Some easy points that you can get on the boards.
It's kind of like Farm where I talk about their freebie
questions, but it's not farm, it's actually vitamins and
minerals. Their application identification
uses contraindication side effects, same thing as farm.
So same approach that we have. But these are easy points if you
see them, and easy to correlate to different disease processes
or treatments or side effects. So pick up these easy points
kind of little rapid review like I'm going to do at farm here
coming up in the next episode or so.
So let's go through our water soluble vitamins.
The first one is B1B1 is thymine.
We talked about this in alcoholism.
So what does this cause? Wernicky Korsakoff, Wernicky's
encephalopathy. Encephalopathy being what?
Encephalo being brain pathy being pathology.
And what happens in thymine deficiency in that alcoholism is
we get this receptive and expressive aphasia.
So how do I describe that? Well, aphasia, the inability to
understand speak. We've got that receptive
inability to understand speech, and we got that expressive
inability to speak. So receptively, I don't
understand what you're saying. Expressively, you don't know
what I'm saying. So when you think about somebody
who's had way too many to drink, who is thyme deficient at this
point, do you think you understand what they're saying
while they're slurring all their words?
Probably not. And do you think you're going to
get through to them, meaning are they going to be able to receive
what you're saying? Probably not.
That's that expressive and receptive aphasia.
The next one is vitamin B3. Vitamin B3 is niacin and this
one is used for high cholesterol or hyperlipidemia.
It is over the counter, but the thing about this, it causes
flushing. It's not an anaphylactic
reaction, it's just flushing. So give them an NSAID.
The next one I want to talk about is vitamin B9.
Many of you know it as folate or folic acid.
And when you think of folic acid, typically we think of what
pregnancy. So folic acid will help prevent
neural tube defects. Do we start it when we get
pregnant or when we have the thought of conception or we're
trying to conceive? When we're trying to conceive?
So we've got 400 to 800 micrograms a day.
This is what we're looking at when we're taking our prenatals.
The next one is vitamin B12, Cobalammine.
Anybody that's out there knows my story where I talk about
people that are out talking about and trying to educate
about vitamins and minerals and what supplements they should
take. And I talk about these people
that are out there that have no education, but they look good.
They've got a huge following and they call it cobalamin or
cobalamin. And I'm like, no, no, no, you
know, it's cobalammine. Make sure you do your due
diligence when you listen to whoever is teaching you, make
sure they know what they're talking about or they're
educated in what they're teaching you.
Cobalammine, which is vitamin B12, can cause pernicious
anemia. Meaning if we don't have enough
vitamin B12, we developed this pernicious anemia.
We use B12 with an intrinsic factor to be able to be
absorbed, but we develop neuropathy if we don't have
enough. We can develop memory loss as
well to paresthesia. But the thing about vitamin B12
is it's in meat, poultry, fish, eggs, things of that nature, and
we get stores for years. So if you decide to convert into
veganism, then yeah, maybe you will develop it over years.
But it's the people that are born into these lifestyles that
don't consume meat, poultry, fish, eggs, things of that
nature that are going to actually be at risk for B12.
So we supplement it. We supplement it.
The next water soluble vitamin is vitamin C, also known as
asorbic acid. And with this, the boards love
to ask what works with it synergistically.
It's iron. Iron absorption and vitamin C go
hand in hand. So we're talking about anemia or
we're talking about vitamin C Think about taking them at the
same time. But ultimately, our overall
health is super important because I am a huge fan of all
these natural vitamins and minerals, which leads me to talk
about something that I consume on a daily basis, day and night.
I'm consuming this product called Magic Mind.
I'm talking about for focus during the day and sleep during
the night. And I literally take a shot in
the morning, a shot in the night.
It's all natural. And during the day, it's got
this like time released caffeine.
So it keeps me super focused and at night time and you can
imagine my mind goes 1,000,000 miles an hour.
I need to unwind and relax. So I take the sleep version of
this at night time. The fact of Magic Mind is it's
studied by 200 different scientific studies behind every
single ingredient in there, which is huge and it's doctor
validated. So not only that, but they're
also donating. And those of you that know me,
then you know that I'm a big fan of mental health.
I'm a huge, huge advocate of mental health.
They're even donating proceeds from each bottle sold to mental
health charities to help different communities around the
US. So some of the things that I'm
really, really big on in here is they've got that Ashwagandha,
that time release, caffeine, some lion's mane.
These are things that are natural, that are going to help
our health. And right now to our students,
you can get the both packs, the focus, the Daytime 1 and the
Sleep bundle for 45% off to our students, 45% off to our
students at magicmind.com/high Yield Jan, High Yield Jan Jan as
in January for 45% off for Magic Mind.
Now we move on to our fat soluble vitamins, ADEK.
And there's a lot of great mnemonics in order to remember
them. But Adek, it's not too hard to
remember four of these fat soluble vitamins starting with
vitamin A. So the thing about these
vitamins is that they are stored in fat.
