1 00:00:10,800 --> 00:00:15,100 Hi everyone, welcome back to the Daily gospel exegesis podcast. 2 00:00:15,600 --> 00:00:18,000 We're going to get straight into today's episode because we have 3 00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:20,500 a longer reading. So this is the reading you would 4 00:00:20,500 --> 00:00:28,000 here today at Mass Mark. Chapter 10 verses 35 to 45 James 5 00:00:28,000 --> 00:00:29,900 and John, the sons of Zebedee approach. 6 00:00:30,900 --> 00:00:33,600 Master. They said to him, we want you to 7 00:00:33,600 --> 00:00:37,300 do us a favor. He said to them, what is it? 8 00:00:37,300 --> 00:00:41,800 You want me to do for you? They said to him, allow us to 9 00:00:41,800 --> 00:00:45,400 sit one at your right hand and the other as your left in your 10 00:00:45,400 --> 00:00:48,400 glory. You do not know what you are 11 00:00:48,400 --> 00:00:49,900 asking. Jesus said to them. 12 00:00:50,100 --> 00:00:53,900 Can you drink the cup that I must drink or be baptized with 13 00:00:53,900 --> 00:00:56,500 the baptism with, which I must be baptized? 14 00:00:58,100 --> 00:01:03,400 They replied, we can. Jesus said to them, the cup that 15 00:01:03,400 --> 00:01:06,100 I must drink. You shall drink and with the 16 00:01:06,100 --> 00:01:10,000 baptism with, which I must be baptized, you shall be baptized. 17 00:01:10,200 --> 00:01:14,400 But as for the seats at my right or my left hand, these are not 18 00:01:14,400 --> 00:01:17,500 mine to Grant. They belong to those to whom 19 00:01:17,500 --> 00:01:21,500 they have been allotted. When the other 10 heard this, 20 00:01:21,500 --> 00:01:23,900 they began to feel indignant with James and John. 21 00:01:24,200 --> 00:01:27,400 So Jesus called to them called them to him and said to them, 22 00:01:28,100 --> 00:01:32,000 you know, that among the pagans their so-called rulers, Lord it 23 00:01:32,000 --> 00:01:35,700 over them and their great men, make their Authority, felt. 24 00:01:36,300 --> 00:01:41,000 This is not to happen among. You know, anyone who wants to 25 00:01:41,000 --> 00:01:45,300 become great among you must be your servant and anyone who 26 00:01:45,300 --> 00:01:48,900 wants to be first among you must be slave to all. 27 00:01:50,300 --> 00:01:54,100 For the son of man, himself did not come to be served, but to 28 00:01:54,100 --> 00:01:57,800 serve and to give his life as a ransom for many. 29 00:01:59,200 --> 00:02:01,400 So let's start by thinking about the context. 30 00:02:01,400 --> 00:02:03,800 So Jesus is on the way to Jerusalem. 31 00:02:03,800 --> 00:02:07,300 He's getting towards the end of his life now and he's just taken 32 00:02:07,300 --> 00:02:11,100 the 12 Apostles of side and he's given them another prediction 33 00:02:11,100 --> 00:02:13,900 about his death. And he's been quite specific 34 00:02:13,900 --> 00:02:16,100 about how his death is going to come about. 35 00:02:17,700 --> 00:02:20,200 Verse 35. Now the things change a little 36 00:02:20,200 --> 00:02:23,300 bit, James and John, the sons of Zebedee approached him. 37 00:02:24,100 --> 00:02:27,500 So these are the fisherman, James and John, and Matthews 38 00:02:27,500 --> 00:02:30,000 version clarifies. That actually what happens here 39 00:02:30,000 --> 00:02:34,000 is that their mother approaches Jesus to ask on their behalf, 40 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:36,700 but Mark simplifies it here and says, it's James and John 41 00:02:36,700 --> 00:02:40,600 themself Master. They said to him we want you to 42 00:02:40,600 --> 00:02:43,100 do us a favor. Actually what it says. 43 00:02:43,100 --> 00:02:46,200 They're more literally is we want you to do for us, whatever 44 00:02:46,200 --> 00:02:49,100 we ask of you. That's a pretty audacious thing 45 00:02:49,100 --> 00:02:53,100 for them to say to Jesus. So it looks like they want Jesus 46 00:02:53,100 --> 00:02:56,100 to agree to their request before they actually tell him what it 47 00:02:56,100 --> 00:02:59,600 is, which is pretty sneaky. Maybe James and John are relying 48 00:02:59,600 --> 00:03:02,700 on their status as some of the closest Apostles. 49 00:03:03,300 --> 00:03:05,900 And they just hoping that Jesus will grant their request. 