1 00:00:11,000 --> 00:00:13,700 Hi everyone. This is the podcast where we as 2 00:00:13,700 --> 00:00:16,600 Catholics take a look at the Gospel reading, which we were 3 00:00:16,600 --> 00:00:21,000 here in the massive today, and the aim of this podcast is to 4 00:00:21,000 --> 00:00:24,700 help you understand the context, what is, what were the words, 5 00:00:24,700 --> 00:00:27,600 meaning in the original context, what was the author trying to 6 00:00:27,600 --> 00:00:29,200 get at? So that's called looking at the 7 00:00:29,200 --> 00:00:32,600 literal sense. Some of the text and today the 8 00:00:32,600 --> 00:00:36,200 passage we're looking at. If you go to Mass is from John 9 00:00:36,200 --> 00:00:41,800 chapter, 21, verses 15 to 19. So let's start by reading out 10 00:00:41,800 --> 00:00:46,100 that whole passage. Jesus showed himself to his 11 00:00:46,100 --> 00:00:49,400 disciples. And after they had eaten, he 12 00:00:49,400 --> 00:00:52,700 said to Simon Peter, Simon, son of John. 13 00:00:52,900 --> 00:00:55,600 Do you love me? More than these others do? 14 00:00:56,900 --> 00:00:59,700 He answered. Yes Lord you know I love you. 15 00:01:00,900 --> 00:01:03,900 Jesus said to him, feed my Lambs. 16 00:01:05,000 --> 00:01:08,600 A second time he said to him Simon son of John. 17 00:01:09,200 --> 00:01:12,600 Do you love me? He replied yes. 18 00:01:12,600 --> 00:01:18,200 Lord you know I love you. Jesus said to him look after my 19 00:01:18,200 --> 00:01:21,100 sheep. Then he said to him a third 20 00:01:21,100 --> 00:01:23,500 time. Simon son of John. 21 00:01:24,000 --> 00:01:28,400 Do you love me? Peter was upset that he asked 22 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:32,800 him, the third time, do you love me and said Lord, you know 23 00:01:32,800 --> 00:01:35,000 everything, you know, I love you. 24 00:01:36,300 --> 00:01:39,000 Jesus said to him, feed my sheep. 25 00:01:40,200 --> 00:01:44,000 I tell you most solemnly when you were young you put on your 26 00:01:44,000 --> 00:01:48,500 own belt and walked where you liked but when you grow old you 27 00:01:48,500 --> 00:01:52,400 will stretch out your hands and somebody else will put a belt 28 00:01:52,400 --> 00:01:55,800 around you and take you where you would not rather go. 29 00:01:57,700 --> 00:02:01,100 In these words he indicated the kind of death by which Peter 30 00:02:01,100 --> 00:02:03,300 would Glory would give glory to God. 31 00:02:04,700 --> 00:02:12,900 After this, he said, follow me. So there's probably many of you 32 00:02:12,900 --> 00:02:15,700 would have heard this passage. And perhaps, you've heard this 33 00:02:15,700 --> 00:02:19,100 idea that when Jesus says, do you love me the three different 34 00:02:19,100 --> 00:02:20,700 times? There's different Greek words 35 00:02:20,700 --> 00:02:25,000 used and that that has some sort of significance in terms of the 36 00:02:25,000 --> 00:02:27,300 kind of love Jesus is asking from Peter. 37 00:02:27,500 --> 00:02:29,600 We'll talk about that theory because it's quite a popular 38 00:02:29,600 --> 00:02:34,200 one, but it may not be correct. But as always, let's start by 39 00:02:34,200 --> 00:02:38,400 talking about the context, we're in John chapter 21 which is the 40 00:02:38,400 --> 00:02:40,500 final chapter of the Gospel of John. 41 00:02:41,100 --> 00:02:43,100 By analogies is has risen from the dead. 42 00:02:43,100 --> 00:02:46,200 And he's already appeared to the apostles several times. 43 00:02:47,000 --> 00:02:50,800 At the start of chapter 21, the disciples are at the Sea of 44 00:02:50,800 --> 00:02:52,800 Galilee waiting for Jesus to appear. 45 00:02:53,000 --> 00:02:57,000 He told them to meet him at the Sea of Galilee, but he hasn't 46 00:02:57,000 --> 00:02:59,000 told them when exactly he's going to appear. 47 00:02:59,000 --> 00:03:01,800 So, they decide to go fishing while they wait. 48 00:03:02,300 --> 00:03:05,100 And all of a sudden he appears on the shore and he cook some 49 00:03:05,100 --> 00:03:09,400 breakfast. So Jesus, Peter realizes that 50 00:03:09,400 --> 00:03:12,900 Jesus is on the shore and he jumps into the water to swim to 51 00:03:12,900 --> 00:03:15,700 Jesus. So you can hear that particular 52 00:03:16,500 --> 00:03:19,200 Gospel reading on Easter Friday every year. 53 00:03:19,200 --> 00:03:22,800 So the Friday following Easter, and it's also on the third 54 00:03:22,800 --> 00:03:25,900 Sunday of Easter in a year C, and it's well worth reading that 55 00:03:25,900 --> 00:03:30,300 passage because of the conversation, that they will 56 00:03:30,300 --> 00:03:32,200 having the apostles amongst themselves. 57 00:03:32,300 --> 00:03:35,300 Elves leads directly into the conversation that we see today. 58 00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:39,700 Now there is a church if you go today to the Sea of Galilee, 59 00:03:41,000 --> 00:03:43,200 There is a church which commemorates this scene, the 60 00:03:43,208 --> 00:03:46,400 conversation between Jesus and Peter and it's called The Church 61 00:03:46,400 --> 00:03:49,700 of the Primacy of Saint Peter and it's right there on the 62 00:03:49,700 --> 00:03:53,600 shoreline and in fact the altar there's a big rock at the altar 63 00:03:53,600 --> 00:03:56,900 there and that is believed to be the very spot where Jesus cooked 64 00:03:56,900 --> 00:04:00,200 the breakfast. So it's well worth going to see 65 00:04:00,500 --> 00:04:03,600 and it really does help give you some context for what this 66 00:04:03,600 --> 00:04:06,600 conversation might have looked like, now, this text we're 67 00:04:06,600 --> 00:04:11,000 looking at along with Matthew 16 where Jesus says on this A rock. 68 00:04:11,000 --> 00:04:14,700 I will build my church. These are the two primary texts 69 00:04:14,900 --> 00:04:20,500 which the Vatican one Council used to support the teaching 70 00:04:20,500 --> 00:04:22,500 that Jesus made Peter, the first pope. 71 00:04:22,600 --> 00:04:25,500 So this conversation, we're about to see here is quite 72 00:04:25,500 --> 00:04:30,300 significant in terms of Peters roll verse 15 after they had 73 00:04:30,300 --> 00:04:32,400 eaten. So Jesus has just cooked them 74 00:04:32,400 --> 00:04:34,700 breakfast. And this probably would have 75 00:04:34,700 --> 00:04:37,200 been quite a joyful meal, a strange meal for them because 76 00:04:37,200 --> 00:04:39,100 they're not 100% sure if it's Jesus. 