi everyone and welcome back to 
our podcast. 

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So we're continuing to move 
through Mark and if you go to 

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mass today you'll hear from Mark
chapter 3 verses 13 to 19 and 

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this is the passage where Jesus 
chooses his 12 Apostles. 

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Jesus went up into the hills and
summoned, those he wanted So 

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they came to him and he 
appointed twelve, they were to 

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be his companions and to be sent
out to preach with power to cast

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out devils. and so, he appointed
the 12, Simon to whom he gave 

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the name, Peter James, the son 
of Zebedee. 

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And John, the brother of James 
to whom he gave the name, bow 

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energies, or sons of thunder, 
then, Andrew Philip, 

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Bartholomew. 
Matthew Thomas, James the son of

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alphaeus thaddaeus Simon the 
Zealot and Judas, Iscariot the 

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man who was to betray him. 
So that's your passage today and

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as you can see, it's mostly 
taken up by the list of names. 

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So we want to try and get it the
literal sense. 

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What might have the original 
here? 

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Is thought of as I heard this 
passage that Mark had written. 

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So firstly let's look at this 
setting in verse that verse 13. 

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So Jesus goes up into the hills,
he's probably still in the 

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Galilee area. 
So he's going up to the hills 

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surrounding the Sea of Galilee 
and you can see those today. 

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If you go to the Lake. 
You can see that those heels 

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going up. 
All sides of the lake, and it's 

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quite beautiful actually. 
So, typically Jesus goes up into

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the hills, when he wants a bit 
of privacy, he's trying to get 

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away from the crowds a little 
bit. 

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Here it appears. 
Some Scholars think that by him 

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going up, the hill at might call
to mind Moses doing similar 

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things. 
So particularly in Exodus 19 3, 

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Moses goes up the mountain and 
that's where the original Twelve

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Tribes of Israel were forged by 
God. 

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So that could be sort of a 
connection that Mark wants to 

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bring out here as well. 
And Jesus summoned those he 

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wanted. 
So notice this is an invite only

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thing. 
Jesus, only calls together a 

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Group of people for this next 
part. 

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Now, it's not clear whether he 
only calls the 12 or he calls 

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together a larger group and then
he's got that larger group in 

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front of him and then he picks 
the 12, it's not clear but it's 

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either way, he only calls a 
limited number to him at this 

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point. 
So he appoints 12. 

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Why does he choose 12? 
It's not an accident. 

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Jesus does choose 12 
deliberately. 

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And we know that the it's 
important that there's 12 

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because later on after This is 
gone and Judas dies, the 

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apostles get together and they 
realize that they need to 

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replace Judas. 
They need a 12 Apostle and so 

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they do replace Judas. 
That's in the book of Acts. 

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So there must be something about
having 12. 

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And almost certainly it 
represents the 12 tribes of 

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Israel or the 12 Patriarchs of 
Israel. 

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You remember in the Old 
Testament that Jacob has twelve 

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sons. 
And each of those Sons goes on 

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to be, the founder of one of the
12 tribes of Israel. 

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So they're like the original. 
You could say the founders of 

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Israel. 
So by Jesus choosing 12, he's 

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signaling that he is now 
establishing a new Israel with 

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new leaders. 
I think that's certainly the 

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implication here. 
And we know later in the 

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gospels, because Jesus says to 
them in heaven, you'll sit on 

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the 12 tribes on 12 Thrones 
judging the 12 tribes of Israel.

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So it is his intention to set up
a parallel between the 12 tribes

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of the Old Testament and the 12 
apostles in the new. 

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So, these are Apostles where it 
is already called a whole lot of

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disciples. 
These are now the apostles and 

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the Greek apostolos is the word 
that's used. 

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Used here. 
Which means sent out where as a 

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disciple is one who's called to 
listen and Apostle is a 

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particular person. 
Who's been commissioned to be 

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sent out at this point, there's 
only 12, although the word does 

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get used in different ways later
in the New Testament. 

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For example, Paul considers 
himself to be an apostle even 

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though he isn't one of the 12 
here, So Jesus is Calling 

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twenties. 
Basically got 12 Assistance or 

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12 helpers in his ministry. 
It was common for rabbis and 

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preachers at that time. 
If they traveled around to 

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actually have an inner circle of
disciples, John the Baptist 

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probably had an inner circle and
lots of other rabbis did as 

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well. 
But what Scholars have noticed 

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here, which is interesting is 
that it appears that Jesus 

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deliberately chooses only men to
be part of his inner circle, 

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Where is it appears that other 
rabbis and other sort of 

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religious leaders traveling 
religious leaders in that 

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culture did choose women to be 
part of the inner circle. 