50 00:03:06,200 --> 00:03:07,800 Verse 36. He said to them. 51 00:03:07,800 --> 00:03:09,800 What is it? You want me to do for you? 52 00:03:11,100 --> 00:03:15,000 They said to him, allow us to sit one at your right hand and 53 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:17,400 the other at your left in your glory. 54 00:03:18,600 --> 00:03:21,500 Now. It's likely that James and John 55 00:03:21,500 --> 00:03:24,300 are thinking that the kingdom will arrive very soon. 56 00:03:24,300 --> 00:03:26,800 When they reach Jerusalem. That was the Jewish view that as 57 00:03:26,800 --> 00:03:30,300 soon as the Messiah reaches Jerusalem publicly. 58 00:03:30,900 --> 00:03:33,100 Then the kingdom will come. So maybe they're perceived, the 59 00:03:33,108 --> 00:03:35,900 kingdom is about to arrive, and that's why they've said, can we 60 00:03:35,900 --> 00:03:38,200 sit at your right hand and your left hand as you come in your 61 00:03:38,200 --> 00:03:40,100 glory because they think it's about to happen. 62 00:03:41,200 --> 00:03:43,900 So the phrase here, just sit at your right hand and your left 63 00:03:43,900 --> 00:03:45,700 hand. It sort of conjures up these 64 00:03:45,700 --> 00:03:49,900 images of a throne room sitting next to a monarch or a king was 65 00:03:49,900 --> 00:03:52,700 a tremendous privilege in the ancient near East. 66 00:03:53,000 --> 00:03:55,900 So to sit at the right and the left hand of a king would be the 67 00:03:55,900 --> 00:03:58,200 two most important people in his kingdom. 68 00:03:58,600 --> 00:04:02,100 So they're asking Jesus. Can we be your right-hand, man? 69 00:04:02,100 --> 00:04:04,300 Can we be your most important people in your kingdom? 70 00:04:05,900 --> 00:04:08,600 Now apparently, if you think about it, Jesus has actually 71 00:04:08,600 --> 00:04:12,000 already assigned this role to Peter at least in a sense. 72 00:04:12,000 --> 00:04:15,500 But of course James and John don't really understand that 73 00:04:16,300 --> 00:04:19,200 verse 38. Jesus says, you do not know what 74 00:04:19,200 --> 00:04:22,500 you are asking. So Jesus says, they don't 75 00:04:22,500 --> 00:04:25,000 understand what sitting at his right hand and left hand would 76 00:04:25,000 --> 00:04:27,800 actually entail. What does it mean to be greatest 77 00:04:27,800 --> 00:04:30,400 in the Kingdom? Well, Jesus is going to clarify. 78 00:04:30,500 --> 00:04:33,600 It means you're going to suffer. Jesus said to them. 79 00:04:33,600 --> 00:04:35,500 Can you drink the cup that I must drink? 80 00:04:36,600 --> 00:04:41,000 Now drinking a cup was a common Jewish metaphor for experiencing 81 00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:44,600 suffering suffering. Particularly experiencing God's 82 00:04:44,600 --> 00:04:48,000 Wrath in particular that was considered to be drinking the 83 00:04:48,000 --> 00:04:50,700 cup of God's Wrath. So we see this in Psalm 75. 84 00:04:50,700 --> 00:04:54,000 It's in Isaiah 51. Jeremiah 25. 85 00:04:54,000 --> 00:04:56,500 Ezekiel 23 all through the Old Testament. 86 00:04:56,500 --> 00:05:00,300 There's this imagery of God's Wrath being like drinking a cup. 87 00:05:00,300 --> 00:05:03,700 So Jesus, he says that in order for someone to have a high 88 00:05:03,700 --> 00:05:06,400 position in the Kingdom. He must experience. 89 00:05:06,700 --> 00:05:09,300 Suffering, we need to keep this in mind. 90 00:05:09,300 --> 00:05:12,100 As 21st century, Christians to be great. 91 00:05:12,100 --> 00:05:15,600 In the kingdom of God is not to know about Jesus, or to do lots 92 00:05:15,600 --> 00:05:19,400 of theology or something. It's to suffer for his sake. 93 00:05:20,500 --> 00:05:24,300 And then Jesus at the second phrase, a parallel phrase, or 94 00:05:24,300 --> 00:05:27,400 can you be baptized with the baptism with, which I must be 95 00:05:27,400 --> 00:05:30,800 baptized. So baptism was sort of a common 96 00:05:30,800 --> 00:05:32,700 Jewish way of describing immersion. 97 00:05:32,700 --> 00:05:35,100 So it didn't just refer to water immersion. 98 00:05:35,400 --> 00:05:36,800 It could refer to any emergency. Asian. 99 00:05:36,800 --> 00:05:38,300 And in this case, it's suffering. 100 00:05:38,600 --> 00:05:41,900 Jesus here is basically saying can you be immersed in the 101 00:05:41,900 --> 00:05:46,200 suffering that I'll be immersed in verse 39. 