77 00:04:39,100 --> 00:04:42,200 But also joyful in Why? Because they had been waiting 78 00:04:42,200 --> 00:04:44,900 for him to appear for quite some time. 79 00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:50,000 He said to Simon Peter. So notice the Jesus initiates, 80 00:04:50,000 --> 00:04:53,800 the conversation which is interesting because at this 81 00:04:53,800 --> 00:04:57,700 point Peter is still kind of, you could say in the bad books 82 00:04:57,700 --> 00:05:01,500 with Jesus, because he denied Jesus three times and that 83 00:05:01,500 --> 00:05:04,300 hasn't been reconciled yet. But here Jesus Takes the 84 00:05:04,300 --> 00:05:09,000 initiative that shows his mercy and concern for Peter, even 85 00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:12,700 though Peter is still still separated from him in a way. 86 00:05:14,100 --> 00:05:17,300 Remember the last time Jesus had a personal conversation with 87 00:05:17,300 --> 00:05:20,400 Peter was before Jesus? Death, and Jesus predicted that 88 00:05:20,400 --> 00:05:22,400 Peter would portray him three times. 89 00:05:24,100 --> 00:05:27,000 The conversation that we're about to see is basically 90 00:05:27,000 --> 00:05:30,800 repairing the damage that was done by that last conversation, 91 00:05:30,900 --> 00:05:34,700 repairing, the damage that Peter caused by his betraying. 92 00:05:34,700 --> 00:05:38,000 Jesus, three times what we'll see here. 93 00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:40,600 Is that Jesus is Calling Peter to repent. 94 00:05:41,300 --> 00:05:44,700 This conversation is a call for Peter to really think about 95 00:05:44,700 --> 00:05:48,500 Jesus and to repent and to come back to him and therefore, if 96 00:05:48,500 --> 00:05:52,100 Peter takes up this call, it's effectively restoring Peter's 97 00:05:52,100 --> 00:05:56,700 place as the leader of the It's rain stating him as the leader 98 00:05:58,200 --> 00:06:01,800 and the way, we know that that's probably what's going on that 99 00:06:01,800 --> 00:06:05,300 there is a connection between the scene, where Peter denies, 100 00:06:05,300 --> 00:06:08,000 Jesus, three times and this particular scene, there's a few 101 00:06:08,000 --> 00:06:11,100 interesting features. So firstly, the obvious one, 102 00:06:11,300 --> 00:06:16,500 Peter denies, Jesus three times and here he's going to affirm 103 00:06:16,500 --> 00:06:20,700 Jesus three times. Also, this is interesting Peter 104 00:06:20,700 --> 00:06:23,300 denied, Jesus near a charcoal fire. 105 00:06:23,300 --> 00:06:26,500 And you can see that in chapter 18, verse 8, that's when Jesus, 106 00:06:26,700 --> 00:06:31,500 that's when Peter denies Jesus and here in this scene, they're 107 00:06:31,500 --> 00:06:34,300 having breakfast over a charcoal fire. 108 00:06:36,800 --> 00:06:40,400 And also Jesus calls Peter Simon, which is interesting 109 00:06:40,400 --> 00:06:45,600 because not all the time, but Jesus usually calls Simon Peter. 110 00:06:45,600 --> 00:06:50,900 After Matthew 16, the fact that Jesus, he chooses to call Peter 111 00:06:50,900 --> 00:06:56,100 Simon indicates that Jesus is deliberately using his old name, 112 00:06:56,100 --> 00:07:02,000 because he's still in that kind of Old State of sin, which he 113 00:07:02,000 --> 00:07:04,800 was before, he was promoted to being the chief Apostle. 114 00:07:04,800 --> 00:07:08,900 So it's like he's out of Far with Jesus, but by the end of 115 00:07:08,900 --> 00:07:11,400 the conversation, he kind of goes back to being Peter, that 116 00:07:11,400 --> 00:07:14,300 seems to be the idea of the way, the names are used. 117 00:07:15,100 --> 00:07:20,700 So here verse 15, Jesus calls, Peter Simon, son of John or son 118 00:07:20,700 --> 00:07:22,500 of Jonah. As some translations, have it. 119 00:07:22,500 --> 00:07:26,500 That's his father's name. Do you love me? 120 00:07:26,500 --> 00:07:29,700 More than these others do? Now, that's an interesting 121 00:07:29,700 --> 00:07:34,000 question to ask Peter. Let's think about what love 122 00:07:34,000 --> 00:07:36,600 means, although love can have different meanings, depending on 123 00:07:36,600 --> 00:07:39,000 the word, that's used generally in the New Testament. 124 00:07:39,000 --> 00:07:44,400 Love means want to serve and do good for so effectively. 125 00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:49,700 Jesus is asking Peter, do you want to serve and do good for me 126 00:07:49,800 --> 00:07:53,200 more than the other Apostles do in effect? 127 00:07:53,200 --> 00:07:55,600 It's a question. Are you worthy to be the leader 128 00:07:55,600 --> 00:07:57,900 of the Apostles? Because if is the leader, he's 129 00:07:57,900 --> 00:08:01,400 going to have to want to do good for Jesus more than the other 130 00:08:01,400 --> 00:08:04,600 Apostles are. Keep in mind, all the things 131 00:08:04,600 --> 00:08:07,500 that Peter has said about himself earlier, Peter earlier 132 00:08:07,500 --> 00:08:09,700 had claimed that he would never leave Jesus. 133 00:08:09,700 --> 00:08:12,600 Even if the other Apostles do you can see that in Matthew 134 00:08:12,600 --> 00:08:15,000 26:30? 3, Peter said I will never leave 135 00:08:15,000 --> 00:08:18,300 you. So maybe Jesus is deliberately 136 00:08:19,200 --> 00:08:21,000 seeing. If that really is the case, 137 00:08:22,000 --> 00:08:25,100 notice that Peters Primacy is presupposed all the way through 138 00:08:25,100 --> 00:08:27,600 this. This is a question for Peter. 