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And a lot of Protestants would 
say, well, he didn't choose 

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women because it wasn't a thing.
You don't put women in your 

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inner circle, otherwise your 
ministry would have never gotten

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off the ground because it's not 
accepted for women to have 

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leadership roles. 
But doing a bit more research, 

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it doesn't appear. 
That that's the case. 

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It does look like a lot of Of 
religious leaders had women as 

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their disciples. 
So the fact that Jesus chooses, 

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not to have any women amongst 
the 12, although he does have 

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women disciples, is significant 
and the Catholic Church sees 

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that as a significant indicator 
in relation to Jesus only 

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wanting male priests and that is
brought out in the catechism, 

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passage will look at a bit later
on. 

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So the text here says that 
they're going to have three 

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functions. 
So he calls The Twelve Apostles 

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and they're going to do three 
things to be his companions to 

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be sent out to preach and to 
cast out Devils. 

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Those are the three things, 
notice what they're not given 

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here, they're not given the 
power to do physical healings. 

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Jesus wants them to focus on the
spiritual stuff at the moment. 

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So, the spiritual aspect of the 
kingdom of God. 

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So there to be his companions to
travel the journey with him. 

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Be his friends to be sent out to
preach. 

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And so they're going to preach 
the kingdom of God Just Like 

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Jesus Does. 
So that way the message can be 

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spread quickly more quicker 
quicker than if Jesus was doing 

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it by himself. 
And also so they can carry on 

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the message after Jesus is gone.
And thirdly they Jesus gives 

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them power is the word in 
English to cast out Devils. 

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So Jesus gives him a special 
specific power and commissioning

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that allowed them to cast out 
Devils. 

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It wasn't a special skill that 
he taught them. 

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It appears, he may have laid 
hands on them, but he gave them 

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some sort of special 
Supernatural power and it's a 

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supernatural gift and not 
everyone can do it. 

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In fact, very few people can do 
an exorcism, so Jesus gives them

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that power. 
So, Jesus now goes on to list 

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the names of The Twelve 
Apostles. 

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It's likely that he would have 
known each of these 12 men 

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already. 
He's not just looking around at 

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the crowd going yet. 
While have you? 

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You look good? 
You look good. 

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He knows each of these 12 men 
already and if we counted up it 

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looks like he knows at least 
seven of them. 

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He's met at least seven of them 
by name already earlier in these

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gospels. 
Maybe more. 

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It's likely that there were all 
part of his disciples, traveling

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to Chuckles and now they're 
being promoted to his in a 

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group. 
So let's go through the list, 

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we'll just touch briefly on each
of the name. 

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So verse 16, we start with Simon
to whom he gave the name. 

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Peter Simon is always mentioned 
first in the list of the 

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Apostles because Mark and the 
other Riders want to highlight 

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his privacy as leader. 
He's clearly the leader of the 

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Apostles. 
That's clear in the gospels and 

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the early church and the early 
gospel readers knew that very 

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well that he's the leader. 
Jesus is actually already named 

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him Simon earlier on when Simon 
first meets Jesus which is in 

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John. 
Chapter 1. 

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Yeah, that's when Jesus gives 
him the name, Peter, then 

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there's James the son of Zebedee
and John the brother of James. 

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So, these two men are brothers 
and they were fishermen earlier 

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on. 
So we were introduced to them 

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earlier and Mark, and in fact, 
Jesus met them. 

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May have met them a little 
earlier as well in the Gospel of

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John. 
He gave the name but this is 

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James and John. 
Jesus gave the name boa energies

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or sons of thunder. 
So he gives James and John and 

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nickname. 
Either because their father 

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Zebedee had something to do with
thunder or perhaps James and 

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John themself had quite a 
thundery or stormy personality, 

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and that does seem to be true. 
Because later, in the gospels, 

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remember, James and John come to
Jesus. 

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And they say, would you like us 
to call down fire from heaven? 

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So, they do some have very bold 
personalities. 

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So, here's the Inner Circle, 
Peter James and John. 

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Those three are mentioned first.
Next, we have Andrew he's 

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considered to be like the fourth
most important Apostle. 

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But here's the brother of Simon,
he meets Jesus earlier in the 

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Gospel of John, Philip is next 
in the list, he's from bethsaida

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and he also meets Jesus in John 
chapter one although we haven't 

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met him in the gospel of Mark, 
yet Philip is quite prominent in

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the Gospel of John. 
Next is Bartholomew. 

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He's sometimes called Nathaniel.
And he also meets Jesus earlier 

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on in John chapter 1. 
Matthew and he's probably the 

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same guy as Levi. 
Remember earlier in Mark, we met

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Levi, the tax collector, it's 
probably the same guy. 

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In any case, Matthew is the 
author of The Gospel of Matthew 

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So Jesus has met all of those 
and we know that from the 

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gospels and so the rest of the 
list you have sort of the Lesser

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disciples, the ones who are not 
mentioned earlier in the 

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gospels, but probably Jesus, 
still knew them. 