102 00:05:46,200 --> 00:05:51,500 They replied, we can now in all likelihood James and John, of 103 00:05:51,500 --> 00:05:53,800 course, they don't fully understand what Jesus means, but 104 00:05:53,800 --> 00:05:56,700 it seems that they're willing to experience suffering for the 105 00:05:56,700 --> 00:05:58,300 kingdom. They're actually, they say here. 106 00:05:58,300 --> 00:05:59,800 We're willing to do that for you. 107 00:05:59,800 --> 00:06:02,400 Jesus. Of course, they don't understand 108 00:06:02,400 --> 00:06:04,500 the full extent that would be required. 109 00:06:05,200 --> 00:06:07,900 So Jesus says to them. Cup that I must drink. 110 00:06:07,900 --> 00:06:11,600 You shall drink and the baptism with, which I must be baptized, 111 00:06:11,600 --> 00:06:15,600 you shall be baptized with. So, Jesus here confirms the 112 00:06:15,600 --> 00:06:18,200 James, and John will indeed experience suffering for the 113 00:06:18,200 --> 00:06:20,500 kingdom. And we know from history, that 114 00:06:20,500 --> 00:06:23,800 both James and John were persecuted, and it looks like 115 00:06:23,800 --> 00:06:25,700 both of them were martyred. Depending on. 116 00:06:25,700 --> 00:06:28,500 There's mixed Traditions there about John, but certainly James 117 00:06:28,500 --> 00:06:32,200 was martyred. In fact, James was the first 118 00:06:32,300 --> 00:06:35,800 Apostle to be martyred. It's in a d44 only about 10 119 00:06:35,800 --> 00:06:38,000 years after. This that James has killed. 120 00:06:38,000 --> 00:06:40,200 And we see this in Acts chapter 12 verse 2. 121 00:06:40,200 --> 00:06:43,300 It actually talks about James being martyred. 122 00:06:43,500 --> 00:06:46,200 So in a sense here, you could say that a lesson we can learn 123 00:06:46,200 --> 00:06:48,000 from. This is be careful what you ask 124 00:06:48,000 --> 00:06:49,900 Jesus for, because he might give it to you. 125 00:06:51,400 --> 00:06:54,900 So Jesus says that, but then he qualifies and in verse 40, but 126 00:06:54,900 --> 00:06:59,200 as for my seats, at my right hand or my left, these are not 127 00:06:59,200 --> 00:07:02,900 mine to Grant. Now, Matthews version adds hear 128 00:07:02,900 --> 00:07:06,200 a phrase that helps make it clearer in Matthews version. 129 00:07:06,200 --> 00:07:09,800 Jesus says these seats have been allotted by my father. 130 00:07:10,900 --> 00:07:13,500 So from this, we learned that rewards and positions in the 131 00:07:13,508 --> 00:07:16,400 kingdom of God will exist. There will be high positions in 132 00:07:16,400 --> 00:07:19,500 the Kingdom, but they're going to be allocated by the father. 133 00:07:20,100 --> 00:07:22,400 So here we learn some You're seeing things about the Trinity, 134 00:07:22,400 --> 00:07:25,500 the Son, and the father have different roles in Salvation 135 00:07:25,500 --> 00:07:27,900 history. The one who's going to assign 136 00:07:27,900 --> 00:07:31,600 rewards and positions is apparently the Father, the Son 137 00:07:31,600 --> 00:07:34,500 is sent by the father to help bring the father's Kingdom to 138 00:07:34,500 --> 00:07:36,900 Earth. But once it's accomplished at 139 00:07:36,900 --> 00:07:40,900 the end of time in the final kingdom of God, when a finally 140 00:07:40,900 --> 00:07:44,100 comes in its fullness, Jesus turns all authority to the 141 00:07:44,100 --> 00:07:46,200 father. So, in that final Kingdom 142 00:07:46,300 --> 00:07:48,800 rewards will be assigned by the father. 143 00:07:50,100 --> 00:07:53,000 They belong to those who have the to those to whom they have 144 00:07:53,000 --> 00:07:56,300 been allotted or more literally, for whom it has been prepared. 145 00:07:56,300 --> 00:07:59,200 So Jesus says, there will be people who have the highest 146 00:07:59,200 --> 00:08:02,400 positions in the Kingdom, but they've already been allotted to 147 00:08:02,400 --> 00:08:05,100 people, or they belong to those to whom the father will allot 148 00:08:05,100 --> 00:08:07,800 them. Now, interestingly NT Wright, 149 00:08:07,800 --> 00:08:10,600 the famous New Testament scholar, has an interesting view 150 00:08:10,600 --> 00:08:12,500 about this verse, and he could be right. 