139 00:08:27,800 --> 00:08:31,300 Jesus wants Peter to be restored to the leader of the Apostles. 140 00:08:31,300 --> 00:08:35,200 That's not even questioned. And none of the Gospel authors. 141 00:08:35,200 --> 00:08:37,200 In fact, pretty much no one in the early church. 142 00:08:37,200 --> 00:08:40,799 Questioned that Peter was in fact, the leader of the 143 00:08:40,799 --> 00:08:43,500 Apostles. So this is Peter's response the 144 00:08:43,500 --> 00:08:46,400 first time. Yes, Lord, you know I love you. 145 00:08:47,600 --> 00:08:50,200 Now notice Peter, doesn't actually answer the question 146 00:08:50,200 --> 00:08:52,700 directly. The question was remember, do 147 00:08:52,700 --> 00:08:54,500 you love me more than these others do? 148 00:08:55,000 --> 00:08:57,400 And Peter says yes Lord, you know, I love you. 149 00:08:58,600 --> 00:09:01,600 So maybe Peters thinking while look Jesus, I don't know if I 150 00:09:01,600 --> 00:09:02,900 love you more than the others do. 151 00:09:02,900 --> 00:09:06,000 But at least I know that I do love you, perhaps that's what 152 00:09:06,000 --> 00:09:09,400 Peter's thinking. Peter is probably also quite 153 00:09:09,400 --> 00:09:13,500 confused by the question because Peter knows that Jesus is the 154 00:09:13,500 --> 00:09:16,400 son of God. And so Peter knows that Jesus 155 00:09:16,400 --> 00:09:20,200 can read his mind and that Jesus would actually already know if 156 00:09:20,200 --> 00:09:23,300 Peter loves him or not. So he's probably a bit confused. 157 00:09:23,300 --> 00:09:24,500 Jesus, why are you asking me this? 158 00:09:24,500 --> 00:09:27,500 You already know the answer to the question, which indicates 159 00:09:27,500 --> 00:09:31,100 that Jesus is not seeking information because he can get 160 00:09:31,100 --> 00:09:34,700 whatever information he wants. He's giving an opportunity to 161 00:09:34,700 --> 00:09:39,900 Peter to be reinstated. Now, Jesus is about to start 162 00:09:39,900 --> 00:09:43,100 using the language of sheep and lambs and it's worth pointing 163 00:09:43,100 --> 00:09:45,600 out. Why Jesus does that remember in 164 00:09:45,600 --> 00:09:49,500 the parable of the Good Shepherd in chapter 10 and in that 165 00:09:49,500 --> 00:09:52,300 particular scene, Jesus is depicted as the shepherd. 166 00:09:52,300 --> 00:09:54,200 And the Sheep. Are those who follow Jesus? 167 00:09:54,200 --> 00:09:58,200 It's Jesus followers. Jesus now knows that he's going 168 00:09:58,200 --> 00:10:02,000 away, so he can't physically be present as the shepherd for the 169 00:10:02,000 --> 00:10:04,900 Sheep anymore. So he's going to entrust his 170 00:10:04,900 --> 00:10:08,600 sheep, his followers to other Ads, which are the apostles. 171 00:10:10,800 --> 00:10:13,700 Keep in mind that being a Shepherd requires a lot of hard 172 00:10:13,700 --> 00:10:15,800 work. Tending to the Sheep is not an 173 00:10:15,800 --> 00:10:18,600 easy job, it requires commitment and love. 174 00:10:18,600 --> 00:10:22,000 And effectively what he's doing here is he's asking Peter, if 175 00:10:22,000 --> 00:10:26,100 he's ready for the challenge of tending, the sheep and this 176 00:10:26,100 --> 00:10:28,700 language of religious leaders being Shepherds is actually 177 00:10:28,700 --> 00:10:30,000 quite common in the Old Testament. 178 00:10:30,000 --> 00:10:34,100 You can see it in second. Samuel five Ezekiel 34 and then 179 00:10:34,100 --> 00:10:39,100 later in 1 Peter 5 as well often, religious leaders of 180 00:10:39,100 --> 00:10:43,300 God's people are depicted as a shepherd Birds now, because here 181 00:10:43,300 --> 00:10:47,100 we're saying that Peter is going to become the primary Shepherd. 182 00:10:47,300 --> 00:10:49,100 After Jesus has gone back to Heaven. 183 00:10:49,300 --> 00:10:52,800 That does not detract from Jesus being the ultimate Chief 184 00:10:52,800 --> 00:10:56,500 Shepherd, in fact, Peter, even later says that the in 1, Peter 185 00:10:56,500 --> 00:11:00,600 5 chapter 4, Peter calls Jesus, the chief Shepherd. 186 00:11:00,700 --> 00:11:04,900 And so, even though Peter is the visible Shepherd of the church, 187 00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:09,300 He Shepherd nurse derives from Jesus shepherdess. 188 00:11:11,000 --> 00:11:14,100 So after Peters response is yes, Lord, you know, I love you. 189 00:11:14,100 --> 00:11:19,000 Jesus says feed my Lambs. So, the basic meaning, in 190 00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:23,900 context, when Jesus says feed my Lambs is well, then if it's true 191 00:11:23,900 --> 00:11:27,300 that you love me, Peter go feed my Lambs, so it's a command to 192 00:11:27,308 --> 00:11:31,200 Peter as the future leader of the Apostles to look after and 193 00:11:31,200 --> 00:11:34,200 protect Christian. Believers after Jesus is gone, 194 00:11:34,300 --> 00:11:36,000 it's a command. It's not a suggestion. 195 00:11:37,500 --> 00:11:39,800 Some people have tried to make some significance out of the 196 00:11:39,800 --> 00:11:42,800 fact that Jesus uses the word Lambs here and then later 197 00:11:42,800 --> 00:11:46,900 transitions to sheep and there could be But there probably 198 00:11:46,900 --> 00:11:52,700 isn't, as we'll see verse 16. Jesus is now going to ask the 199 00:11:52,700 --> 00:11:56,200 same question of second and a third time we need to keep in 200 00:11:56,200 --> 00:11:58,300 mind though that it might not have been straightaway. 201 00:11:58,300 --> 00:12:00,900 There might have been some small talk among the apostles as they 202 00:12:00,900 --> 00:12:03,600 continue to eat breakfast. At some point. 203 00:12:03,600 --> 00:12:07,400 It appears that Jesus and Peter got up and started walking away. 204 00:12:07,700 --> 00:12:09,700 They're having a private conversation but even then there 205 00:12:09,700 --> 00:12:11,600 could be some small talk in between. 