Because they're stored in fat, we can develop toxicity because
we don't just rid of them, they stay in our system.
So the more and more we consume, the more and more they build up.
So toxicity is a big deal with both of these.
The first one, arguably the most important one tested on the
boards is vitamin A. And it's not that it's just for
vision or deficiency can cause night blindness.
The real part is the derivatives of vitamin A.
The derivatives of vitamin A are going to be used for acne,
especially isotretinoin. That is the highest yield drug
in this entire lecture that you should know why Isotretinoin is
a vitamin A derivative. It's a retinoid.
And the thing about this is because it's used for acne,
Think about the population that's used for acne.
We're talking about potentially starting from teenage years
where hormones take off, moving on up, meaning that a population
of women consuming isotretinoin because of acne needs to be
educated because this is highly, highly teratogenic.
So we have to make sure that they are not pregnant.
We must do a pregnancy test in order to rule out pregnancy
because it is so teratogenic. If we decide to start them on
it, we must educate them that they must be on 2 forms of birth
control. 2 forms of birth control.
We must monitor their LFTS. We must monitor their lipid
panel. This is a drug that causes
photosensitivity. So remember the mnemonic SAT for
a photo? OK, hold on one second.
Actually, we're about to change SAT for a photo up.
Those of you that remember SAT for a photo, it's sulfa,
amiodarone, tetracyclines, the F we added in for fluoroquinolones
sat for a photo, meaning photo sensitivity, but the brand name
is Accutane. So what I'm going to do this is
like on the spot while I'm making this podcast is what
we're going to do is we're going to add in sulfa, obviously is
there and with amiodarone, let's add in Accutane.
So SAT for a photo. So SAT is going to be two as
it's going to be amiodarone and accutane and tetracyclines.
The F we added in those of you that watch the weekly Zoom, I
did that on the spot as well too.
We're going to add in that F for fluoroquinolones and for a photo
because all of these drugs cause photosensitivity, which means we
must educate our patients. We must educate them.
Wear a hat, wear long sleeve clothes, don't go out in the sun
without sunscreen. As a matter of fact, if we can
avoid the sun, avoid the sun, don't go out to the beach, don't
go out to those outdoor concerts, avoid the sun because
it causes photo sensitivity. So again, sat for a photo, we're
going to modify that. We'll update that on our website
and all that good stuff on our quick tips as well too.
So we're going to make that SAT with 2A's for amiodarone and
accutane, which is isotripanoin. The next one is vitamin D
Vitamin D helps with calcium absorption, so it helps with the
bones. Use vitamin D and calcium at the
same time. Then last one is I'm going to
skip vitamin E, but I'm going to go into vitamin K.
Vitamin K, we're talking about blood clotting because what is
it? The antidote to warfarin.
So again, when you see vitamin K, more than likely you're going
to see it in a question regarding the antidote for for
warfarin overdose. The major minerals that we're
going to talk about, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium.
We touched on iron and we'll end it off with zinc.
So starting with calcium, again, we talked about that with
vitamin D, bone health, but calcium also is predominantly
responsible for the atrium portion of the heart.
So we're looking at dysrhythmias, we're looking at
nerve conduction. We're also talking about tetany
when we're dealing with hypocalcemia, hypocalcemia when
we get rid of the parathyroids potentially in a thyroidectomy.
So how do we see tetany, chopstack sign, trousseau sign,
then magnesium? We talk about magnesium in a
couple of different places and I get into this in depth more, but
we're just kind of doing a little rapid review here.
But magnesium, we talk about it in diuretics and alcohol,
alcoholism where we're losing so much magnesium.
We developed these tremors or these shakes.
Think about somebody that's hungover, they've depleted their
magnesium, they've peed it out because they were drinking so
much. Or somebody that is on a
diuretic that pees it out because they're on a diuretic
and they get tremors. So that nerve stability is big
with magnesium, but that nerve stability also comes in the form
of the brain, The nerves in the brain that neurological
stability in where preeclampsia to prevent seizures,
neurological stability. So magnesium, potassium, again
hypo or hyperkalemic. I talk about this with Asgraf.
The Big 1 is going to be V fib, V fib, V fib, and the last one
is sodium. The Big 1 is when somebody
becomes severely hyponatremic, meaning their sodium levels are
like 120 when they should be between 1:35 and 1:45, but
they've severely dropped with whatever reason, some sort of
water intoxication, whether it be some endocrinology,
endocrinological issue. But ultimately what we're
worried about is seizures. We're worried about seizures.
And again, we talked about this in depth in the on demand or in
the course, because we talked about this in endocrine, we
talked about this in pediatric nutrition.
We talk about this in a lot of different places, in a lot of
different places while talking about hyponatremia and seizures.
So ultimately ending it with zinc, with minerals and all over
in the news articles coming out, I'm sure on social media, people
talk about the importance of zinc and help building that
immune system.