151 00:08:12,800 --> 00:08:15,600 So he says, let's think carefully about what James and 152 00:08:15,600 --> 00:08:19,300 John asking for their asking to sit at his right and left hand. 153 00:08:20,700 --> 00:08:22,300 In when Jesus comes in his kingdom. 154 00:08:22,300 --> 00:08:24,100 Now, when does Jesus come in his kingdom? 155 00:08:24,100 --> 00:08:27,200 Well, arguably, that happens at different times, but certainly, 156 00:08:27,200 --> 00:08:30,500 one of the key moments. And certainly, Jesus moment of 157 00:08:30,500 --> 00:08:33,400 being thrown meant is on the cross when he dies on the cross, 158 00:08:33,400 --> 00:08:36,200 that's in a sense when Jesus comes as king. 159 00:08:36,799 --> 00:08:40,700 So NT Wright says that the seats on his right, and his left have 160 00:08:40,700 --> 00:08:44,400 actually been allocated to the criminals on the right and left 161 00:08:44,400 --> 00:08:46,800 of Jesus. When he's on the cross, those 162 00:08:46,800 --> 00:08:49,600 who were crucified on either side of him, which kind of makes 163 00:08:49,600 --> 00:08:52,700 sense because This comes as King when he dies on the cross, 164 00:08:52,700 --> 00:08:54,300 certainly, he's presented as Kingman. 165 00:08:54,700 --> 00:08:57,700 And there's people who are literally on his right and his 166 00:08:57,700 --> 00:09:00,100 left at that time. That's an intriguing 167 00:09:00,100 --> 00:09:02,800 possibility. Maybe Jesus here is thinking of 168 00:09:02,800 --> 00:09:05,200 the criminals who were going to be crucified on either side of 169 00:09:05,208 --> 00:09:07,300 him. It's an interesting view. 170 00:09:07,300 --> 00:09:09,900 It could be right. I'm not sure that it's the right 171 00:09:09,900 --> 00:09:13,800 view personally because at least one of the criminals who were 172 00:09:13,800 --> 00:09:17,000 crucified with Jesus, is apparently a destined for 173 00:09:17,000 --> 00:09:20,300 Eternal damnation because he insults Jesus on the cross. 174 00:09:20,400 --> 00:09:25,100 And so it's still interesting to think about though, verse 41, 175 00:09:25,300 --> 00:09:28,700 when the other 10 heard this, they began to feel indignant 176 00:09:28,700 --> 00:09:31,900 with James and John. So the other Apostles get 177 00:09:31,900 --> 00:09:34,600 annoyed here at James and John either because they think James 178 00:09:34,600 --> 00:09:38,300 and John are being rude or because they themselves, want 179 00:09:38,300 --> 00:09:41,000 the positions of being at the right and left hand of Jesus 180 00:09:41,700 --> 00:09:44,400 verse 42. So Jesus called to him, to call 181 00:09:44,400 --> 00:09:48,000 to them and said to them. So Jesus is going to call them 182 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:51,700 again the 12 and he often does this He perceives that there's 183 00:09:51,700 --> 00:09:54,300 some sort of problem or misunderstanding among the 184 00:09:54,300 --> 00:09:55,800 apostles. So he's going to clarify 185 00:09:55,800 --> 00:09:58,700 something. He says to them, you know, that 186 00:09:58,700 --> 00:10:03,000 among the pagans the so-called rulers Lord it over them and 187 00:10:03,000 --> 00:10:07,200 their great men, make their Authority felt you can trains 188 00:10:07,200 --> 00:10:09,700 like this. The Great Men exercise authority 189 00:10:09,700 --> 00:10:11,800 over them. And basically, this is how the 190 00:10:11,800 --> 00:10:14,500 Roman rulers worked. They were very authoritative. 191 00:10:14,600 --> 00:10:17,100 They were quite brutal. In fact, that's how most rulers 192 00:10:17,100 --> 00:10:20,000 in the ancient world worked. So Jesus says to them, you know, 193 00:10:20,000 --> 00:10:24,300 what the The most rulers are like, but then in verse 43, this 194 00:10:24,300 --> 00:10:28,600 is not to happen among you. So Jesus, here is using this as 195 00:10:28,600 --> 00:10:31,900 a teaching opportunity to describe what he wants 196 00:10:32,200 --> 00:10:34,900 leadership to look like in the kingdom of God. 197 00:10:34,900 --> 00:10:37,400 Basically, it's servant leadership, Jesus. 198 00:10:37,400 --> 00:10:41,500 He says there's no place for self-promotion or rivalry among 199 00:10:41,500 --> 00:10:43,400 his Apostles, which is what they're currently doing. 200 00:10:43,600 --> 00:10:46,400 He says, if you're going to be the Future Leaders of my church, 201 00:10:46,700 --> 00:10:48,700 there's no place for this kind of attitude. 