206 00:12:12,600 --> 00:12:16,900 But eventually Jesus says Verse 16 a second time, he said to 207 00:12:16,908 --> 00:12:19,800 him, Simon son of John. Do you love me? 208 00:12:20,800 --> 00:12:23,000 Notice, this is a slightly different question. 209 00:12:23,000 --> 00:12:26,800 It would appear the first time it was, do you love me more than 210 00:12:26,800 --> 00:12:28,300 the other Apostles now, it's just. 211 00:12:28,300 --> 00:12:31,700 Do you love me? She Peters response. 212 00:12:31,700 --> 00:12:34,200 It's the exact same response. He gave the first time. 213 00:12:34,400 --> 00:12:36,200 Yes. Lord, you know, I love you. 214 00:12:36,800 --> 00:12:39,600 So Jesus says look after my sheep. 215 00:12:40,600 --> 00:12:44,700 So, the word sheep is, used this time verse 17, then he said to 216 00:12:44,708 --> 00:12:48,300 him a third time. Simon son of John, do you love 217 00:12:48,300 --> 00:12:50,500 me? This is the same as the 218 00:12:50,500 --> 00:12:53,800 question. He asked the second time this 219 00:12:53,800 --> 00:12:56,900 time, it says, Peter was upset that he asked him, the third 220 00:12:56,900 --> 00:12:58,400 time. Do you love me? 221 00:12:59,100 --> 00:13:03,400 So Peter is still upset that Jesus still doesn't is Pete a 222 00:13:03,400 --> 00:13:06,400 Jesus still isn't confident that Peter loves him. 223 00:13:07,600 --> 00:13:11,800 And so Peter says this time Lord you know everything, you know, I 224 00:13:11,800 --> 00:13:15,800 love you. Jesus already knows this, so 225 00:13:15,800 --> 00:13:18,600 Peter is wondering why he keeps asking Lord, you know 226 00:13:18,600 --> 00:13:19,900 everything, you know, I love you. 227 00:13:20,600 --> 00:13:23,000 So Jesus said to him, feed my sheep. 228 00:13:24,100 --> 00:13:27,300 Now I different word, here is used for feed compared to what 229 00:13:27,300 --> 00:13:30,900 was used this second time, the second time Peter was told to 230 00:13:30,900 --> 00:13:34,300 look after the Sheep. This time, he's told to feed my 231 00:13:34,300 --> 00:13:36,500 sheep. Perhaps, there's some 232 00:13:36,500 --> 00:13:40,200 significance here. Maybe Jesus is emphasizing that 233 00:13:40,200 --> 00:13:44,300 Peter that he wants Peter to protect the From the World. 234 00:13:44,600 --> 00:13:48,700 Perhaps that's what look after my shape means and maybe he also 235 00:13:48,700 --> 00:13:52,500 wants Peter to teach the disciples in that case. 236 00:13:52,800 --> 00:13:54,700 That's what feed my sheep would mean. 237 00:13:56,000 --> 00:13:58,600 Remember that Catholic teaching, is that Peter will be the first 238 00:13:58,600 --> 00:14:01,400 pope and he's effectively the prime minister of the kingdom of 239 00:14:01,400 --> 00:14:04,700 God on Earth. And if you haven't looked at 240 00:14:04,700 --> 00:14:07,600 Matthew chapter 16, there's some really interesting things going 241 00:14:07,600 --> 00:14:09,000 on there. In terms of Peters Prime 242 00:14:09,000 --> 00:14:12,100 ministership and the Old Testament context for that. 243 00:14:12,100 --> 00:14:14,700 You can go back and have a look through our podcast, archives, 244 00:14:14,700 --> 00:14:22,100 to find the Matthew 16 Passage But even then Peters Prime 245 00:14:22,100 --> 00:14:26,300 ministership derives, its energy and Foundation from love of 246 00:14:26,300 --> 00:14:27,900 Jesus. That's the source for 247 00:14:27,900 --> 00:14:30,600 everything. Now, let's talk a bit about the 248 00:14:30,600 --> 00:14:34,400 Greek words that are used here. Jesus has asked Peter three 249 00:14:34,400 --> 00:14:37,400 times, do you love me? And some people have made a big 250 00:14:37,400 --> 00:14:41,000 deal out of the different Greek words that are used for love. 251 00:14:42,100 --> 00:14:44,500 And that's possible. There is there might be 252 00:14:44,500 --> 00:14:48,500 something going on here. But let's, let's look at it. 253 00:14:48,500 --> 00:14:50,800 Keep in mind that Jesus spoke Aramaic. 254 00:14:50,900 --> 00:14:54,400 Okay, so when John wrote his gospel in Greek, he is writing a 255 00:14:54,400 --> 00:14:57,200 translation. So, Jesus would not have spoken 256 00:14:57,200 --> 00:15:01,200 Greek in, you know, in this actual conversation. 257 00:15:01,200 --> 00:15:03,700 So it's unlikely. That Jesus would have used 258 00:15:03,700 --> 00:15:07,100 different, Greek words. Sorry different words for love, 259 00:15:07,100 --> 00:15:10,400 but for whatever reason, John has chosen to use different 260 00:15:10,400 --> 00:15:12,500 Greek words for love throughout this passage. 261 00:15:12,500 --> 00:15:14,000 And let's talk about why this might be. 262 00:15:15,100 --> 00:15:18,300 So for the first and second, Kitchens, the first and second 263 00:15:18,300 --> 00:15:23,000 time, he questions, Peter, Jesus uses the word Agape, 04 love. 264 00:15:23,200 --> 00:15:26,600 And that's a derivative of a group, a, which in the New 265 00:15:26,600 --> 00:15:29,100 Testament, usually refers to God's love. 266 00:15:29,800 --> 00:15:32,200 So it could be. That Jesus is asking, Peter. 267 00:15:32,200 --> 00:15:37,900 Do you love me with God's love? Now, all three responses from 268 00:15:37,900 --> 00:15:39,700 Peter. So when Peter says yes, you 269 00:15:39,700 --> 00:15:43,600 know, I love you all three times as well, as Jesus, third 270 00:15:43,600 --> 00:15:47,900 question, a different Greek word is used, which is phileo. 271 00:15:48,800 --> 00:15:52,400 And that's basically refers to love between friends. 272 00:15:52,700 --> 00:15:56,700 So some have tried to distinguish the differences 273 00:15:56,700 --> 00:15:59,800 between these different Greek words for love. 274 00:16:00,900 --> 00:16:03,500 If Jesus asked the first and second time, do you a Gap? 275 00:16:03,500 --> 00:16:06,300 A me. And every time, Peter, It's 276 00:16:06,300 --> 00:16:08,800 responding with. Yes, I filio. 