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So next we have Thomas and so 
he's famous for doubting Jesus 

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after his resurrection. 
James, the son of alphaeus. 

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Now, this is not the other 
James. 

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It's already been mentioned. 
It's also not the James, the 

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brother of Jesus. 
This is a third, James James, 

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the son of alphaeus. 
If we put together what we know 

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from the other Gospels, it 
appears that James might be the 

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brother of Levi, the tax 
collector because they're both 

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said to be sons of alphaeus. 
Next, we have 30th and we don't 

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know much about him at all. 
He appears to have no lines in 

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any of the Gospels. 
And sometimes Thaddeus is called

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dude or Judas, but we're not 
talking about Judas, Iscariot 

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Simon. 
The Zealot is listed next. 

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So a zealot is someone who 
advocated for political 

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revolution, in overthrowing the 
Romans. 

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So some of the Jews was Alex. 
They was zealous for Israel and 

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they advocated political 
activism basically. 

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So, it's interesting. 
Jesus is deliberately picking 

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man from different places from 
different jobs and with 

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different, political 
Persuasions. 

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So that tells us a lot about 
Jesus not having a single mold 

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for what? 
He expects an apostle to be like

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he picks them from all walks of 
life and lastly always listed 

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last is Judas Iscariot. 
So Iscariot is one of the only 

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people in the gospels that has a
last name. 

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Iscariot. 
It could mean that he's from the

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village of curiosity. 
So that's what some Scholars 

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think. 
It's a bit of a strange word 

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though. 
Iscariot. 

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Now he's deliberately listed 
Mart Last by the gospel authors.

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So he's considered to be the 
least Apostle because of what he

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does later in his life by 
betraying Jesus. 

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So that's your list of Twelve 
Apostles. 

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And obviously, there's a lot. 
You can say about each of the 

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12. 
It appears that all 12 of them 

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were eventually martyred for 
their faith, except maybe John 

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the son of Zebedee and they went
all over the world after Jesus 

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died. 
Eventually they moved all across

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the Roman Empire. 
Thomas for example, went to 

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India to preach and some of them
went to Rome. 

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So all over the place They 
certainly did carry out the 

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mission that Jesus gave them. 
So let's have a look at the 

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catechism. 
There's a few interesting 

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passages here. 
You wouldn't think that a list 

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of 12 names is that insightful 
in terms of theology but the 

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Catholic Church considers itself
to be founded on the 12 apostles

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and The Bishops in the Catholic 
church are descended from the 12

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apostles. 
So it is quite important that we

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that the Catholic Church talks 
about the apostles. 

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So in paragraph, five, 51, and 
55 to, which is in the 

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discussion about the Keys of the
Kingdom. 

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It says from the beginning of 
his public life, Jesus, chose 

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certain men, twelve in number to
be with him and to participate 

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in his mission. 
He gives the 12 a share in his 

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authority and sent them out to 
preach the kingdom of God. 

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And to heal Simon Peter holds. 
The first place in the College 

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of the 12. 
Jesus entrusted, a unique 

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mission to him. 
And then, in paragraph 7 65, 

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which is in the section about 
the church. 

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The Lord Jesus in doubt, his 
community with a structure that 

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will remain until the kingdom is
fully achieved before. 

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All else, there is the choice of
the 12 with pita as their head 

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representing, the 12 tribes of 
Israel. 

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They are the foundation stones 
of the New Jerusalem, the 12 and

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the other disciples share in 
Christ's Mission and his power. 

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But also in his lot by all his 
actions Christ prepares, and 

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builds his church. 
And then in paragraph 1577, this

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is part of the section of the 
catechism that deals with holy 

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orders and this paragraph 
answers, the question who can 

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receive the sacrament of holy 
orders. 

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This is quite a strong teaching 
as you'll hear hear from the 

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language. 
Quote only a baptized man 

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validly receives sacred 
ordination unquote. 

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The Lord Jesus chose men to form
the College of The Twelve 

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Apostles, and the apostles did 
the same when they chose 

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collaborators to succeed them in
their Ministry. 

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The College of Bishops with whom
the priests are united in the 

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priesthood, make the College of 
the 12 and ever present, and 

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ever active reality, until 
Christ's return. 

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The church recognizes herself to
be bound by this Choice made by 

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the Lord himself for this 
reason, the ordination of women 

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is not possible. 
So that's in paragraph 1577. 

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So as you can see that Catholic 
Church does see this list of 

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Twelve Apostles and their role 
in preaching, the kingdom as 

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quite significant in the 
church's own mission. 

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Okay. 
Thanks for listening. 

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Hope you learned something new 
from the list of Twelve Apostles

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and will continue with Mark 
chapter 3 tomorrow.