202 00:10:49,100 --> 00:10:52,600 You need to be servant. And then Jesus gets even 203 00:10:52,600 --> 00:10:56,200 stronger in verse 44. He says to them anyone who wants 204 00:10:56,200 --> 00:10:59,600 to become great among you. So Jesus says anyone who wants 205 00:10:59,600 --> 00:11:03,500 to have a position of authority in the kingdom of God, must be 206 00:11:03,500 --> 00:11:07,500 your servant and anyone who wants to be first among you must 207 00:11:07,500 --> 00:11:12,200 be slave to all. So Jesus says, if you want to be 208 00:11:12,200 --> 00:11:14,700 great in the kingdom of God and indeed, there will be people who 209 00:11:14,700 --> 00:11:18,300 are great in the kingdom of God. You need to serve others 210 00:11:18,300 --> 00:11:20,200 selflessly, not Lord it over them. 211 00:11:20,400 --> 00:11:23,300 M. Now to be a slave to all that's 212 00:11:23,300 --> 00:11:25,500 a pretty tall order. Jesus says, you have to be the 213 00:11:25,500 --> 00:11:29,700 servant of all men that would not be easy for them to swallow. 214 00:11:30,400 --> 00:11:34,200 But Jesus says that's how meerut before God is gained in the 215 00:11:34,200 --> 00:11:36,800 kingdom. And in fact, Paul himself in the 216 00:11:37,300 --> 00:11:41,000 later New Testament letters would describe his own Ministry 217 00:11:41,000 --> 00:11:43,800 in similar terms. He describes himself as a slave 218 00:11:43,800 --> 00:11:47,900 to all he says that in 1 Corinthians 9 verse 19 in also, 219 00:11:47,900 --> 00:11:51,600 Second Corinthians 4, verse 5, So certainly, the early 220 00:11:51,600 --> 00:11:54,400 Christians did understand their Ministry to be kind of like a 221 00:11:55,000 --> 00:12:00,200 universal servanthood. And then, in verse 45, Jesus is 222 00:12:00,200 --> 00:12:03,000 going to explain why it's important that they're like 223 00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:05,500 servants. He says, for the son of man, 224 00:12:05,500 --> 00:12:09,300 himself did not come to be served, but to serve, and to 225 00:12:09,300 --> 00:12:11,400 give his life as a ransom for many. 226 00:12:12,000 --> 00:12:13,400 So, let's pull apart this phrase. 227 00:12:13,400 --> 00:12:17,300 It's quite a famous One. So the first word here is for, 228 00:12:17,600 --> 00:12:21,100 so Jesus is going to explain that, what he's just said about, 229 00:12:21,100 --> 00:12:24,100 what the apostles need to be. Like he says the Apostle should 230 00:12:24,100 --> 00:12:28,000 act like this because the very King of the Kingdom himself acts 231 00:12:28,000 --> 00:12:31,200 like this. The son of man himself did not 232 00:12:31,200 --> 00:12:32,900 come. So the son of man means the 233 00:12:32,900 --> 00:12:35,700 Messiah. Jesus here is going to say the 234 00:12:35,700 --> 00:12:39,800 Messiah came from God, but he did not come to be served like 235 00:12:39,800 --> 00:12:42,100 the Earthly rulers that they were familiar with. 236 00:12:42,900 --> 00:12:45,000 Rather. He came to serve. 237 00:12:45,900 --> 00:12:47,800 This is pretty profound. If you think about it, the 238 00:12:47,800 --> 00:12:51,800 Messiah came not to be served but to serve the common Jewish 239 00:12:51,800 --> 00:12:53,500 View at the time. Was that the Messiah would 240 00:12:53,500 --> 00:12:56,000 basically be kind of like an authoritative ruler. 241 00:12:56,400 --> 00:12:58,400 Jesus says, no, he's come to serve. 242 00:12:59,100 --> 00:13:02,600 Jesus came to heal people and deliver them from bondage not to 243 00:13:02,600 --> 00:13:05,900 make people slaves. In fact, the word here for serve 244 00:13:05,900 --> 00:13:09,400 is dire Konya, which of course is where we get the word Deacon 245 00:13:09,400 --> 00:13:13,200 from Jesus himself is the first Deacon, which is interesting. 246 00:13:14,500 --> 00:13:18,200 And he says, even further, the son of man came to give his 247 00:13:18,200 --> 00:13:22,300 life, which of course, happens on the cross as a ransom for 248 00:13:22,300 --> 00:13:25,600 many. Ransom is an interesting term. 249 00:13:25,600 --> 00:13:29,200 It's a legal metaphor to pay a ransom in that culture. 250 00:13:29,200 --> 00:13:32,700 Basically meant paying the captur a sum of money. 