277 00:16:08,800 --> 00:16:12,100 ET filio you. And then the third time Jesus 278 00:16:12,100 --> 00:16:16,000 says, do you feel you owe me? And Peter says yes, I feel your 279 00:16:16,000 --> 00:16:19,300 you. Maybe it could be that Jesus 280 00:16:19,300 --> 00:16:22,800 eventually realizes that Peter can only give phileo love. 281 00:16:23,300 --> 00:16:26,300 And by the end, Jesus is willing to settle for that. 282 00:16:26,700 --> 00:16:29,400 So in the end he says, okay well he can't give me a Gap, a love. 283 00:16:29,400 --> 00:16:33,300 Will do you phileo me, Peter? So that's that will be one 284 00:16:33,300 --> 00:16:36,900 Theory as in Jesus kind of settles for for a lesser, Kind 285 00:16:36,900 --> 00:16:38,800 of Love by the end of the conversation. 286 00:16:39,400 --> 00:16:41,900 That is possible. But remember, Jesus spoke 287 00:16:41,900 --> 00:16:45,400 Aramaic, not Greek. And there's probably a different 288 00:16:45,400 --> 00:16:48,800 reason why John has chosen to use different Greek words here. 289 00:16:50,200 --> 00:16:53,500 We know that throughout the Gospel of John, John uses, both 290 00:16:53,500 --> 00:16:58,500 verbs, interchangeably, filet filet oh and Agra pay he uses 291 00:16:58,500 --> 00:17:03,100 them as synonyms, for example. Jesus love for Lazarus in 292 00:17:03,100 --> 00:17:05,900 chapter 11. Both words are used. 293 00:17:05,900 --> 00:17:10,900 It says that Jesus has a Gap, a love for Lazarus and also phileo 294 00:17:10,900 --> 00:17:13,099 love for Lazarus. You can see that in chapter 11 295 00:17:13,099 --> 00:17:18,599 verse 3 and verse 5 and also phileo is applied to the 296 00:17:18,599 --> 00:17:21,099 Father's, Love For The Sea. Which is interesting because you 297 00:17:21,099 --> 00:17:23,599 would expect it to be a go pay for the Father's, Love For the 298 00:17:23,599 --> 00:17:28,400 Sun, but in 5:20, filho is used and both verbs. 299 00:17:28,400 --> 00:17:31,300 Feel you're in a group, a are applied to the Father's. 300 00:17:31,300 --> 00:17:34,700 Love For Jesus disciples in chapter 16 and 17. 301 00:17:35,000 --> 00:17:38,100 So what's going on here? It looks like John is using them 302 00:17:38,100 --> 00:17:41,500 as synonyms and so he's just choosing to use different Greek 303 00:17:41,500 --> 00:17:45,200 words as part of his translation so that his sentences don't 304 00:17:45,200 --> 00:17:49,400 become clunky and repetitive. So it appears that John is just 305 00:17:49,400 --> 00:17:54,000 using He has chosen to use different Greek words for love 306 00:17:54,000 --> 00:17:57,600 as a stylistic feature. As part of his writing to avoid 307 00:17:57,600 --> 00:18:01,300 redundancy when translating from Aramaic to Greek, similar with 308 00:18:01,300 --> 00:18:04,500 sheep and Lambs In this passage, there's probably Jesus probably 309 00:18:04,500 --> 00:18:08,400 would have used the same Aramaic word for sheep and Lambs, John 310 00:18:08,400 --> 00:18:10,900 just decided to use different Greek words to make his 311 00:18:10,900 --> 00:18:12,800 sentences seem a bit more interesting. 312 00:18:13,400 --> 00:18:15,000 So I think that's probably right. 313 00:18:15,000 --> 00:18:21,900 I don't think there is any significance to Jesus being said 314 00:18:21,900 --> 00:18:24,100 to use different Greek words here for love. 315 00:18:24,100 --> 00:18:26,300 Although that is certainly an open question and you need to 316 00:18:26,308 --> 00:18:30,300 come to your own conclusions. So this ends that part of the 317 00:18:30,300 --> 00:18:34,000 conversation about love. The threefold question has been 318 00:18:34,000 --> 00:18:37,100 addressed to Peter and that corresponds to his threefold 319 00:18:37,100 --> 00:18:41,300 denial, all three times Peter affirms, that he loves Jesus and 320 00:18:41,300 --> 00:18:44,600 Jesus reinstates him as the future leader of the church. 321 00:18:45,300 --> 00:18:49,300 He does not hold Peters past sins against him terrible as 322 00:18:49,300 --> 00:18:51,500 they were. He actually did, you know, 323 00:18:51,500 --> 00:18:55,400 basically helped Jesus be put to death and that's a terrible sin 324 00:18:55,700 --> 00:18:57,500 but Jesus doesn't hold that against him. 325 00:18:58,800 --> 00:19:02,000 That's incredible forgiveness, that Jesus shows here and that 326 00:19:02,000 --> 00:19:05,300 forgiveness is available to all of us because we've all that 327 00:19:05,300 --> 00:19:08,500 Jesus down in different ways. The Catholic commentary on the 328 00:19:08,500 --> 00:19:11,800 sacred scripture summarizes. This section by saying this, the 329 00:19:11,800 --> 00:19:14,800 same dynamics of repentance and forgiveness apply to all 330 00:19:14,800 --> 00:19:18,700 disciples for Peter is still a sheep in relation to Jesus. 331 00:19:19,300 --> 00:19:21,200 No. Matter how serious or how many 332 00:19:21,200 --> 00:19:24,500 of the sins we have committed and Peters were very serious. 333 00:19:24,900 --> 00:19:27,400 The love. And mercy of Jesus is infinitely 334 00:19:27,400 --> 00:19:30,400 greater. He seeks us out, and invites us 335 00:19:30,400 --> 00:19:33,100 to return to him. This scene should give us 336 00:19:33,100 --> 00:19:36,600 confidence that when we seek reconciliation with Jesus, he 337 00:19:36,600 --> 00:19:40,600 forgives us completely and forever as Pope Francis has 338 00:19:40,600 --> 00:19:43,700 beautifully taught. God does not tired of forgiving 339 00:19:43,700 --> 00:19:45,900 us. If we are able to return to him 340 00:19:46,200 --> 00:19:51,600 with a contrite heart, Now there is more In this passage though. 341 00:19:52,100 --> 00:19:54,600 Verse 19 the so he's reinstated Peter. 342 00:19:54,600 --> 00:19:59,000 Jesus is now going to tell Peter what is to come in his future 343 00:19:59,100 --> 00:20:01,200 and there's some interesting things going on with the words. 344 00:20:01,200 --> 00:20:05,300 Here once again he says to Peter, I tell you most solemnly, 345 00:20:05,700 --> 00:20:08,500 when you were young, you put on your own belt and walked where 346 00:20:08,500 --> 00:20:11,100 you liked. So this is kind of like a 347 00:20:11,108 --> 00:20:13,000 metaphor. Jesus says this is what all 348 00:20:13,000 --> 00:20:16,600 people are like when they're youthful and vibrant, they able 349 00:20:16,600 --> 00:20:18,600 to move around without assistance, they can make their 350 00:20:18,600 --> 00:20:20,700 own decisions, they can do what they want, and that's pretty 351 00:20:20,700 --> 00:20:23,700 much what Peter has been doing up till this point in his life 352 00:20:24,500 --> 00:20:27,100 Jesus goes on. But when you grow old, you will 353 00:20:27,100 --> 00:20:30,300 stretch out your hands and somebody else will put a belt 354 00:20:30,300 --> 00:20:33,700 around you and take you, where you would rather not go. 355 00:20:35,600 --> 00:20:39,300 So on the primary level, Jesus appears to be saying something 356 00:20:39,300 --> 00:20:42,900 like this to Peter, one day, you will grow old and frail. 357 00:20:43,200 --> 00:20:45,700 That will be the most basic meaning of what he says here. 358 00:20:46,300 --> 00:20:49,100 And why would Jesus say that, while in context? 359 00:20:49,200 --> 00:20:51,800 It could be Jesus, saying something like this to Peter. 360 00:20:52,200 --> 00:20:55,000 You have lived quite a self-centered life, particularly 361 00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:57,700 in your denial of me. You've done whatever you wanted. 362 00:20:59,100 --> 00:21:02,300 Keep in mind that one day you will need the assistance of 363 00:21:02,300 --> 00:21:05,300 others. So perhaps Jesus is pointing out 364 00:21:05,300 --> 00:21:09,300 a particular Vice. The Peter has and he's telling 365 00:21:09,300 --> 00:21:12,600 him to keep it in mind and it's kind of a warning to Peter that 366 00:21:12,600 --> 00:21:15,800 Peter you will need to keep your selfishness in check. 367 00:21:16,400 --> 00:21:20,700 That is perhaps one thing that Jesus means here but John the 368 00:21:20,700 --> 00:21:22,800 author. Now tells us that Jesus also 369 00:21:22,800 --> 00:21:27,300 intended a second meaning, when he says when you grow old, you 370 00:21:27,300 --> 00:21:30,000 will stretch out your hands and somebody else will put a belt 371 00:21:30,000 --> 00:21:32,600 around you and take you where you would rather not go 372 00:21:34,200 --> 00:21:37,300 Peterson. John says, by this Jesus. 373 00:21:37,500 --> 00:21:40,600 The kind of death by which Peter would give glory to God. 374 00:21:41,800 --> 00:21:44,900 Now Jesus, by this point in the gospel has already predicted 375 00:21:44,900 --> 00:21:47,600 that Peter would one day follow Peta to the Peta. 376 00:21:47,600 --> 00:21:49,500 Would one day follow Jesus to Heaven. 377 00:21:49,800 --> 00:21:55,400 That's in 13:36 and now Jesus tells Peter explicitly. 378 00:21:55,400 --> 00:21:57,200 How his death is going to happen. 379 00:21:59,400 --> 00:22:01,500 Although the word crucified isn't used here that is 380 00:22:01,500 --> 00:22:03,900 certainly implied. And we know from history that 381 00:22:03,900 --> 00:22:06,200 Peter was actually killed by crucifixion. 382 00:22:06,200 --> 00:22:09,700 He was crucified upside Side down in Rome and apparently he 383 00:22:09,700 --> 00:22:12,100 chose to be, he said, I don't want to be crucified the same 384 00:22:12,100 --> 00:22:15,400 way as Jesus. So put me upside down, instead 385 00:22:15,600 --> 00:22:17,800 that's what the tradition tells us happened. 386 00:22:19,600 --> 00:22:24,100 So John says, that that is an additional meaning that Jesus 387 00:22:24,100 --> 00:22:26,500 intended by. When you grow old, you will 388 00:22:26,500 --> 00:22:29,000 stretch out your hands and somebody else will put a belt 389 00:22:29,000 --> 00:22:32,300 around you and take you, where you would rather not go and 390 00:22:32,300 --> 00:22:35,900 that's an important lesson to us as as we look at the literal 391 00:22:35,900 --> 00:22:39,200 sense of the text. Not all the time, we shouldn't 392 00:22:39,200 --> 00:22:43,300 over analyzer, but sometimes Jesus deliberately uses words 393 00:22:43,300 --> 00:22:45,200 where he means two things at once. 394 00:22:45,700 --> 00:22:49,600 So, there are two literal senses of Jesus words. 395 00:22:50,900 --> 00:22:53,400 And that's certainly what appears to be happening here. 396 00:22:53,500 --> 00:22:57,100 Jesus chose words, that meant two things at the same time. 397 00:22:58,200 --> 00:23:00,600 Now, there is a link here to the previous conversation. 398 00:23:01,300 --> 00:23:04,400 Just as Jesus, the Good Shepherd, lays down his life for 399 00:23:04,400 --> 00:23:07,200 his sheep as we saw in chapter 10 Pete. 400 00:23:07,400 --> 00:23:11,600 Sure, as the new Shepherd which Jesus has just made him is going 401 00:23:11,600 --> 00:23:15,300 to do the same when he dies. As The Shepherd of the church, 402 00:23:15,500 --> 00:23:18,600 Peter is going to have to make a great sacrifice for the Sheep 403 00:23:18,900 --> 00:23:21,800 when he lays down his life, even though he may not want to 404 00:23:21,800 --> 00:23:26,100 According To Jesus. Through Peters willing 405 00:23:26,100 --> 00:23:29,600 crucifixion, which he chose, he will cause people to be pointed 406 00:23:29,600 --> 00:23:31,900 back to God. And that would make sense here 407 00:23:31,900 --> 00:23:35,700 because John says Peter's death will give glory to God. 408 00:23:35,700 --> 00:23:40,200 So Peter's death will cause people watching Peter's death to 409 00:23:40,200 --> 00:23:43,000 be pointed back to God. In fact, the Greek word for 410 00:23:43,000 --> 00:23:46,900 martyr, which is what Peter was, is derived from the same word 411 00:23:46,900 --> 00:23:48,900 that's used for witness, which is interesting. 412 00:23:51,400 --> 00:23:54,300 John says in these words he indicated the kind of death by 413 00:23:54,300 --> 00:23:55,900 which Peter would give glory to God. 414 00:23:55,900 --> 00:23:58,000 So that's the second meaning of Jesus words. 