251 00:13:32,800 --> 00:13:34,800 In order to set the captives free. 252 00:13:36,200 --> 00:13:38,200 This has been interpreted different ways in terms of 253 00:13:38,200 --> 00:13:40,900 atonement for eulogy. Certainly, the starting point we 254 00:13:40,900 --> 00:13:43,800 need to think about is, how is this used in the Old Testament? 255 00:13:43,800 --> 00:13:48,000 Well, God himself says that he has ransomed his people in the 256 00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:50,400 Old Testament. He says his Ransom them from 257 00:13:50,400 --> 00:13:53,300 slavery in Egypt. That's in Deuteronomy chapter 7 258 00:13:53,300 --> 00:13:58,500 and also, So, Isaiah 35:10. So God himself is the one who 259 00:13:58,500 --> 00:14:00,700 ransoms his people in the Old Testament. 260 00:14:00,700 --> 00:14:04,000 He's the one who gives of himself to redeem his people 261 00:14:04,000 --> 00:14:06,900 from their slavery. So there must be a similar thing 262 00:14:06,900 --> 00:14:10,300 going on here. Jesus himself is giving of 263 00:14:10,308 --> 00:14:12,800 himself in order to set his people free. 264 00:14:14,000 --> 00:14:16,300 So Jesus here is saying that by his death. 265 00:14:16,400 --> 00:14:20,300 He will set people free. So, the question there is, what 266 00:14:20,300 --> 00:14:22,900 is he setting them free from? Because they're not really in 267 00:14:22,900 --> 00:14:25,800 Exile in A sense they are but that's not really the big issue. 268 00:14:26,400 --> 00:14:29,800 What he's doing is he's setting them free from their exile to 269 00:14:29,800 --> 00:14:33,800 sin his. The Israel that the Israelites 270 00:14:33,800 --> 00:14:37,800 the Jewish people were currently in bondage to sin and Jesus has 271 00:14:37,800 --> 00:14:40,800 come to set them free from that on the cross. 272 00:14:42,700 --> 00:14:46,400 Who is he paying the debt to? So, normally, with this idea of 273 00:14:47,800 --> 00:14:50,800 paying a ransom, you usually paying to a particular person. 274 00:14:51,200 --> 00:14:55,300 So, you could interpret this to say that Jesus is paying a debt 275 00:14:55,300 --> 00:14:57,300 to God himself. God, the father. 276 00:14:57,300 --> 00:15:00,100 That's who Jesus pays the debt, to, on the cross, to set his 277 00:15:00,100 --> 00:15:02,300 people free. That's certainly possible. 278 00:15:02,300 --> 00:15:05,400 You can interpret that in, in a good way. 279 00:15:05,400 --> 00:15:08,000 That's possible. But I think it's more likely 280 00:15:08,000 --> 00:15:11,400 that if Jesus is paying a debt to anyone on the cross, it is 281 00:15:11,600 --> 00:15:16,200 Needed to Satan in a sense by living a life and death of 282 00:15:16,200 --> 00:15:19,600 obedience Jesus. In a sense wins the right to 283 00:15:19,600 --> 00:15:22,700 redeem people from Satan and bring them into the kingdom of 284 00:15:22,700 --> 00:15:25,100 God. Now, even if we take that 285 00:15:25,100 --> 00:15:27,200 interpretation, that he's paying a debt to Satan. 286 00:15:27,700 --> 00:15:31,100 It's not because Jesus owes anything to Satan because Jesus, 287 00:15:31,100 --> 00:15:34,100 of course, ranks, higher than Satan a far higher than Satan, 288 00:15:34,600 --> 00:15:37,700 but you could see it is his voluntarily laying down his life 289 00:15:37,800 --> 00:15:41,000 in order to take them out of the kingdom of Satan and the kingdom 290 00:15:41,000 --> 00:15:43,200 of sin. In into the kingdom of 291 00:15:43,200 --> 00:15:44,900 righteousness. That is certainly the New 292 00:15:44,900 --> 00:15:49,300 Testament view, of course, all of this would link to the image 293 00:15:49,300 --> 00:15:52,600 of the suffering servant in Isaiah 52 and 53. 294 00:15:53,100 --> 00:15:56,300 We're in that. In those chapters of Isaiah, the 295 00:15:56,300 --> 00:15:58,300 servant. The Messiah is going to make 296 00:15:58,300 --> 00:16:00,600 many people righteous. It actually says there. 297 00:16:00,700 --> 00:16:04,500 He'll make many righteous and remit the sins of many by 298 00:16:04,500 --> 00:16:06,500 bearing their afflictions. Clearly. 299 00:16:06,500 --> 00:16:09,800 It has here, the Messiah in View, and we always need to keep 300 00:16:09,800 --> 00:16:11,400 in mind to you that Jesus on the cross. 