415 00:23:58,900 --> 00:24:02,500 Now, did Peter know that, that that's what Jesus meant, it 416 00:24:02,500 --> 00:24:04,700 appears. He does because in verse 21 417 00:24:04,700 --> 00:24:07,700 which will look at tomorrow, it seems that Peter does 418 00:24:07,700 --> 00:24:10,600 understand. That Jesus is prophesying. 419 00:24:10,600 --> 00:24:13,900 Peter's death, maybe John didn't understand. 420 00:24:13,900 --> 00:24:17,100 At the time though, probably John, only later worked out that 421 00:24:17,100 --> 00:24:19,000 that was Peters. That that was Jesus. 422 00:24:19,700 --> 00:24:22,200 Ian with the guidance of the Holy Spirit. 423 00:24:22,700 --> 00:24:24,900 Remember in the farewell discourse, Jesus had 424 00:24:24,900 --> 00:24:27,800 specifically promised that the holy spirit will give the 425 00:24:27,800 --> 00:24:30,800 apostles the ability to understand the true meaning of 426 00:24:30,800 --> 00:24:33,800 Jesus words, which is apparently what's happened here with John. 427 00:24:35,600 --> 00:24:38,100 Now, there's some interesting information in this verse which 428 00:24:38,100 --> 00:24:41,900 relates to the dating of the Gospel of John, Because it's 429 00:24:41,900 --> 00:24:44,600 talking about the crucifixion of Peter. 430 00:24:44,600 --> 00:24:49,200 So many have felt that the fact that John adds this phrase like 431 00:24:49,200 --> 00:24:51,800 he talks about this phrase indicates that Peter must have 432 00:24:51,800 --> 00:24:58,200 died by this time because what it says here is here Jesus 433 00:24:58,200 --> 00:25:02,900 indicated, the kind of death by which Peter would glorify God. 434 00:25:02,900 --> 00:25:06,200 And that would seem to imply that Peter's death has already 435 00:25:06,200 --> 00:25:08,800 happened. And John is reflecting backwards 436 00:25:08,800 --> 00:25:12,900 on Jesus words here because He now sees are so that's what 437 00:25:12,900 --> 00:25:15,300 Jesus meant, because he's now seen that. 438 00:25:15,300 --> 00:25:17,500 That's how Peter died and that's possible. 439 00:25:18,700 --> 00:25:21,000 And if that's correct, it would tell us something a bit about 440 00:25:21,000 --> 00:25:22,400 the dating of the Gospel of John. 441 00:25:22,400 --> 00:25:25,600 It would mean that the Gospel of John was written after Peter's 442 00:25:25,600 --> 00:25:27,900 death. We know that Peter died in 443 00:25:27,900 --> 00:25:32,200 around a.d. 55 or sorry, 65 or 66. 444 00:25:32,800 --> 00:25:36,200 Therefore, if this theory is right, and John is indeed 445 00:25:36,500 --> 00:25:39,800 reflecting on Peter's death, which is already happened. 446 00:25:39,800 --> 00:25:42,400 That means the Gospel of John. John must have been written 447 00:25:42,400 --> 00:25:46,800 after ad 66. However, that's probably not 448 00:25:46,800 --> 00:25:50,000 right because many translations including our lectionary. 449 00:25:50,000 --> 00:25:53,800 Although they put it as they make it sound like a past event. 450 00:25:54,600 --> 00:25:58,700 As if Peter's death has already happened, the Greek word here. 451 00:25:58,900 --> 00:26:04,100 Doc sack say Doc say is actually more properly rendered in the 452 00:26:04,100 --> 00:26:08,100 future tense and so what it actually says in Greek here is 453 00:26:08,200 --> 00:26:10,800 by this Jesus indicated, the kind of death. 454 00:26:12,200 --> 00:26:15,300 He shall glorify God with. And that's a future tense. 455 00:26:16,100 --> 00:26:18,300 So, if that's correct. And the Greek does seem to 456 00:26:18,300 --> 00:26:20,100 indicate that. That's a future tense. 457 00:26:20,400 --> 00:26:24,500 Then, John must have written his gospel prior to Peter's death 458 00:26:25,100 --> 00:26:29,200 and that would make the gospel prior to a d65. 459 00:26:29,800 --> 00:26:31,800 So there's some interesting discussions which come out of 460 00:26:31,800 --> 00:26:33,800 that. You might ask well, if it's the 461 00:26:33,800 --> 00:26:36,600 future tense, why do most translations put it as past 462 00:26:36,600 --> 00:26:38,200 tense? And it appears that there's 463 00:26:38,200 --> 00:26:40,700 because of translators often have a bias. 464 00:26:40,700 --> 00:26:45,100 Lots of translators. Who work on Bible translations. 465 00:26:45,100 --> 00:26:47,400 Think that the Gospel of John was written light. 466 00:26:47,400 --> 00:26:49,600 That was that that's their assumption that they start with. 467 00:26:49,600 --> 00:26:52,900 And therefore they end up translating versus like this in 468 00:26:52,900 --> 00:26:55,600 strange ways to make their theories about the Gospel of 469 00:26:55,600 --> 00:26:58,700 John work. And so, you know, that's really 470 00:26:58,700 --> 00:27:01,700 getting into the nitty-gritty of dating and of authorship. 471 00:27:02,700 --> 00:27:05,500 In any case we don't this would not be a permitted Catholic 472 00:27:05,500 --> 00:27:09,100 teaching to say that. John is adding purely his own 473 00:27:09,100 --> 00:27:12,300 interpretation of Jesus words, or Worse. 474 00:27:12,300 --> 00:27:15,400 We don't want to say that. John is putting words in Jesus 475 00:27:15,400 --> 00:27:17,600 mouth. That would not be within the 476 00:27:17,600 --> 00:27:21,100 scope of Catholic teaching. John here is being enlightened 477 00:27:21,100 --> 00:27:25,500 by the Holy Spirit to understand Jesus intended, meaning of words 478 00:27:25,500 --> 00:27:31,400 that Jesus really did say, And then Jesus goes on and says, 479 00:27:31,400 --> 00:27:33,300 after this. He said, follow me. 480 00:27:33,400 --> 00:27:35,600 So that's Jesus. Final instruction to P, do 481 00:27:35,600 --> 00:27:37,900 follow me. If Peter can get that right, 482 00:27:38,200 --> 00:27:40,100 everything else will fall into place. 483 00:27:41,000 --> 00:27:44,700 When speaking about his own death, Jesus says whoever serves 484 00:27:44,700 --> 00:27:48,100 me must follow me and where I am there. 