301 00:16:11,500 --> 00:16:13,800 Is acting as a representative of Israel. 302 00:16:14,700 --> 00:16:17,900 Israel had become quite sinful and that's in a sense why they 303 00:16:17,900 --> 00:16:21,900 were in Exile under the Romans and Israel them self represented 304 00:16:21,900 --> 00:16:25,300 the whole world. So when Jesus is said to die for 305 00:16:25,300 --> 00:16:27,900 the sins of the Whole World Hears, he can say that because 306 00:16:27,900 --> 00:16:31,100 he is Israel's representative. And by extension his the 307 00:16:31,100 --> 00:16:34,300 representative of all mankind. It's a really interesting 308 00:16:34,300 --> 00:16:36,100 theology here. I'd encourage you to check it 309 00:16:36,100 --> 00:16:39,500 out and I think the best book for this is NT Wright's book, 310 00:16:39,500 --> 00:16:41,400 The Day, The Revolution began it. 311 00:16:41,500 --> 00:16:45,900 He unpacks this idea of Jesus, being the representative 312 00:16:45,900 --> 00:16:49,200 sacrifice on the cross and what that means in terms of Israel 313 00:16:49,200 --> 00:16:52,700 and the world and redeeming them from the slavery of sin. 314 00:16:52,700 --> 00:16:56,000 It's quite an interesting book. Notice here. 315 00:16:56,000 --> 00:17:00,500 Jesus says, he's come to be a ransom to give his life as a 316 00:17:00,500 --> 00:17:03,200 ransom for many. Now that's a Jewish way of 317 00:17:03,200 --> 00:17:07,099 saying lots of people. Now it probably does mean 318 00:17:07,099 --> 00:17:10,300 something like for the sins of the whole world has come to die 319 00:17:10,300 --> 00:17:13,300 for the sins of the whole world. Of course, that doesn't mean 320 00:17:13,300 --> 00:17:17,700 that everyone is saved. Really interesting passage. 321 00:17:17,700 --> 00:17:19,900 We've looked at today. Let's now turn to the catechism 322 00:17:20,099 --> 00:17:23,400 paragraph, 536 is about Jesus, own baptism, and here, it's 323 00:17:23,400 --> 00:17:27,599 going to link to the suffering of Jesus death, which is in a 324 00:17:27,608 --> 00:17:31,300 sense, a baptism, according to Mark chapter 10, the baptism of 325 00:17:31,300 --> 00:17:35,000 Jesus is on his part, the acceptance and inauguration of 326 00:17:35,000 --> 00:17:37,900 his mission as God's suffering servant. 327 00:17:38,000 --> 00:17:40,600 He allows himself to be numbered among Sinners. 328 00:17:40,800 --> 00:17:43,900 He is already the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the 329 00:17:43,908 --> 00:17:46,300 world already. He is anticipating. 330 00:17:46,400 --> 00:17:48,500 Painting. The baptism of his bloody death 331 00:17:49,100 --> 00:17:51,300 already. He is coming to fulfill all 332 00:17:51,300 --> 00:17:53,800 righteousness. That is he is submitting 333 00:17:53,800 --> 00:17:56,000 himself. Entirely to his father's will 334 00:17:56,700 --> 00:17:59,200 out of love. He consents to this baptism of 335 00:17:59,200 --> 00:18:01,700 death for the remission of our sins. 336 00:18:02,700 --> 00:18:06,300 So that's quite a nice paragraph about how Jesus baptism is a 337 00:18:06,308 --> 00:18:10,100 foreshadowing of his own death. Again on the same theme, 338 00:18:10,100 --> 00:18:14,600 paragraph 1 to 25 in his Passover Christ, open to all 339 00:18:14,600 --> 00:18:18,600 man, the Fountain of baptism. He had already spoken of his 340 00:18:18,600 --> 00:18:22,100 passion, which he was about to suffer in Jerusalem as a baptism 341 00:18:22,100 --> 00:18:25,500 with, which he had to be baptized the blood and water 342 00:18:25,500 --> 00:18:28,800 that flowed from the pierced side of the crucified Jesus a 343 00:18:28,800 --> 00:18:31,300 types of baptism. And the Eucharist, the 344 00:18:31,300 --> 00:18:34,800 sacraments of new life from, then on it is possible to be 345 00:18:34,800 --> 00:18:38,000 born of water and the spirit in order to enter the kingdom of 346 00:18:38,000 --> 00:18:41,800 God. See where you are, baptized see 347 00:18:41,800 --> 00:18:45,200 where baptism comes from. If not from the Cross of Christ 348 00:18:45,200 --> 00:18:48,100 from his death. There is the whole mystery. 349 00:18:48,100 --> 00:18:51,500 He died for you in him. You are redeemed in him. 350 00:18:51,500 --> 00:18:56,500 You are saved. Paragraph 618 is about how we 351 00:18:56,500 --> 00:18:58,200 participate in Christ's sacrifice. 352 00:18:58,600 --> 00:19:02,100 He calls his disciples to take up their cross and follow him 353 00:19:02,600 --> 00:19:05,000 for Christ. Suffered for us leaving us an 354 00:19:05,000 --> 00:19:07,500 example that we should follow in his steps. 355 00:19:08,000 --> 00:19:10,700 So that they're, of course, links to what Jesus says about. 356 00:19:10,700 --> 00:19:12,900 You need to suffer if you're going to be my disciple. 357 00:19:14,100 --> 00:19:16,900 Paragraph 1551. This is about the priesthood. 358 00:19:16,900 --> 00:19:20,800 The sacrament of the priesthood. The priesthood is ministerial 359 00:19:21,300 --> 00:19:24,000 that office which the Lord committed to the pastures of his 360 00:19:24,000 --> 00:19:27,500 people is in the strict sense of the term, a service. 361 00:19:28,100 --> 00:19:32,200 It is entirely related to Christ and to men, it depends entirely 362 00:19:32,200 --> 00:19:34,600 on Christ and on his unique priesthood. 363 00:19:35,000 --> 00:19:37,800 It has been instituted for the good of man and the communion of 364 00:19:37,800 --> 00:19:40,300 the church. The sacrament of holy orders, 365 00:19:40,300 --> 00:19:43,100 communicates a sacred power, which is none. 366 00:19:43,100 --> 00:19:44,600 Other than that. Christ. 367 00:19:44,800 --> 00:19:48,600 The exercise of this Authority must therefore be measured 368 00:19:48,800 --> 00:19:52,700 against the model of Christ who by love made himself, the least 369 00:19:52,800 --> 00:19:57,700 and the servant of all. So here, when Jesus says, you 370 00:19:57,700 --> 00:20:00,500 need to be the servant of all the Catholic Church teaches 371 00:20:00,500 --> 00:20:03,500 that, that's how priests should be in their role as priests. 372 00:20:03,500 --> 00:20:08,500 They are to serve all people just as Jesus did paragraph six 373 00:20:08,500 --> 00:20:11,700 or eight is about the lamb who takes away the sin of the world. 374 00:20:12,600 --> 00:20:13,800 And here, we're going to here mark. 375 00:20:13,900 --> 00:20:17,600 Chapter 10 quoted after agreeing to baptize him along with 376 00:20:17,600 --> 00:20:21,200 Sinners John, the Baptist look to Jesus and pointed him out as 377 00:20:21,200 --> 00:20:25,200 the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the World by doing. 378 00:20:25,200 --> 00:20:27,700 So he reveals it. Jesus is at the same time, the 379 00:20:27,700 --> 00:20:31,300 suffering servant, who silently allows himself to be led to the 380 00:20:31,300 --> 00:20:35,500 slaughter and who Bears, the sin of the multitudes and also the 381 00:20:35,500 --> 00:20:38,900 Paschal Lamb, the symbol of Israel's Redemption at the first 382 00:20:38,900 --> 00:20:44,300 Passover, Christ's whole life expresses his mission to Serve 383 00:20:44,300 --> 00:20:46,700 and to give his life as a ransom for many. 384 00:20:48,300 --> 00:20:51,400 Last paragraph is a paragraph 1570. 385 00:20:51,400 --> 00:20:55,100 This is about the ordination of deacons deacons share in 386 00:20:55,100 --> 00:20:57,700 Christ's Mission and Grace in a special way. 387 00:20:58,200 --> 00:21:01,900 The sacrament of holy orders, marks them with an imprint 388 00:21:02,100 --> 00:21:05,200 character, which cannot be removed and which configures 389 00:21:05,200 --> 00:21:09,700 them to Christ who made himself the Deacon or servant of all, 390 00:21:10,500 --> 00:21:13,600 so, remember here in the Greek, it literally says that Jesus has 391 00:21:13,600 --> 00:21:16,700 come to be the Deacon of all. So the deacons in the Catholic 392 00:21:16,700 --> 00:21:18,300 church are too. Oh, Jesus. 393 00:21:18,900 --> 00:21:21,200 So many interesting paragraphs that we've looked at today. 394 00:21:21,200 --> 00:21:24,000 I'll try to include all of these in the show notes, which you can 395 00:21:24,000 --> 00:21:27,000 find in the episode description. If you've enjoyed today's 396 00:21:27,000 --> 00:21:31,300 episode, please share it around. Subscribe on iTunes and on 397 00:21:31,300 --> 00:21:34,200 YouTube as well. And please keep leaving positive 398 00:21:34,200 --> 00:21:35,800 reviews. It really does make a 399 00:21:35,800 --> 00:21:39,000 difference, will continue in Mark, chapter 10 in the coming 400 00:21:39,000 --> 00:21:39,500 days.