485 00:27:48,100 --> 00:27:55,100 Also, my servant will my servant be and that's in 12:26 for Peter 486 00:27:55,100 --> 00:27:57,200 to serve as the shepherd of Jesus sheep. 487 00:27:57,200 --> 00:28:00,300 He must follow Jesus. Pletely even to the point of 488 00:28:00,300 --> 00:28:02,900 laying down his life. And we see that in chapter 13 489 00:28:02,900 --> 00:28:07,600 verse 37, he must carry out his role as Shepherd by imitating 490 00:28:07,600 --> 00:28:09,800 Christ. The Good Shepherd who lays down 491 00:28:09,800 --> 00:28:13,200 his life for the sheep and performs the greatest act of 492 00:28:13,200 --> 00:28:16,600 Love 15:13. So that brings together. 493 00:28:16,600 --> 00:28:18,900 Lots of different parts of the Gospel of John there. 494 00:28:20,600 --> 00:28:22,300 Now, this conversation is not over. 495 00:28:22,400 --> 00:28:24,700 They'd actually continues in tomorrow's election are 496 00:28:24,700 --> 00:28:28,500 rereading and they start to discuss what they move from 497 00:28:28,500 --> 00:28:31,000 discussing Peter to discussing John. 498 00:28:32,100 --> 00:28:33,800 So we'll look at that in tomorrow's reading. 499 00:28:35,600 --> 00:28:39,100 Let's read out a few catechism paragraphs to finish the a so 500 00:28:39,100 --> 00:28:42,100 paragraph, 553 is about the Keys of the Kingdom. 501 00:28:42,800 --> 00:28:45,600 The power of the keys, designates authority to govern 502 00:28:45,600 --> 00:28:49,200 the house of God, which is the Church of Jesus, the Good 503 00:28:49,200 --> 00:28:53,100 Shepherd confirms this mandate after his resurrection feed, my 504 00:28:53,100 --> 00:28:57,600 sheep, the power to bind and loose connotes the authority to 505 00:28:57,600 --> 00:29:01,600 absolve sins to pronounce doctrinal judgments and to make 506 00:29:01,600 --> 00:29:04,400 disciplinary decisions in the church. 507 00:29:05,200 --> 00:29:07,900 Jesus entrusted, this authority to the church through the 508 00:29:07,900 --> 00:29:11,200 ministry of the Apostles, and in particular through the ministry 509 00:29:11,200 --> 00:29:13,600 of Peter. The only one to whom he 510 00:29:13,600 --> 00:29:19,600 specifically entrusted, the Keys of the Kingdom paragraph 881. 511 00:29:21,000 --> 00:29:24,700 The Lord made Simon alone, whom he named Peter, the rock of his 512 00:29:24,700 --> 00:29:27,000 church. He gave him the keys of his 513 00:29:27,000 --> 00:29:30,400 church and instituted him, Shepherd of the whole flock. 514 00:29:30,400 --> 00:29:34,100 And we see that institution here, the office of binding and 515 00:29:34,100 --> 00:29:37,400 loosing was given to Peter was also assigned to the College of 516 00:29:37,400 --> 00:29:41,300 Apostles, United to its head, the Pastoral office of Peter. 517 00:29:41,300 --> 00:29:44,400 And the other Apostles belongs to the church's, very 518 00:29:44,400 --> 00:29:48,200 foundation, and is continued by the Bishops, under the Primacy 519 00:29:48,200 --> 00:29:52,200 of the Pope. Paragraph. 14, 29. 520 00:29:52,200 --> 00:29:54,900 This is about the call of baptized Christians to 521 00:29:54,908 --> 00:29:57,900 continually be converted st. Peter's conversion. 522 00:29:57,900 --> 00:30:01,800 After he had denied his master three times Bears, witness to 523 00:30:01,800 --> 00:30:04,700 this. Jesus look of infinite, Mercy, 524 00:30:04,700 --> 00:30:08,100 Drew tears of repentance from Peter and after the Lord's 525 00:30:08,100 --> 00:30:11,600 Resurrection, a three-fold affirmation of love for him. 526 00:30:12,400 --> 00:30:16,400 The second conversion also has a communitarian dimension as it is 527 00:30:16,400 --> 00:30:18,700 clear in the Lord's call to a whole church. 528 00:30:19,400 --> 00:30:22,500 ENT. So all Christians are called to 529 00:30:22,508 --> 00:30:28,300 repent, from sinning in the same way that Peter was called by 530 00:30:28,300 --> 00:30:33,500 Jesus here. Lastly paragraph. 5511 sorry 531 00:30:33,500 --> 00:30:38,500 1551 and this is about how Christians are united to the 532 00:30:38,500 --> 00:30:41,200 head of the body of Christ, which is Jesus himself. 533 00:30:42,200 --> 00:30:45,500 The priesthood is ministerial that office which the Lord 534 00:30:45,500 --> 00:30:48,700 committed to the pastures of his people in the strict sense of 535 00:30:48,700 --> 00:30:52,900 the term, a service, it is entirely related to Christ and 536 00:30:52,900 --> 00:30:56,800 to men it depends entirely on Christ and on his unique 537 00:30:56,800 --> 00:30:59,900 priesthood it has been instituted for the good of men. 538 00:31:00,500 --> 00:31:03,800 The communion of the church, the sacrament of holy orders, 539 00:31:03,800 --> 00:31:06,500 communicates a sacred power, which is none. 540 00:31:06,500 --> 00:31:10,600 Other than that of Christ. The exercise of this Authority 541 00:31:10,600 --> 00:31:14,500 must therefore be measured against the model of Christ who 542 00:31:14,500 --> 00:31:19,100 by love made himself, the least and the servant of all the Lord 543 00:31:19,100 --> 00:31:22,600 clearly said, the concern for his flock was proof of love for 544 00:31:22,600 --> 00:31:25,500 him. So there's quite a few nice 545 00:31:25,500 --> 00:31:29,600 paragraph paragraphs from the catechism there which linked to 546 00:31:29,800 --> 00:31:32,700 John. 21 today. So it has been a bit of a longer 547 00:31:32,700 --> 00:31:36,600 podcast because of how important this passage is in helping us 548 00:31:36,600 --> 00:31:40,300 understand Peter and his role and also because of different 549 00:31:40,300 --> 00:31:43,000 theories about what's going on within the text itself. 550 00:31:43,200 --> 00:31:46,700 Hopefully you've found this exploration beneficial and 551 00:31:46,700 --> 00:31:49,800 you've learned something new. If that's the case, please share 552 00:31:49,800 --> 00:31:52,300 this with other people who you think would benefit from hearing 553 00:31:52,300 --> 00:31:54,900 it as well. Thanks and we'll continue in 554 00:31:54,900 --> 00:31:56,700 John chapter 21 tomorrow.